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1.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 29(4): 449-456, jul.-ago. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1408006

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: la válvula St. Jude Trifecta® es una bioprótesis diseñada para implante en posición aórtica supraanular. Objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento hemodinámico de la válvula y el estadio clínico de los pacientes, entre 3 a 72 meses luego del implante. Materiales y método: Estudio de cohorte en el que se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años, llevados a cambio valvular aórtico en quienes se implantó una bioprótesis St. Jude Trifecta® entre marzo de 2012 a diciembre de 2018, y se hizo un seguimiento mediante evaluación clínica y ecocardiográfica desde tres meses hasta seis años posquirúrgicos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 165 pacientes, 53.3% hombres. Edad promedio 69.6 años (30-90). El 66.7% con estenosis valvular aórtica y el 21.2% con insuficiencia. El promedio de EuroSCORE II fue 4.18 (0.56-24.35). En el preoperatorio, 60.6%, 29.6% y 9.69% de los pacientes se encontraban en clase funcional NYHA II, III y IV, respectivamente. Luego del implante, el promedio de área del orificio efectivo indexado fue 1.025 cm2/m2 para bioprótesis N.o 19 1.089cm2/m2, 1.085 cm2/m2 y 1.069 cm2/m2 para prótesis N.o 21, 23 y 25, respectivamente. El gradiente medio transvalvular en el posoperatorio inmediato (en sala de cirugía) fue 3.08 mmHg. Durante el seguimiento ecocardiográfico a 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 y 72 meses, el gradiente medio fue de 4.2, 5.7, 6.3, 7.1, 8.3 y 9.1 mmHg, respectivamente. La mortalidad quirúrgica fue del 2.42%. Ningún paciente presentó desproporción prótesis-paciente, accidente cerebrovascular o endocarditis. Durante el tiempo del estudio ninguno ha requerido reintervención por deterioro valvular estructural. Al seguimiento, 83.6% se encontraron en NYHA I. Conclusión: En el grupo estudiado, el reemplazo valvular aórtico con bioprótesis St. Jude Trifecta® demostró excelentes resultados clínicos (NYHA I, 83%) y hemodinámicos (no reoperación por deterioro valvular estructural, bajos gradientes transvalvulares y adecuado orificio efectivo indexado), durante el tiempo de evaluación clínica y ecocardiográfica (3 a 72 meses).


Abstract Background: The St. Jude Trifecta™ valve is a latest generation bioprosthetic designed for supra annular aortic placement. The study main objective is the evaluation of the hemodynamic valve performance and the 3 to 72 months post implantation clinical status of the patients. Method and materials: Cohort study on patients older than 18 years, undergoing aortic valve replacement with St. Jude Trifecta™biological valve prosthesis between march 2012 and december 2018. The follow up was made by clinical evaluation and serial echocardiogram from 3 months to 6 years after surgery. Results: 165 patients where included, 53.3% male. Mean age 69.6 years (30-90). The main indication for valve replacement was aortic stenosis (66.7%). Mean EuroSCORE II was 4.18 (0.56-24.35). Preoperative 60.6%, 29.6% and 9.69% of patients where in New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) II, III and IV respectively. After the surgery, the mean effective orifice area index (IEOA) was 1.025 cm2/m2 for prosthesis N.o 19; 1.089cm2/m2 (prosthesis 21); 1.085 cm2/m2 (prosthesis 23) and 1.069 cm2/m2 (prosthesis 25). The mean transvalvular gradient was 3.08 mmHg at the immediate posoperative period, and the mean gradient at 3,6,12,24,36 and 72 months was 4.2, 5.7, 6.3, 7.1, 8.3 and 9.1 mmHg, respectively. 30 days mortality was 2.42%. None of the patients have a posoperative patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM), neither thromboembolic events or endocarditis. There is no patients with re-operation for structural valve deterioration. After follow up, 83.6% of the patients are in NYHA I functional class. Conclusion: In this Study group, St. Jude Trifecta™ valve for aortic valve replacement provides excellent clinical (NYHA I, 83%) and hemodynamic outcomes (demostrated by no patients with re-operation for structural valve deterioration, a low post operative transvalvular gradients; IEOA that avoid PPM; excellent clinical and echocardiographic outcome during follow up (3 to 72 months).

