The commercially available oral rinse vs. curcumin photosensitizers in an artificial mouth model mimicking their use after meals on early colonizers single species biofilm: An in vitro study.

BACKGROUND: Commercially available oral rinses contain active ingredients with concentration that is claimed by manufacturers to be effective as antiplaque agent. To date there has been no mention of the effect of oral rinse on the adherence of early plaque colonizers in plaque formation and the concentration to be used before/after meals. OBJECTIVE: The chief aim of the study was to evaluate microbial retention on the salivary pellicle on treatment with oral rinses (CHX & EO)/PS (mimicking after meals use of mouth wash/PS). METHODS: Noordini's Artifical Mouth model was used for developing the single species biofilm with early microbial colonizers of oral biofilm (A. viscosus, Strep. mitis and Strep. sanguinis respectively). The microbial retention on use of oral rinses comprising of CHX and EO as an active ingredients respectively was compared with Curcumin PS. For evaluating the microbial retention, the pellicle with microbial inoculation was developed on the glass beads in the mouth model. Subsequently the respective single specie biofilm was exposed to the mouth wash and PS after inoculation. It mimicked as use of mouth wash/PS after meals. The bacterial count in the dental biofilm was evaluated on serial dilution (CFU/ml). Sterile deionized water was used as a negative control. For qualitative analysis, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the microbial count. RESULTS: From the data it was observed that for the treatment of single species experimental biofilm with commercially available mouth rinses (CHX & EO) and PS (curcumin), there was significant retention for S.mitis, S.sanguinis and A.viscosus. There was no significant difference observed between PS and CHX treated single species biofilm. Whereas a significant difference was observed between EO treated biofilms and CHX/PS treated biofilms (p⩽ 0.05). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded from the results that curcumin PS and CHX should not be used after meals whereas EO containing mouth rinse can be used to maintain the oral mocroflora.

Clinical and radiographic peri-implant outcomes with riboflavin loaded Poly-L-glycolic acid nanoparticles incorporated in aloe-vera gel treating peri-implantitis in chronic hyperglycemic patients.

AIM: The objective of the current study was to compare the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) versus Poly-L-glycolic acid nanoparticles loaded riboflavin incorporated in aloe vera gel (PGA/RF/AV) on periimplant parameters and bacterial counts in chronic hyperglycemic patients having periimplantitis. METHODS: One hundred and two diabetic patients undergoing mechanical debridement (MD) were equally divided into three groups: Group 1: PGA/RF/AV+ MD, Group 2: PDT + MD, and Group 3: MD alone. Periimplant parameters [Bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI), marginal bone level (MBL)] were recorded in all three groups. Periimplant plaque samples were studied to record the levels of Tannerella forsythia (Tf) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). The recordings were taken at baseline, 3 months and 6 months post treatment. RESULTS: All three groups showed a reduction in severity of periimplantitis measured in terms of PD, PI, MBL and BoP. A statistically significant reduction in PD, PI and MBL was found in patients in Group 2 whereas participants of Group 1 were found to have a significant decrease in BoP. A statistically significant decline in the numbers of both the bacterial species was seen in Group 2 at the three-month follow-up whereas at the six-month follow-up, a statistically significant reduction was observed in treatment Group 2 in the levels of Tf species only. CONCLUSION: Riboflavin-loaded nanocarrier incorporated in aloe vera gel showed greater clinical efficacy than PDT alone in the treatment of periimplantitis in chronic hyperglycemic individuals.

A bibliometric review of top 50 cited articles published in the Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy from 2004 to 2019.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the article was to identify the top 50 cited articles in the journal of Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy during 2004-2019. METHODS: The online search was conducted on Scopus database to retrieve all the articles published during 2004-2019 in the journal of Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. The papers were identified and ranked as per the citation counts >42. Additionally the authors; institute and country of origin; type of study and availability of funding in these highly cited articles was identified. VOS viewer software was used to analyze the occurrence of most commonly used keywords by the authors. RESULTS: Majority of the highly cited studies published during last 15 years were literature reviews (n = 34) followed by the qualitative/quantitative studies (n = 15). The largest number of articles published were single nations without any collaborations (n = 45). The institutes publishing highest number of top cited articles included Massachusetts General Hospital, East Carolina University, 21 st Century Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital and Trinity College Dublin. The country with largest number of top cited articles was USA. The keyword most commonly associated with the 50 top cited articles was 'Photodynamic therapy'. CONCLUSION: Extensively, various specialties of medicine and dentistry have been explored in the last 15 years in the journal of Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. Based on citatations, we have highlighted those that can be considered as classic research.