Replica symmetry breaking in 1D Rayleigh scattering system: theory and validations.

Spin glass theory, as a paradigm for describing disordered magnetic systems, constitutes a prominent subject of study within statistical physics. Replica symmetry breaking (RSB), as one of the pivotal concepts for the understanding of spin glass theory, means that under identical conditions, disordered systems can yield distinct states with nontrivial correlations. Random fiber laser (RFL) based on Rayleigh scattering (RS) is a complex disordered system, owing to the disorder and stochasticity of RS. In this work, for the first time, a precise theoretical model is elaborated for studying the photonic phase transition via the platform of RS-based RFL, in which we clearly reveal that, apart from the pump power, the photon phase variation in RFL is also an analogy to the temperature term in spin-glass phase transition, leading to a novel insight into the intrinsic mechanisms of photonic phase transition. In addition, based on this model and real-time high-fidelity detection spectral evolution, we theoretically predict and experimentally observe the mode-asymmetric characteristics of photonic phase transition in RS-based RFL. This finding contributes to a deeper understanding of the photonic RSB regime and the dynamics of RS-based RFL.

Nutrient combinations exhibit universal antianxiety, antioxidant, neuro-protecting, and memory-improving activities.

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders and, without proper treatment, may lead to severe conditions: e.g., somatic disorders or permanent damage to central nervous system. Although there are drugs in clinical trials, this study focuses on exploring the efficacy of nutrients in treating these diseases. We built different zebrafish models and screened several nutrient combinations for their antianxiety, antioxidant, neuro-protecting, and memory-improving activities. Our results showed that the combinations of nutrients (e.g., Walnut Peptides + Theanine at 14.2 + 33.3 µg/ml) have similar or better activities than the positive control drugs. In addition, we discovered that the effects of the nutrients in the above four aspects were universal and highly related. This study is noteworthy as it suggested that nutrients could be healthier and greener drug alternatives and provide similar or better universal treatments for anxiety and related conditions.

Real-time display camera communication system based on LED displays and smartphones.

Visible light communication based on display and camera can simultaneously provide the functionalities of display and invisible information transmission. There are widely potential applications in information broadcasting, stealth advertising, etc. In this paper, a real-time display camera communication system based on LED displays and smartphones is proposed. To solve the rate mismatch problem and the symbol unsynchronization problem between the LED display panel with a relatively high frame rate and the smartphones' camera with a relatively low frame rate, we propose an Alternate Bit-flipping Repeat Coding scheme for adjustable frame rate matching and symbol synchronization with the advantage of eliminating flickers perceivable to human eyes. Fast image processing algorithms are also designed to decrease the computational complexity of extracting information from the captured video frames in real-time. An experimental system was implemented on a 16×16 points LED display panel with a refresh rate of 150 fps and a commercial Android smartphone with an 8 megapixels camera working at 30 fps and a self-developed Android APP. The experimental results show that the real-time LED display camera communication system can achieve a data transmission rate of 30 bps for one LED display point and a maximum distance of 80 cm, and the computational time on the Android smartphone for data receiving is only 11.827 ms.

Optimization of Alkali Extraction and Properties of Polysaccharides from Ziziphus jujuba cv. Residue.

Ziziphus jujuba cv. Muzao is a plant widely cultivated in the Yellow River Basin of China. It has nutritional and healthcare functions, in which polysaccharides are the main components of its bio-functions. In order to make effective use of Ziziphus jujuba cv. Muzao residue resources and explore new functional food ingredients, the polysaccharide (ZJRP) from Ziziphus jujuba cv. Muzao residues were extracted by sodium hydroxide, and the optimal extraction conditions of ZJRP were obtained by the response surface method. The basic composition and antioxidant effects of ZJRP were determined. The results showed that ZJRP has significant antioxidant activity, mainly reflected in the high DPPH radical scavenging rate, which may be related to their high content of galacturonic acid and the extraction method. In addition, the rheological and thermal properties of ZJRP were respectively determined by a rheometer and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), indicating that they have shear thinning properties and good thermal stability. Results showed that the alkaline extraction method can be used as a potential technique for extracting ZJRP with high antioxidant activity, and ZJRP can be further explored as a functional food ingredient.