2.
Rev. colomb. gastroenterol ; 36(1): 39-50, ene.-mar. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251520

RESUMO

Resumen Los parámetros de calidad para endoscopia digestiva alta han introducido indicadores intraprocedimiento, dentro de los cuales la adecuada visibilidad de la mucosa, libre de saliva, moco o burbujas, puede aumentar la posibilidad de detección de lesiones en fase temprana. Sin embargo, el uso de mucolíticos y antiburbujas ha mostrado gran variabilidad de eficiencia según las soluciones, concentraciones, tiempos de exposición y escala de visibilidad aplicados. Objetivos: determinar la efectividad de diferentes soluciones de premedicación para la limpieza de la mucosa digestiva; validar, mediante una prueba de concordancia interobservador, una nueva escala de adecuada visualización de la mucosa (TVMS) para el esófago, estómago y duodeno; y reportar eventos adversos o complicaciones relacionadas con las soluciones utilizadas y los procedimientos realizados. Material y métodos: estudio de cohortes prospectivas comparativas. Se incluyeron 412 pacientes adultos, ASA I y ASA II, para endoscopia diagnóstica bajo sedación consciente, distribuidos en 6 cohortes similares, divididas en dos grupos: no premedicación, 2 cohortes C1 (ayuno de 6 a 8 horas)y C2 (agua 100 mL); premedicación, 4 cohortes C3 a C6 (C3: agua 100 m L + simeticona 1000 mg; C4: agua 100 mL + simeticona 200 mg + N-acetilcisteína 600 mg; C5: agua 100 mL + simeticona 200 mg + N-acetilcisteína 1000 mg; C6: agua 100 mL + simeticona 200 mg + Hedera helix 70 mg). Se ingirió la solución 15 a 30 minutos antes del paso por cricofaríngeo. Se realizó la prueba de Kappa para medir la concordancia interobservador de la escala TVMS. Resultados: De 412 pacientes, 58% fueron de sexo femenino; 23% (136) fue de cohortes C1 y C2 y 67% (276) fue de cohortes C3 a C6. El tiempo medio de exposición a cada solución fue de 24,4 minutos. El volumen de lavado para lograr una adecuada visualización fue significativamente diferente entre ambos grupos: en los pacientes con premedicación se utilizaron 75,6 mL, mientras que en los pacientes sin premedicación se utilizaron 124 mL (p = 0,000), con una calidad de TVMS excelente de 88,7% frente al 41,4%, respectivamente. La cohorte C4 (agua 100 mL + simeticona 200 mg + N-acetilcisteína 600 mg) mostró ser la más efectiva con una diferencia significativa (p = 0,001) frente a C1 (ayuno) y C2 (placebo con agua 100 mL), y también tuvo una eficiencia superior frente a C3, C5 y C6 en su orden. No se presentaron eventos adversos o complicaciones en relación con la endoscopia, la sedación y los productos usados en la premedicación. Conclusiones: la solución más efectiva como premedicación para lograr una excelente visibilidad de la mucosa digestiva correspondió a la cohorte C4 (SIM 200 + NAC 600 + H2O 100 mL). La escala TVMS propuesta es una herramienta muy completa y fácil de aplicar por más de un observador. La premedicación ingerida, con antiburbuja, mucolítico y agua hasta 100 mL, entre 15 y 30 minutos previos a endoscopia, es segura en las condiciones descritas en este estudio.


Abstract Quality parameters for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy have introduced intraprocedural indicators, including adequate mucosal visualization free of saliva, mucus, or bubbles, which may increase the possibility of early-stage injury detection. The use of mucolytics and anti-foaming agents has shown great efficiency variability depending on the type of solution, concentrations, exposure times and visibility scale applied. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of different premedication solutions for cleaning the digestive mucosa; to validate, by means of an interobserver concordance test, a new scale for the adequate visualization of the mucosa (TVMS) for the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum; and to report adverse events or complications associated with the solutions used and the procedures performed. Material and methods: Prospective, comparative cohort study. 412 adult patients, ASA I and ASA II, were included for diagnostic endoscopy under conscious sedation. They were distributed in 6 similar cohorts and divided into two groups: non-premedication, 2 in C1 (fasting 6 to 8 hours) and C2 (water 100 mL) cohorts; premedication, 4 C3 to C6 cohorts (C3: water 100 mL + simethicone 1000 mg; C4: water 100 ml + simethicone 200 mg + N-acetylcysteine 600 mg; C5: water 100 ml + simethicone 200 mg + N-acetylcysteine 1000 mg; C6: water 100 ml + simethicone 200 mg + Hedera helix 70 mg). The solution was swallowed 15 to 30 minutes passing through the cricopharyngeus muscle. The Kappa test was performed to measure interobserver concordance of the TVMS scale. Results: Of 412 patients, 58% were female; 23% (136) were included in the C1 and C2 cohorts; and 67% (276) were in the C3 to C6 cohorts. The average exposure time to each solution was 24.4 minutes. The wash volume for proper visualization was significantly different between the two groups. In premedicated patients, 75.6 mL of solution were used, while in patients without premedication, 124 mL were used (p = 0.000), with an excellent quality of TVMS of 88.7% versus 41.4%, respectively. The C4 cohort (water 100 mL + simethicone 200 mg + N-acetylcysteine 600 mg) was the most effective with a significant difference (p= 0.001) compared with the C1 (fasting) and C2 (placebo with water 100 mL) cohorts. It also had better efficiency compared to the C3, C5 and C6 cohorts in that order. There were no adverse events or complications associated with endoscopy, sedation, or premedication products. Conclusions: The most effective solution as a premedication to achieve excellent visibility of the digestive mucosa was that used in the C4 cohort (SIM 200 + NAC 600 + H2OR 100 mL). The proposed TVMS scale is a very complete and easy tool to apply by more than one observer. Premedication ingested, with anti-foam, mucolytic and water up to 100 mL, between 15 and 30 minutes before endoscopy, is safe under the conditions described in this study.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pré-Medicação , Acetilcisteína , Simeticone , Hedera , Soluções , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal
4.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 44(5): 346-354, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33199128

