RESUMO
We aimed to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of turmeric and chitosan against the planktonic and biofilm forms of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. A group of MDR bacteria, including clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae, were collected by phenotypic and genotypic assays. The broth microdilution method was used to investigate the MIC of turmeric aqueous extract and chitosan. To investigate the synergistic effect of the combination of these natural compounds, we used the checkerboard assay. According to the results of this study, turmeric and chitosan showed inhibitory effects on MDR bacteria, especially on the planktonic form of methicillin-resistant S. aureus as a Gram-positive compared to tested Gram-negative bacteria (carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae). The antibiofilm effect of turmeric and chitosan was found more often in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas isolates. There was no significant difference between the tested Gram-negative bacteria because most of the tested strains were inhibited in 512 and 1024 µg/mL concentrations of chitosan and turmeric aqueous extract. In this study, turmeric aqueous extract and chitosan exhibited significant antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. However, the effect of these compounds should be investigated using in vivo models for use in pharmaceutical and disinfectant formulations.
RESUMO
Planning to control tuberculosis requires identification of dominant strains in the region, transmission patterns and risk factors that are possible by using molecular genotyping techniques. The aim of this study is to determine the transmission of tuberculosis in the northwest of Iran in order to better understand the spread of disease in northwest of Iran. In this study, 194 positive mycobacterium cultivars in northwest of Iran were investigated using exact tandem repeat-variable number tandem repeats (ETR-VNTR) method. The ETR-VNTR method was identified 55 different patterns in 194 isolates, which contained 25 clusters and 30 unique patterns, and the largest cluster had 33 isolates, and discriminatory power of ETRVNTR method was determined 0.9322 in the examined samples. There are strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis located in the northwest of Iran that infect people, and ETRVNTR method can be used as a first-line method to examine the dynamics of tuberculosis transmission.
RESUMO
@#Planning to control tuberculosis requires identification of dominant strains in the region, transmission patterns and risk factors that are possible by using molecular genotyping techniques. The aim of this study is to determine the transmission of tuberculosis in the northwest of Iran in order to better understand the spread of disease in northwest of Iran. In this study, 194 positive mycobacterium cultivars in northwest of Iran were investigated using exact tandem repeat-variable number tandem repeats (ETR-VNTR) method. The ETR-VNTR method was identified 55 different patterns in 194 isolates, which contained 25 clusters and 30 unique patterns, and the largest cluster had 33 isolates, and discriminatory power of ETRVNTR method was determined 0.9322 in the examined samples. There are strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis located in the northwest of Iran that infect people, and ETRVNTR method can be used as a first-line method to examine the dynamics of tuberculosis transmission.
