Impact of calcium hydroxide and 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid on the microhardness of root dentine: an in vitro study.

To evaluate and compare the effect of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA) on the microhardness of root dentine. Fifty-one matured maxillary central incisors with straight root and type I canal configuration were decoronated to a standardized length of 16 mm. The root canals were cleaned and shaped using rotary instruments up to size F5. The tooth samples were then randomly assigned into three groups (n = 17) based on the intracanal medicament placed. Group A: control group with no intracanal medicament, Group B: root canals placed with Ca(OH)2, and Group C: root canals placed with HICA. After 1 week, the intracanal medicaments placed within the root canals were removed and the canals were dried. Subsequently, the specimens were split longitudinally into two halves and subjected to the Vickers microhardness test with indentations made at the coronal, middle, and apical-third root regions. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests. The control group showed significantly highest microhardness value (P < 0.001), followed by HICA and finally, Ca(OH)2 at the coronal, middle, and apical-third root regions, respectively. Nonetheless, there were no statistically significant differences in microhardness values across different root regions within each group. HICA was found to have a significantly lesser reduction in root dentine microhardness which could be a potential alternative to Ca(OH)2. Nevertheless, future studies are warranted to verify the present outcomes in the clinical setting.

A sequential approach in treatment of endo-perio lesion a case report.

Endo-perio lesions primarily occur by way of the intimate anatomic and vascular connections between the pulp and the periodontium. Endodontic-periodontal combined lesion is a clinical dilemma because making a differential diagnosis and deciding a prognosis are difficult. An untreated primary endodontic lesion may become secondarily involved with periodontal breakdown, which clinically present unusual signs and symptoms. This may delay the diagnosis and hence the correct treatment. This case report describes diagnosis and treatment protocol for an endo-perio lesion of primary endodontic with secondary periodontal involvement.

Evaluation of shear bond strength of silorane resin to conventional, resin-modified glass ionomers and nano-ionomer cements.

AIM: To evaluate the shear bond strength of silorane composite resin to conventional and resin-modified glass ionomer cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Shear bond strengths of Vitrebond (Group I), Ketac N100 (Group II) and Ketac Bond (Group III) glass ionomer cements to the composite Filtek P90 were evaluated. The bond strength was tested using a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Comparison between the groups was carried out using an analysis of variance test and pairwise comparison using Tukey's post-hoc test with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: The measured bond strengths were 17.14 ± 3.39 MPA for Group I (Vitrebond), 15.34 ± 3.39 MPa for Group II (Ketac N100) and 14.12 ± 2.79 MPa for Group III (Ketac Bond). Group I achieved higher bond strength than Groups II and III. CONCLUSIONS: Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (i.e. Vitrebond) appears to be preferable to nano-ionomer glass ionomer cement (i.e. Ketac N100) and conventional glass ionomer cement (i.e. Ketac Bond) as a base under low-shrink posterior composite (i.e. Filtek P90).

Micronuclei frequencies and nuclear abnormalities in oral exfoliated cells of nuclear power plant workers.

AIM: Biomonitoring provides a useful tool to estimate the genetic risk from exposure to genotoxic agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of Micronuclei (MN) and other Nuclear abnormalities (NA) from exfoliated oral mucosal cells in Nuclear Power Station (NPS) workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Micronucleus frequencies in oral exfoliated cells were done from individuals not known to be exposed to either environmental or occupational carcinogens (Group I). Similarly samples were obtained from full-time Nuclear Power Station (NPS) workers with absence of Leukemia and any malignancy (Group II) and workers diagnosed as leukemic patients and undergoing treatment (Group III). RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference between Group I, Group II & Group III. MN and NA frequencies in Leukemic Patients were significantly higher than those in exposed workers &control groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MN and other NA reflect genetic changes, events associated with malignancies. Therefore, there is a need to educate those who work in NPS about the potential hazard of occupational exposure and the importance of using protective measures.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma occurring on mandibular gingiva in an adult.

An embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is a primitive, malignant, soft tissue sarcoma that recapitulates the phenotypic and biological features of embryonic skeletal muscles. Occurrence of intraoral ERMS in adults is extremely rare. This unique case report highlights the clinical, radiographic, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of an intraoral ERMS.