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) has revolutionised the study of small bowel diseases. The objective of this study is to determine the indications, findings and diagnostic yield of SBCE in a national registry. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An observational, analytical cross-sectional study was carried out, analysing the SBCE records at seven centres in the country, where different variables were collected. RESULTS: 1,883 SBCEs were evaluated. The average age was 55.4 years (5.6-94.2). The most frequent indications were suspicion of small bowel bleeding (SBB) (64.4%), study of Crohn's disease (15.2%) and chronic diarrhoea (11.2%). 54.3% were prepared with laxatives. The most frequent lesions found were erosions/ulcers (31.6%), angioectasias (25.7%) and parasitosis (2.7%). The diagnostic yield (P1+P2, Saurin classification) of SBCE in SBB was 60.6%, being higher in overt SBB (66.0%) compared to occult SBB (56.0%) (P=.003). The studies with better preparation showed higher detection of lesions (93.8% vs. 89.4%) (OR=1.8, CI: 95%: 1.2-2.6; P=.004). The SBCE complication rate was 3.1%, with complete SB visualisation at 96.6% and SB retention rate of 0.7%. 81.5% of SBCEs were performed on an outpatient basis, and presented a greater complete SB visualisation than hospital ones (97.1% vs. 94.3%) (OR=2.1, CI: 95%, 1.2-3.5; P=.008). CONCLUSIONS: The indications, findings and diagnostic performance of SBCEs in Colombia are similar to those reported in the literature, with a high percentage of complete studies and a low rate of complications.


Assuntos
Endoscopia por Cápsula , Enteropatias/patologia , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Colômbia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sistema de Registros , Adulto Jovem
5.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(6): 241-246, 16 mar., 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-161279

RESUMO

Objetivo. Describir los factores que están relacionados con el realce de gadolinio en la resonancia magnética (RM) en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM) con síntomas de recaída. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio observacional de corte transversal, retrospectivo, de pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de EM remitente recurrente o progresiva, que presentaron actividad clínica y a quienes se les realizó resonancia cerebral y medular con contraste durante la fase aguda de los síntomas. Resultados. De los 93 pacientes incluidos, el 70% fueron mujeres, con una edad media de 37 ± 9,6 años. El 90% presentaba un diagnóstico de EM remitente recurrente y el 50% tenía una duración de la enfermedad de al menos cinco años. El 56% presentó actividad clínica de origen medular, y las alteraciones sensitivas fueron las más frecuentes (44%). La mediana de duración de los síntomas fue de seis días (rango: 1-89 días). El 93% requirió tratamiento con metilprednisolona intravenosa durante 3-5 días, que se administró después de realizar los estudios de RM. La presencia de lesiones que realzaran con contraste durante la fase de recaída en los estudios de RM no mostró relación significativa con ninguna de las variables clínicas analizadas y sólo se observó una tendencia con los síntomas asociados (p = 0,07). Conclusiones. La definición de recaída en la EM es clínica. Una RM en la fase de recaída podría ser útil para confirmar la actividad de la enfermedad, pero el realce de gadolinio durante la recaída no se encontró que fuera determinado por la presentación clínica, la localización anatómica o la duración del síntoma (AU)


Aim. To describe the factors that are associated with gadolinium enhancement on MRI in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and symptoms of relapse. Patients and methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study of patients over 18 years diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS, secondary progressive and primary progressive from 2009 to 2014, who had a clinical relapse and underwent brain and spinal resonance with gadolinium during the acute phase of the symptoms. Results. Of the 93 patients enrolled, 70% were women, the average age was 37 ± 9.6 years. 90% had relapsing-remitting MS and 50% had at least 5 years since the diagnosis. The 56% had medullar involvement, being the most frequent sensory disturbances (44%). The median duration of symptoms was 6 days (range: 1-89 days). The 93% required treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone 3-5 days, which was administered after performing MRI studies. No evidence statistical difference in the presence of lesions that gadolinium enhancement on MRI during relapse with any of the clinical variables analyzed and only a tendency was observed with associated symptoms (p = 0.07). Conclusions. The definition of relapse MS is clinic. However, the enhancement of the MRI in the phase of relapse could be useful to confirm the disease’s activity. With this information, could be a useful point on the treatment of these patients with immunomodulatory drugs (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esclerose Múltipla , Gadolínio/administração & dosagem , Esclerose Múltipla/complicações , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Recidiva , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Neuroimagem
6.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 63(2): 123-34, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27174755

