RESUMO
The purpose of the study is to present the favorable results of YAG: Nd laser capsulotomy for the treatment of secondary opacification of the posterior capsule, in our department. A 3 years retrospective study was performed. For 1440 cataract operations, most of them extracapsular extractions with PMMA IOL placed in the posterior chamber (ciliary sulcus or capsular bag), 285 laser capsulotomies were done. The results are presented statistically, including sex and age distribution, type of cataract surgery and implant, treatment protocol (number of sessions, number of impulses per session, energy per impulse) and complications. The frequency of secondary capsular opacification in our study is 19.78%. It is most important in the age group 60-70 years, where the surgery for cataract is performed more often. Capsulotomy was done after extracapsular extraction with IOL placed in the posterior chamber, but especially after extracapsular extraction without implant placement or with complications that have permitted only the use of an anterior chamber implant. Capsulotomy is performed in only one session in 88% of the cases. The energy per impulse is usually 3-5 mJ and the mean number of impulses per session is 10-30. There are few complications: transient elevation of intraocular pressure in 14.73%, discrete laser marks on the implant in 8.77% and moderate iritis in 1% of the cases. YAG: Nd laser capsulotomy appears to be a safe and efficient method of treating secondary cataract; it improved visual acuity in all cases, if different ocular pathology had not influenced it.
