Evaluation of the position of the permanent maxillary canine and its relationship to dental anomaly patterns in the paediatric patient.

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of ectopic eruption of the permanent maxillary canine in patients 6 to 10 years of age and its relationship to other dental anomalies, age and sex of the patient. MATERIALS: Study design: Descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, and retrospective study METHODS: A total of 260 panoramic radiographs were collected from patients who had their first visit at the Paediatric Dentistry Department of the Hospital HM Nens, HM Hospitals in Barcelona from January to May 2021. The prevalence of ectopic eruption was evaluated based on the following variables: age, sex, inclination angle and mesiodistal position of the crown of the permanent maxillary canine. Additionally, the presence of other dental anomalies was recorded. The statistical analysis to evaluate the relationship between two categorical variables was carried out using the Chi-square (or Fisher) test with unrelated samples and the Mann-Whitney test with related samples. A p-value of 0.05 and a 95% reliability level were considered statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ectopic eruption of the permanent maxillary canine was 9.23%. In this sample, no relationship was found between patients with maxillary canine with abnormal position and inclination and the presence of other dental anomalies.

An Unexpected Foreign Body (a Thermometer) in the Bladder: A Case Report.

Foreign bodies in the bladder are rarely observed because of difficult access. These patients usually have a mental disorder, a background of intense sexual perversion, or inquisitiveness. A 48-year-old, deaf, and mentally retarded woman was referred to the nephrology clinic for severe anemia and impaired renal function. Imaging tests showed a mercury thermometer positioned in the bladder and a stone, 5 cm in diameter, around it. This had caused bilateral ureteral obstruction. The patient underwent an open cysteotomy. Obstructive uropathy is one of the causes of kidney failure; therefore, foreign bodies should be included in the differential diagnosis.