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Fungi sensitization correlates with patologies like asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis and dermatitis. In general it is associated with other sensitizations. In Medellin the multisystemic pattern is associated with fungi sensitization. OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical pattern of the fungi sensitization in Medellin. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed the medical records of 897 patients younger than 70 years old with fungi sensitization in the prick test during the period 1 January 2011 to 31 March 2014 in the allergy facility from 2 clinics. We evaluate 16 fungi and the presence of allergic diseases as well as the environmental conditions. RESULTS: Form 897 prick test, 12.8% were positive to fungi, and the most frequent was Candida albicans with 30.4%. Rhinitis were present in 100% of patients, asthma in 46.1%, conjunctivitis in 92.2% and the multisystemic pattern in 9.6%. The multisystemic pattern was associated with younger age with a risk of 9,259, 95% CI: 1.14-74.95 and with Aspergillus fumigatus sensitivity with a risk of 4.381, 95% CI: 1,116-17,204. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of sensitivity was higher with Candida albicans. Most patients were polysensitized. The multisystemic pattern was associated with been younger and with Aspergillus fumigatus sensitivity. From the findings of this study, allergens like Candida and Aspergillus fumigatus should be tested in Medellin.


Antecedentes: la sensibilización a hongos se relaciona con enfermedades alérgicas como: asma, rinitis, conjuntivitis y dermatitis. En general, se asocia con sensibilidad a otros alérgenos. El patrón multisistémico se asoció en Medellín con la sensibilización a hongos. Objetivo: determinar el perfil clínico de la sensibilización a hongos en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Material y método: estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo consistente en la revisión de historias clínicas de pacientes menores de 70 años de edad con sensibilidad a hongos en las pruebas de neumoalergenos realizadas entre el 1 enero de 2011 y el 31 de marzo de 2014 en la consulta de alergología de dos clínicas. Se evaluaron 16 hongos y la coexistencia de enfermedades alérgicas y las condiciones ambientales. Resultados: de 897 pruebas de prick realizadas, 12.8% resultaron positivas a alguno de los hongos, el más frecuente fue Candida albicans con 30.4%. La rinitis se encontró en 100% de los pacientes, asma en 46.1%, conjuntivitis en 92.2% y el patrón mutisistémico en 9.6%. El patrón mutisistémico se asoció con ser joven con riesgo de 9.259, IC 95%: 1.14-74.95 y a estar sensibilizado a Aspergillus fumigatus con un riesgo de 4.381, IC 95%: 1.116-17.204. Conclusiones: el patrón de sensibilidad mostró mayor sensibilidad a Candida. La mayoría de los pacientes está polisensibilizada. El patrón multisistémico es más frecuente en niños, se relaciona con sensibilidad a Aspergillus. Por los hallazgos de este estudio, alérgenos como Candida y Cladosporium deberían evaluarse en Medellín.


Assuntos
Alérgenos/imunologia , Fungos/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade/imunologia , Fatores Etários , Aspergillus fumigatus/imunologia , Asma/imunologia , Asma/microbiologia , Candida albicans/imunologia , Colômbia , Conjuntivite Alérgica/imunologia , Conjuntivite Alérgica/microbiologia , Humanos , Rinite/imunologia , Rinite/microbiologia , Testes Cutâneos/estatística & dados numéricos
7.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res ; 35: 64, 2016 Apr 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27044543

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: B-Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) represents a hematologic malignancy with poor clinical outcome and low survival rates in adult patients. Remission rates in Hispanic population are almost 30% lower and Overall Survival (OS) nearly two years inferior than those reported in other ethnic groups. Only 61% of Colombian adult patients with ALL achieve complete remission (CR), median overall survival is 11.3 months and event-free survival (EFS) is 7.34 months. Identification of prognostic factors is crucial for the application of proper treatment strategies and subsequently for successful outcome. Our goal was to identify a gene expression signature that might correlate with response to therapy and evaluate the utility of these as prognostic tool in hispanic patients. METHODS: We included 43 adult patients newly diagnosed with B-ALL. We used microarray analysis in order to identify genes that distinguish poor from good response to treatment using differential gene expression analysis. The expression profile was validated by real-time PCR (RT-PCT). RESULTS: We identified 442 differentially expressed genes between responders and non-responders to induction treatment. Hierarchical analysis according to the expression of a 7-gene signature revealed 2 subsets of patients that differed in their clinical characteristics and outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that response to induction treatment and clinical outcome of Hispanic patients can be predicted from the onset of the disease and that gene expression profiles can be used to stratify patient risk adequately and accurately. The present study represents the first that shows the gene expression profiling of B-ALL Colombian adults and its relevance for stratification in the early course of disease.


