RESUMO
The effect of a rapid temperature change on the biochemical status of blue mussels Mytilus edulis L. from the White Sea was studied under conditions of aquarium experiment. It is shown that modifications of the composition of reserve and structural lipids and their fatty acids, of the activity of lysosomal enzymes (ß-glucosidases, cathepsins B and D), of calcium-dependent proteases of cytocol (calpains) and of the enzyme of the second phase of biotransformation of xenobiotics - glutathione-S-transferase, reflect an unspecific compensatory reaction of bivalves to stress action of environmental factors and indicate reconstruction of blue mussel metabolism as early as within first hours of temperature change. The initial high level of glutathione-S-transferase activity in control blue mussels as well as an increase of glutathione concentration in the course of experiment may facilitate successful exit of mussels from the state of reduced metabolism.
Assuntos
Resposta ao Choque Térmico , Mytilus/metabolismo , Animais , Calpaína/metabolismo , Catepsinas/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Glutationa Transferase/metabolismo , Mytilus/fisiologia , beta-Glucosidase/metabolismoRESUMO
A study on the effect oil pollution under normal and reduced salinity had on blue mussels Mytilus edulis L. from the White Sea in an aquarium-based experiment and in the natural habitat revealed a change in gill total lipids as a compensatory response. The cholesterol concentration and the cholesterol/phospholipids ratio in gills were found to reflect the impact of the environmental factors (oil pollution and desalination), and evidence adaptive changes in the cell membrane structure. An elevated content of storage lipids (chiefly triacylglycerols) in the mussels in the aquarium experiment indicates, first of all, the uptake and accumulation of oil products in gill cells under both normal and reduced seawater salinity, while high triacylglycerols level in gill littoral mussels from 'control' biotope in the Gulf of Kandalaksha is primarily associated with the mussel׳s pre-spawning period.
Assuntos
Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Mytilus edulis/efeitos dos fármacos , Poluição por Petróleo/efeitos adversos , Água do Mar/efeitos adversos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Animais , Regiões Árticas , Brânquias/efeitos dos fármacos , Brânquias/metabolismo , Mytilus edulis/metabolismo , Federação Russa , SalinidadeRESUMO
The pattern of heart rate variation was studied in bivalves sublittoral (aquaculture) and littoral mussels Mytilus edulis L. and Hiatella arctica L. in a long-term experiment at constant salinity (25 degrees C) and temperature (10 degrees C). Periodic changes in heart rate were observed in both littoral and sublittoral mussels. Heart activity could regularly decrease up to temporary cardiac arrest. Changes in H. arctica heart rate were much less pronounced compared to mussels and no cardiac arrest was observed.
