Relationship between oral health literacy and oral health-related quality of life in patients with bladder cancer.

Introduction: Bladder cancer is one of the most important diseases that threatens oral and dental health due to its nature and side effects of chemotherapy. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between oral health literacy and oral health-related quality of life in patients with bladder cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with bladder cancer in Ahvaz, 2023. Subjects were selected randomly from the patients those were registered in Cancer Registry Center in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences and invited to Golestan Hospital for data collection through clinical evaluation, the Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire (OHL-AQ), and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14PER) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and analysis of variance. Results: The number of participants was 194. The mean oral health literacy in patients with bladder cancer was 9.74 ± 2.39, indicating insufficient oral health literacy. A significant association was observed between OHL-AQ and DMFT index, but no significant association was found between OHIP-14PER and DMFT index. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between OHL-AQ and OHIP-14PER (r = -0.68) in patients with bladder cancer. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, all dimensions of oral health literacy have correlation with the oral health-related quality of life in patients with bladder cancer. Therefore, adopting oral health behaviors and increasing oral health literacy can be the best way to improve the oral health-related quality of life to among patients with bladder cancer.

Preparing and evaluating the anti-microbial effect of Allium jesdianum mouthwash on some of the most common oral microorganisms.

Background: Due to the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and anti-bacterial compounds in plants, Allium jesdianum Boiss plant extract can be used in mouthwash compounds with its anti-microbial activity. Methods and Materials: The anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity of A. jesdianum mouthwash was investigated on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, S. salivarius and Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis. To analyse the anti-microbial effect of this mouthwash, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by the broth microdilution method. Results: The average MIC and MBC of A. jesdianum mouthwash for S. mutans were 1.56 and 3.12 (mg/ml), respectively, for S. salivarius, 0.25 and 0.65 (mg/ml), and for S. sanguis, respectively, 0.25 and 0.65 (mg/ml). The highest MIC and MBC values were for S. mutans, and the MIC and MBC values were equal for S. sanguis and S. salivarius. Average MIC and MBC were determined as 2.41 and 4.16 (mg/ml) for C. albicans and 2.34 and 5.72 (mg/ml) for C. tropicalis, respectively. MIC values of mouthwash were higher for C. albicans and MBC values for C. tropicalis. Conclusion: Our results showed a promising anti-fungal-anti-bacterial effect of A. jesdianum extract. A. jesdianum extract may be used as an alternative to chemical mouthwashes.

Comparison of Antifungal Activity of Jaftex Mouthwash and Nystatin Suspension against the Growth of Candida albicans.

Objective: Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection in the oral cavity caused by an overgrowth of Candida species, especially Candida albicans. Various herbal agents have been designed to target Candida albicans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Jaftex mouthwash and nystatin suspension on the growth of Candida albicans. Materials and methods:In the present in vitro study, a standard strain of Candida albicans was prepared in the form of lyophilized ampoules. Jaftex mouthwash was prepared with an active ingredient (10 g per 100 cc) of aqueous extract of oak fruit hull (Jaft), Zataria multiflora and Satureja bachtiarica. Nystatin oral suspension (100,000 IU/mL) was also prepared. Both mouthwashes were serially diluted using the two-fold serial dilution method (Jaftex: eight-fold dilutions; nystatin suspension: nine-fold dilutions). A volume of 10 ìL of each dilution of Jaftex mouthwash and nystatin suspension was placed on the discs that were linearly inoculated on culture medium and stored in an incubator for 24 hours at 37 °C. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the two antifungal agents was determined using the modified E-test. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 26.0. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The mean MIC values of Jaftex mouthwash and nystatin suspension were 0.0625 (mg/mL) and 0.0015 (mg/mL), respectively. There was a significant difference between the antifungal effect of Jaftex mouthwash and nystatin suspension on the growth of Candida albicans. Nystatin showed the lowest MIC and greater antifungal activity compared with Jaftex mouthwash. Conclusion:Nystatin increasingly suppressed the growth of Candida albicans. Jaftex mouthwash inhibited the growth of Candida albicans. Since nystatin may show allergic reactions, Jaftex mouthwash can be used as an alternative to nystatin. Due to the synergistic effect of nystatin with thymol, Jaftex mouthwash can be prescribed with nystatin.

Evaluation of the effect of Jaftex herbal mouthwash on the growth of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis.