Assuntos
Hispânico ou Latino/genética , Cadeias J de Imunoglobulina/genética , Proteína 1 Inibidora de Diferenciação/genética , Proteínas Inibidoras de Diferenciação/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/etnologia , Regulação para Cima , Adulto , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos/métodos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/genética , Indução de Remissão , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
8.
World J Emerg Med ; 5(4): 275-8, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25548601

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mild to moderate musculoskeletal trauma is a common cause for an emergency room visit, and frequent pain is one of the cardinal symptoms of consultation. The objective of this study is to assess the perception of a single subcutaneous dose of 50 mg tramadol for pain management in patients with mild to moderate musculoskeletal trauma, likewise to appraise the perception of pain by subcutaneous injection. METHODS: A total of 77 patients, who met inclusion criteria, received a single subcutaneous dose of tramadol. Pain control was evaluated based on the verbal numerical pain scale (0-10) at baseline, 20 and 60 minutes; similarly, pain perception was evaluated secondary to subcutaneous injection of the analgesic. RESULTS: On admission, the average pain perceived by patients was 8; twenty minutes later, 89% of the patients reported five or less, and after sixty minutes, 94% had three or less on the verbal numerical pain scale. Of the patients, 88% reported pain perception by verbal numeric scale of 3 or less by injection of the drug, and 6.5% required a second analgesic for pain control. Two events with drug administration (soft tissue infection and mild abdominal rectus injection) were reported. CONCLUSION: We conclude that a single subcutaneous dose of tramadol is a safe and effective option for the management of patients with mild to moderate pain and musculoskeletal disease in the emergency department.

9.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 43(2): 66-72, abr. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-717033

RESUMO

Introducción: Presentar fobia social podría inducir al consumo de alcohol para tener mayor asertividad social, corriendo el riesgo de convertir dicho consumo en trastorno por abuso o dependencia al alcohol. El objetivo del estudio es estimar la prevalencia de comorbilidad entre fobia social y consumo patológico de alcohol en adultos de la ciudad de Medellín y el comportamiento de la comorbilidad según el género, edad, presencia de figura paterna en la niñez y nivel educativo. Metodología: Análisis secundario de la base de datos del Primer Estudio Poblacional de Salud Mental realizado en la ciudad de Medellín en los años 2011-2012 basado en la metodología que guió al Estudio Mundial de Salud Mental coordinado por la OMS-HARVARD. Resultados: La prevalencia de vida para abuso y dependencia en quienes tienen fobia social fue del 24,1% y 11,2% respectivamente. Para personas sin fobia social las prevalencias fueron del 13% para abuso y 4,4% para dependencia (OR = 2,11 para abuso; OR = 2,46 para dependencia). La prevalencia anual de personas con fobia social que abusen o dependan de alcohol, fue de 7,8% y 5,9% respectivamente frente a los que no padecen del trastorno con prevalencias del 3,4% y 1,7% (OR = 2,39 para abuso y OR = 3,57 para dependencia). Discusión: Se encontró asociación muy significativa en las prevalencias de vida y anual entre fobia social y el consumo patológico de alcohol. De igual manera se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa respecto a las variables asociadas a la fobia social; sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para confirmar o rechazar estas asociaciones.


Introduction: Having a social phobia may lead to consuming alcohol for greater social assertiveness, running the risk of leading to an abuse disorder or alcohol dependence. The aim of the study was to estimate prevalence of pathological comorbidity between social phobia and alcohol consumption in adults of the city of Medellin, and the behavior of comorbidity by gender, age, presence of a father figure in childhood, and education. Methods: Secondary analysis of the database of the first Mental Health Population Survey conducted in the city of Medellin in 2011 and 2012 based on the methodology of the World Mental Health Survey guidelines and coordinated by WHO-HARVARD. Results: The lifetime prevalence of abuse and dependence in people with social phobia was 24.1% and 11.2%, respectively. For people with social phobia the prevalence was 13% for abuse and 4.4% for dependence (OR = 2.11 for abuse, OR = 2.46 for dependence). Annual prevalence of people with social phobia who abused or were dependent on alcohol was 7.8% and 5.9%, respectively, compared to those who do not suffer from this disorder, with a prevalence of 3.4% and 1.7%, respectively (OR = 2.39 for abuse and OR = 3.57 for dependence). Discussion: There was significant correlation in the annual and lifetime prevalence between social phobia and the pathological consumption of alcohol. Statistically significant relationships were found for the variables associated with social phobia, however, more work is needed to confirm or refute these associations.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Alcoolismo , Fobia Social , Comportamento , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Saúde Mental , Etanol , Identidade de Gênero
10.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr ; 43(2): 66-72, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26574960

