RESUMO
PURPOSE: We compared the therapeutic efficacy and safety of timolol hemihydrate to timolol maleate in patients with ocular hypertension and chronic open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: We conducted this three-month study as a multicentered, masked, parallel group comparison. Both the 0.25% and 0.5% concentrations were evaluated against similar concentrations of timolol maleate. Dosing was twice daily. An open-label, nine-month study followed the masked portion of the protocol, in which all patients received either 0.25% or 0.5% timolol hemihydrate. A total of 371 patients were included in both the 0.25% and 0.5% studies. RESULTS: We found statistically similar intraocular pressures with both the 0.25% (18.3 and 18.6 mm Hg for the hemihydrate and maleate groups, respectively) and 0.5% (19.9 and 19.5 mm Hg for the hemihydrate and maleate groups, respectively) concentrations of timolol hemihydrate and timolol maleate after three months of masked treatment. Likewise, peak intraocular effect at two hours after taking the medication was statistically similar between medicines at both concentrations. Likewise, both ocular and systemic safety were similar between the maleate and hemihydrate preparations at both concentrations. In the nine-month open-label protocol, therapeutic efficacy (19.9 and 19.1 mm Hg for the 0.25% and 0.5% concentrations, respectively) and safety of timolol hemihydrate were similar to effect and safety of the three-month protocol. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that timolol hemihydrate had an ocular hypotensive efficacy and safety profile statistically equivalent to that of timolol maleate for up to three months of therapy. Timolol hemihydrate showed efficacy and safety similar to that observed within the first three months, for up to one year of therapy.
Assuntos
Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapêutico , Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertensão Ocular/tratamento farmacológico , Timolol/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Pressão Sanguínea , Doença Crônica , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Pressão Intraocular , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Soluções Oftálmicas , Segurança , Timolol/administração & dosagem , Timolol/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Carteolol, a nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, was compared in 1% and 2% topical solutions with 0.5% timolol in 105 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. In this double-masked, randomized 3-month trial, all three preparations significantly lowered intraocular pressure throughout the study, with no significant differences being observed. There were also no significant differences among the three preparations with regard to ocular or systemic adverse reactions, including heart rate and blood pressure.
Assuntos
Carteolol/uso terapêutico , Glaucoma de Ângulo Aberto/tratamento farmacológico , Timolol/uso terapêutico , Administração Tópica , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Formas de Dosagem , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Pressão Intraocular/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A survey of 674 ophthalmologists in the United States confirmed that intraocular implants, along with extracapsular extraction and ambulatory surgery, are emerging as widely practiced surgical techniques. The data were analyzed geographically and statistically significant differences by region were found. More ophthalmic surgeons are likely to use both extracapsular extractions and ambulatory surgery in the future.