Antibody-Mediated Rejection Treatment With Bortezomib in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center 24-Month Follow-up Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is related to a poor prognosis in graft survival, with 27% to 40% of patients experiencing graft loss within the first year. The mechanism of damage in AMR is mediated by donor-specific antibodies (DSA). No standard treatment for AMR exists, and conventional management includes high doses of steroids, plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin, and either rituximab or bortezomib. Because of the high cost of these medications and the lack of prospective studies to evaluate their efficacy and safety, their routine use is limited. In the following study, we describe the use of bortezomib for the treatment of AMR in 5 renal transplant recipients with a 24-month follow-up and compare this case with the reviewed literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five cases of AMR diagnosed by biopsy are reported, and these patients received bortezomib at a rate of 1.3 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, 8, and 11; plasmapheresis; and 1 patient received 30 g of intravenous immunoglobulin. RESULTS: All patients received his or her first transplant; 4 were from a cadaveric donor, and 1 patient received thymoglobulin at a standard dose. All patients had maintenance therapy based on cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone, with an average baseline creatinine level of 1.3 mg/dL. The average days until rejection event were 952 days. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: AMR treatment with bortezomib was effective, showing stable renal function at 24 months. Patients had adequate tolerance for administration. So far, these results contrast with the literature reviewed, so additional studies and follow-up are required for a new evaluation.

Calidad de vida en hemodiálisis y diálisis peritoneal tras cuatro años de tratamiento / Quality of life in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis after four years of treatment

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: la hemodiálisis y diálisis peritoneal corrigen algunos síntomas del paciente provocando cambios en el estilo de vida. Hay estudios que demuestran mejor calidad de vida con diálisis peritoneal comparada con hemodiálisis. La escala Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL SF 36) evalúa adecuadamente la calidad de vida. OBJETIVO: demostrar mayor puntaje en la escala de calidad de vida en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal por más de cuatro años comparados con pacientes en hemodiálisis. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo y multicéntrico, realizado del 1 de abril al 31 de mayo de 2016. Se utilizó la escala KDQOL SF 36 en pacientes en diálisis peritoneal o hemodiálisis en el Hospital Central Norte y Regional Poza Rica. Los resultados se compararon con t de Student y χ2. RESULTADOS: se observaron efectos mentales en 39.5% del grupo de diálisis peritoneal vs 47% en hemodiálisis, p 0.05; efectos físicos en 34% de diálisis peritoneal vs 35% en hemodiálisis, p 0.758; carga de la enfermedad renal en 27% en diálisis peritoneal vs 46% en hemodiálisis, p 0.03; efectos de la enfermedad renal en 61% en diálisis peritoneal vs 55% en hemodiálisis, p 0.391; síntomas en 71% en diálisis peritoneal vs 71% en hemodiálisis, p 0.893. CONCLUSIONES: en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal el puntaje es mejor que en pacientes en hemodiálisis en cuanto a efectos de la enfermedad renal. También se observó menor puntaje en pacientes en diálisis peritoneal vs hemodiálisis en carga de la enfermedad renal, área de efectos mentales, efectos físicos y área de síntomas, sin dife rencia estadística. Tampoco hubo diferencia significativa en diálisis a largo plazo (más de cuatro años) entre ambos grupos. Por tanto, el médico y el paciente deben encontrar la modalidad de diálisis que se ajuste mejor a sus necesidades y estilo de vida.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) cor rect some patient symptoms causing changes in the lifestyle. Studies show improved quality of life in PD compared with HD. The scale Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL SF 36) adequately assesses the quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To show higher scores on the scale of quality of life of patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) for more than 4 years compared to patients on hemodialysis (HD). MATERIAL AND METHOD: An observational, transversal, descriptive, multicenter study, performed from April 1st to May 31st, 2016. The KDQOL SF 36 scale was used in PD or HD patients in North Central Hospital and Poza Rica Regional Hospital, Mexico. The results were compared with t-Student and χ2. RESULTS: Mental effects in the group of PD 39.5% vs 47% in HD, p 0.05; physical effects on DP 34% vs 35% in HD, p 0.758; burden of kidney disease on PD 27% vs 46% in HD, p 0.03; effects of kidney disease in PD 61% vs 55% in HD, p 0.391; symptoms in PD 71% vs 71% in HD, p 0.893. CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneal dialysis has better score than hemodialysis on effects of kidney disease; PD with lower score that HD in burden of kidney disease, mental effects area; in physical effects, symptoms area with no statistical difference. No significant difference in long-term dialysis (>4 years) between both groups. Therefore, the physician and patient should find dialysis modality that best fits their needs and lifestyle adjustment.