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Having a social phobia may lead to consuming alcohol for greater social assertiveness, running the risk of leading to an abuse disorder or alcohol dependence. The aim of the study was to estimate prevalence of pathological comorbidity between social phobia and alcohol consumption in adults of the city of Medellin, and the behavior of comorbidity by gender, age, presence of a father figure in childhood, and education. METHODS: Secondary analysis of the database of the first Mental Health Population Survey conducted in the city of Medellin in 2011 and 2012 based on the methodology of the World Mental Health Survey guidelines and coordinated by WHO-HARVARD. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of abuse and dependence in people with social phobia was 24.1% and 11.2%, respectively. For people with social phobia the prevalence was 13% for abuse and 4.4% for dependence (OR=2.11 for abuse, OR=2.46 for dependence). Annual prevalence of people with social phobia who abused or were dependent on alcohol was 7.8% and 5.9%, respectively, compared to those who do not suffer from this disorder, with a prevalence of 3.4% and 1.7%, respectively (OR=2.39 for abuse and OR=3.57 for dependence). DISCUSSION: There was significant correlation in the annual and lifetime prevalence between social phobia and the pathological consumption of alcohol. Statistically significant relationships were found for the variables associated with social phobia, however, more work is needed to confirm or refute these associations.

11.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 20(4): 246-251, jul.-ago. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-696616

RESUMO

Objetivo: describir las características epidemiológicas y los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de los defectos septales atriales en los pacientes intervenidos por esta patología en un centro de alta complejidad en Colombia. Métodos: estudio observacional de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo, de una cohorte que incluye todos los pacientes intervenidos mediante cirugía por defectos septales atriales en el periodo comprendido entre octubre de 1996 y julio de 2012. Resultados: se incluyeron en total 329 pacientes, de los cuales 216 (65,6%) pertenecía al género femenino. La mediana de la edad fue de 34 años (RIC 15-49). El 77,8% de los defectos fueron tipo ostium secundum. En 80% se realizó reparo del defecto mediante parche de pericardio autólogo. En 7,6% de los casos se utilizó técnica de cirugía cardiaca mínimamente invasiva. Se realizaron cuatro cirugías de rescate (1,21%) por complicaciones relacionadas con la colocación de dispositivos percutáneos. Se documentó una sola muerte intraoperatoria (tasa de mortalidad del 0,3%) y una morbilidad global asociada de 7,6%, sin ninguna secuela y representada por: reintervención por sangrado en ocho casos (2,4%), infección profunda de la herida esternal en tres pacientes (0,9%), empiema en tres pacientes (0,9%), colecciones pleurales residuales en cuatro pacientes (1,2%), infecciones superficiales en cinco pacientes (1,5%), disección arterial femoral secundaria a canulación arterial en un paciente (0,3%) y bloqueo cardiaco completo con necesidad de marcapaso permanente en un paciente (0,3%). La mediana del tiempo de estancia en UCI fue de 24 horas (RIC 20 – 25). La mediana del tiempo de ventilación mecánica fue de 3 horas (RIC 0-5). La mediana del tiempo de estancia hospitalaria fue de 4 días (RIC 3-5). Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos reflejan que en nuestro medio la corrección quirúrgica de los defectos septales atriales es segura y efectiva, con una tasa de mortalidad con tendencia al 0% y una muy baja morbilidad asociada, acorde con los estándares internacionales. De igual forma, la cirugía cardiaca mínimamente invasiva ha permitido mejorar los resultados del procedimiento y ha tenido gran aceptación por parte de los pacientes, por lo que constituye el abordaje de elección actual para el manejo quirúrgico de esta patología en el servicio de Cardiología de la institución.


Objective: to describe the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of surgical treatment of atrial septal defects in patients operated for this condition on a tertiary care center in Colombia. Methods: an observational, descriptive, retrospective study of a cohort including all patients undergoing surgery for atrial septal defects in the period between October 1996 and July 2012. Results: we included a total of 329 patients, were 216 (65.6%) were female. The mean age was 34 years (IQR 15-49). 77.8% of the defects were ostium secundum type. In 80% the defect repair was performed using autologous pericardial patch. In 7.6% of cases we used minimally invasive cardiac surgery technique. Four rescue surgeries (1.21%) were performed due to complications related to the placement of percutaneous devices. We documented only one operative death (mortality rate 0.3%) and an associated overall morbidity of 7.6% without any sequelae and represented by re-operation for bleeding in eight cases (2.4%), deep sternal wound infection in three patients (0.9%), empyema in three patients (0.9%), residual pleural collections in four patients (1.2%), superficial infections in five patients (1.5%), femoral arterial dissection secondary to arterial cannulation in one patient (0.3%) and complete heart block requiring permanent pacemaker in one patient (0.3%). The median length of stay in ICU was 24 hours (IQR 20-25). The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 3 hours (IQR 0-5). The median hospital stay was 4 days (IQR 3-5). Conclusions: the results obtained show that in our environment, surgical correction of atrial septal defects is safe and effective, with a mortality rate tending to 0% and a very low associated morbidity, in line with international standards. Similarly, minimally invasive cardiac surgery has improved the results of the procedure and has been widely accepted by the patients, thus constituting the current preferred approach in the Cardiology service of the institution for the surgical management of this pathology.