BACKGROUND: Increased resistance of Candida albicans to standard antifungal agents has caused special attention to medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Jaftex mouthwash on the growth of C. albicans and Candida tropicalis. METHODS AND MATERIAL: In this in vitro study, standard strains of C. albicans and C. tropicalis were used. Jaftex mouthwash was prepared with the active ingredient (10g/100cc) of aqueous extract of oak fruit hull (Jaft), Zataria multiflora, and Satureja bachtiarica. The mouthwash was diluted in half, 8 different concentrations were obtained. 10 µl volume of each dilution was poured on discs mounted linearly on the culture medium inoculated with the target fungus. After 24 h, due to the slow growth rate of these fungi, the Petri dishes were incubated at 37°C and the mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for each fungus. The modified E. test method was used to measure the MIC of Jaftex mouthwash for the two fungi. The experiment was repeated three times for each fungus and the mean value was measured. RESULTS: The mean value of MIC for C. albicans and C. tropicalis was 0.0625 (mg/mL) and 0.0833 (mg/mL), respectively. Candida albicans appeared to be more sensitive to Jaftex, but no statistically significant difference was observed. CONCLUSION: Jaftex mouthwash inhibits the growth of C. albicans and C. tropicalis. The use of this mouthwash is recommended for treatment of oral candidiasis.

Improvement in oral health related quality of life among the elderly: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The present study was conducted to determine the impact of educational intervention based on adult learning theory on oral health related quality of life of the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study (IRCT20120910010804N13) was performed with 92 elderly patients referred to the dental clinic of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences. Participants were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The data were gathered by a questionnaire with demographic variables, variables of oral health related quality of the elderly, and variables for assessing the effectiveness of adult learning theory. Following pre-test, educational programs were conducted for the interventional group. After 1 month, the questionnaire was again administered to both groups. Next, the results of pre-test and post-test were analyzed using SPSS-23 at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: Educational intervention was significant in terms of overall oral health related quality of life and the overall effectiveness score of adult learning theory (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean change score of three physical, psychosocial, and pain dimensions following the educational intervention (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Education based on adult learning theory is recommended for improving oral health related quality of life among the elderly. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20120910010804N13. Registered on 2018-12-16. https://www.irct.ir/trial/35239.

Highly selective and sensitive optical sensor for determination of Pb2+ and Hg2+ ions based on the covalent immobilization of dithizone on agarose membrane.

A highly sensitive and selective optical membrane for determination of Hg(2+) and Pb(2+) was prepared by covalent immobilization of dithizone on agarose membrane. In addition to its high stability, reproducibility and relatively long lifetime, the proposed optical sensor revealed good selectivity for target ions over a large number of alkali, alkaline earth, transition, and heavy metal ions. The proposed optical membrane displays linear responses from 1.1×10(-8) to 2.0×10(-6) mol L(-1) and 1.2×10(-8) to 2.4×10(-6) mol L(-1) for Hg(2+) and Pb(2+), respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) were 2.0×10(-9) mol L(-1) and 4.0×10(-9) mol L(-1) for Hg(2+) and Pb(2), respectively. The prepared optical membrane was successfully applied to the determination of Hg(2+) and Pb(2+) in industrial wastes, spiked tap water and natural waters without any preconcentration step.

Extragingival pyogenic granuloma associated with medication: Report of an unusual case.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a well-known benign non-neoplastic overgrowth. It is a response to mild irritation and might be related to hormonal factors and certain kinds of drugs. PG preferentially affects the gingiva, but can be found extragingivally with varying clinical features. The most common treatment is surgical excision. This article describes a case of extragingival PG occurring on the tongue with unusual presentation, with emphasis on non-surgical treatment. Since surgical management had not been successful, an alternative approach was taken. We illustrated how the lesion was successfully treated with a series of intralesional corticosteroid injections.

Histological assessment of intra-articular versus intra-peritoneal betamethasone L.A on tempromandibular joint arthritis in rat.

BACKGROUND: Pain and dysfunction of the tempromandibular joint (TMJ) are major clinical problems, especially, in arthritis. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intra-articular (IA) versus intra-peritoneal (IP) injection of betamethasone long acting on TMJ arthritis in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this experimental study, an inflammation in the left TMJ of 29 rats was induced by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant. After 1 week, rats were divided into 5 groups: Group A: Rats of this group were not treated (n = 5); groups B, C: Rats were injected with a single dose of ½ mg/kg betamethasone L.A IA (n = 6); groups D, E: Rats received a single dose of ½ mg/kg betamethasone L.A IP (n = 6). Rats in groups B and D after 1 week, and in groups C, E and A, at 4 weeks after drug injection were sacrificed. Severity of inflammation was scored from 1 to 11 according to synovial hyperplasia, vascularity, fibrin deposits, and synovial adhesion. Results were analyzed by using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney (P < 0/05 was considered significant). RESULTS: Significant differences were existed between groups B, D (P = 0/004) and groups C, E (P = 0/002). The least severity of Inflammation and also evidence of resorbtion in condylar head was seen in group C. CONCLUSION: The best therapeutic response was seen with IA injection of betamethasone L.A in comparison with IP injection.