Assuntos
Septo Interatrial , Cirurgia Torácica , Morbidade , Mortalidade
12.
Rev Neurol ; 55(9): 520-7, 2012 Nov 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23111990

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: An appropriate localization of ictal onset zone in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy favors an adequate outcome associated with surgical treatment. When video-electroencephalogram (video-EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging do not provide accurate data to locate ictal onset zone, the use of subdural or deep intracranial electrodes is indicated. Hippocampal electrode placement could generate functional changes in an unaffected hippocampus. AIM: To describe mnesic changes in patients admitted for epilepsy surgery, with previous bilateral hippocampal implantation using depth electrodes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We identified eight patients undergoing video-EEG using bilateral hippocampal electrodes. Verbal and nonverbal mnesic performance was evaluated before/after the procedure. The following aspects were considered for the analysis: memory lateralization according to intracarotid amobarbital test (Wada test), invasive ictal onset zone, side of resection and pattern of electrocorticographic dissemination. RESULTS: In patients with memory dominance, contralateral to the ictal onset zone, there was an improvement in verbal and nonverbal memory, suggesting that invasive recordings did not impair mnesic skills of the unaffected hippocampus. In patients with bilateral representation of memory, ipsilateral mnesic impairment was associated with the resection. Contralateral improvement in memory was seen when the right side was resected, as opposed to no changes with resections made on the left side, indicating that electrode implantation of unaffected hippocampus did not generate a functional decline. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the preservation of verbal and nonverbal memory after depth electrode placement, invasive recordings of the hippocampus seem to be safe.


Assuntos
Eletrodos Implantados , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/cirurgia , Hipocampo/cirurgia , Transtornos da Memória/prevenção & controle , Rememoração Mental/fisiologia , Reconhecimento Visual de Modelos/fisiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Aprendizagem Verbal/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Amobarbital , Lobectomia Temporal Anterior , Artéria Carótida Interna , Dominância Cerebral , Eletrodos Implantados/efeitos adversos , Eletroencefalografia , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/fisiopatologia , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/psicologia , Feminino , Lateralidade Funcional , Hipocampo/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Injeções Intra-Arteriais , Masculino , Transtornos da Memória/etiologia , Transtornos da Memória/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/psicologia , Adulto Jovem
13.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 55(9): 520-527, 1 nov., 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-107539

RESUMO

Introducción. La correcta estimación de la zona de inicio ictal en epilepsias refractarias del lóbulo temporal favorece el pronóstico de los tratamientos quirúrgicos. Cuando el videoelectroencefalograma (video-EEG) y la resonancia magnética no aportan datos certeros para localizar la zona de inicio de las crisis, es indicado el uso de electrodos intracraneales, sean subdurales o profundos. La implantación de electrodos hipocampales podría generar cambios funcionales del hipocampo sano. Objetivo. Describir posibles cambios mnésicos en pacientes sometidos a cirugía, con previa implantación de electrodos hipocampales bilaterales. Pacientes y métodos. Se seleccionaron ocho pacientes sometidos a video-EEG con electrodos hipocampales bilaterales. Se evaluó el desempeño mnésico verbal y no verbal antes y después, teniendo en cuenta para el análisis la lateralización de la memoria según la prueba de amobarbital intracarotídeo, zona de inicio ictal invasiva, lado de la resección y patrón de diseminación electrocorticográfico. Resultados. En pacientes con dominancia en la memoria contralateral a la zona de inicio ictal invasiva, se observó mejoría en la memoria verbal y no verbal, lo que sugiere que el registro invasivo no deterioró las habilidades mnésicas del hipocampo sano. Pacientes con representación bilateral de memoria experimentan deterioro mnésico ipsilateral a la cirugía, con mejoría en la memoria contralateral cuando la cirugía es derecha y preservación de ésta cuando es izquierda, lo que indica que la implantación del electrodo en el hipocampo sano no generó un deterioro funcional. Conclusiones. El registro invasivo en los hipocampos es seguro en cuanto a la preservación de la memoria verbal y no verbal (AU)


Introduction. An appropriate localization of ictal onset zone in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy favors an adequate outcome associated with surgical treatment. When video-electroencephalogram (video-EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging do not provide accurate data to locate ictal onset zone, the use of subdural or deep intracranial electrodes is indicated. Hippocampal electrode placement could generate functional changes in an unaffected hippocampus. Aim. To describe mnesic changes in patients admitted for epilepsy surgery, with previous bilateral hippocampal implantation using depth electrodes. Patients and methods. We identified eight patients undergoing video-EEG using bilateral hippocampal electrodes. Verbal and nonverbal mnesic performance was evaluated before /after the procedure. The following aspects were considered for the analysis: memory lateralization according to intracarotid amobarbital test (Wada test), invasive ictal onset zone, side of resection and pattern of electrocorticographic dissemination. Results. In patients with memory dominance, contralateral to the ictal onset zone, there was an improvement in verbal and nonverbal memory, suggesting that invasive recordings did not impair mnesic skills of the unaffected hippocampus. In patients with bilateral representation of memory, ipsilateral mnesic impairment was associated with the resection. Contralateral improvement in memory was seen when the right side was resected, as opposed to no changes with resections made on the left side, indicating that electrode implantation of unaffected hippocampus did not generate a functional decline. Conclusions. Based on the preservation of verbal and nonverbal memory after depth electrode placement, invasive recordings of the hippocampus seem to be safe (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Memória/fisiologia , Aprendizagem Verbal/fisiologia , Epilepsias Parciais/cirurgia , Eletrodos Implantados , Eletroencefalografia/métodos , Hipocampo
14.
Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 40(3): 177-182, jul.-oct. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-663757

RESUMO

El bloqueo facetario es un procedimiento usado en aquellos pacientes con artrosis facetaria en los cuales han fallado los múltiples tratamientos médicos. En nuestro país se desconocen estudios o estadísticas que demuestren su efectividad, por lo que se consideró pertinente demostrarlo. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo de una cohorte de pacientes intervenidos en el período comprendido entre enero de 2005 y diciembre de 2009 en la Clínica CES. Se recolectó información de las historias clínicas mediante un formulario diseñado para tal fin; además se relacionó la existencia de mejoría del paciente posterior a la intervención con edad, sexo, ocupación, tiempo de evolución, síntomas motores y sensitivos previos y enfermedades asociadas. La población fue de 232 pacientes entre 21 y 92 años, con una edad promedio de 56,9 (± 14,6) años, con un tiempo de evolución del dolor lumbar de 2 años en el 40% de la población estudiada. La resonancia magnética fue el estudio más utilizado previo al procedimiento en 42,2% de los pacientes, la tomografía en 38,31% y los rayos X en 7,46%. El procedimiento fue eficaz en el 78% de los pacientes. En conclusión, el bloqueo facetario es un método terapéutico, ya que se vio mejoría de la sintomatología en la mayoría de los pacientes estudiados. Esto es coherente con otros estudios realizados, donde también se ha evidenciado disminución de las limitaciones físicas y funcionales de los pacientes. Además, es un procedimiento diagnóstico ya que la mejoría con esta técnica indica que la patología sí era facetaria.


Facet block is a procedure used in patients with facet arthrosis in which several other medical techniques have failed. In our country, there is no evidence or studies regarding its efficacy, thus the interest in its demonstration. A retrospective observational cohort study was carried out on patients intervened between January 2005 and December 2009 at Clínica CES. Data was collected from the patient's clinical records by means of a survey designed for that purpose. Also, positive clinical outcomes were correlated to age, gender, occupation, evolution time, motor and sensitive symptoms as well as comorbidities. The sample included 232 patients between the ages of 21 and 92, with an average age of 56.9 (± 14.6) years, and a lumbar pain evolution time of 2 years in 40% of the individuals in the sample. The most commonly used imaging test before the procedure was magnetic resonance imaging in 42.2% of patients, computed tomography scan was used in 38.31% and X-rays in 7.46%. The procedure was effective in 78% of patients. In sum, facet block is a therapeutic method, given that most patients improved after its completion. These findings are consistent with other studies that have showed a decrease in physical and functional limitations of the patients. Besides, improvement of the patient's state confirms a lumbar facet syndrome, so it is a diagnostic procedure as well.


Assuntos
Humanos
16.
CES med ; 23(2): 91-97, jul.-dic. 2009. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-565227

RESUMO

En este artículo se esbozan dos aspectos clave de la realidad mundial presente y se introduce una contribución de avanzada a la gestión de salud, por cada uno de los componentes del título y deliberadamente sin secuencia: un modelo de pensamiento diferente -en resonancia con la cultura contemporánea-, aparte de sensible, integrador y realista, vigente, el humanismo científico; un nuevo grupo de ciencias, que devinieron de las básicas y de la materia, no de las sociales o humanas como erróneamente se cree, hasta ahora con más experimentación que teoría, en conjunto llamadas ciencia de la complejidad; y una personal: el Sistema de Índices de Gestión por Calidad para las Organizaciones de Salud, SIGNOS, pensado desde los anteriores y a desarrollar con métodos innovadores que amplíen sus potencialidades. Dos grandes rumbos y un pequeño paso que corroboran el hecho de que el mundo cambió… e inspiran otro tanto.


This article sketches two key aspects of present world reality and introduces one advance contributions to health system procedures. For each of the titles components and intentionally without sequence: a different thought model in accordance to the contemporary culture, apart from sensible, realistic or integrating, still remaining: Scientific Humanism; a new group of sciences that originated from basics and matter not from soci al or human as wrongly is believed, up until now with more experience than theory, as a whole named Science of Complexity; and the personal one, the Index System of Procedures for Health Organizations Quality, SIGNS, think from the previous for to develop by innovator methods that increase your potentialities. Two mayor directions and a small step that corroborate the fact that the world changed… and inspired further more


Assuntos
Gestão em Saúde , Serviços de Saúde , Humanismo , Pós-Modernismo
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