[Use of a methodology to assess a risk at the stage of substantiating the choice of a ground area for placing industrial enterprises].

Human health risk was screened at the stage of supporting the choice of a building site for a petroleum refinery. Based on the calculated exposure levels, the risk to the Buguruslan population was characterized under different conditions: without consideration for the impact of the projected enterprise; with consideration for the pollutants contained in the emissions of the projected enterprise; at the border of an apartment block and at that of an estimated control area in five receptor points. The assessment of a human risk has revealed that the industrial enterprise cannot be sited on this territory and the estimated control area is inadequate due to the high carcinogenic and toxic risk from the formed emission of the projected enterprise.

[Malignancy monitoring in the pediatric population of the Orenburg Region].

The paper gives the results of a retrospective epidemiological survey for malignances in the pediatric population of the Orenburg Region in 1995 to 2007. The average long-term morbidity rates were determined by the main (central, western, eastern) areas of the region; the areas were ranked by the malignancy morbidity rates among the pediatric population as a whole and by nosological entities. The authors provide the structural characteristics of cancer in the Orenburg Region as compared with the general Russian data.

[Estimating the hazard of toxic exposure of the population living in the area of the Orenburg gas-chemical complex to specific pollutants]. / Otsenka opasnosti toksicheskogo vozdeistviia spetsificheskikh polliutantov na naselenie, prozhivaiushchee v zone Orenburgskogo gazokhimicheskogo kompleksa.

Health anomalies in children are induced by environmental contamination with pollutants specific for this region due to the long-term running of the Orenburg gas-chemical complex. On assessing the health hazard of exposure to non-carcinogenic chemicals, the authors used such variable as the hazard coefficient. Estimations indicated that the hazard coefficient of non-carcinogenic effects was greater than the allowable level with reference to hydrogen sulfide in all areas under study, as shown by the data of stationary posts. According to the data of route studies, the hazard coefficient exceeded 1 with reference to hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen dioxide. Thus, upon exposure to specific air pollutants, such hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen dioxide, even at the concentrations below the maximum allowable concentration there is an increased hazard of their toxic effect on the population.

[Hygienic aspects of air pollution by sulfur-containing compounds]. / Gigienicheskie aspekty zagriazneniia atmosfernogo vozdukha serosoderzhashchimi soedineniiami.

The physiological and biochemical states of children and adults who resided in the vicinity of the sulphide-containing gas processing plant were studied. The chemical agents emitted by the plant were found to have adverse effects of the children's functional status, namely, decreased vital capacity of the lung, mental performance, retarded sensomotor responses, altered enzymatic system activity.

[Comprehensive hygienic assessment of environmental pollution in rural localities in the area affected by the Orenburg gas processing plant]. / Kompleksnaia gigienicheskaia otsenka zagriazneniia okruzhaiushchei sredy sel'skikh naselennykh punktov v zone vliianiia Orenburgskogo gazopererabatyvaiushchego zavoda.

Comprehensive analysis of environmental pollution was made in 15 rural settlements of Orenburgsky and Perevolotsky districts located in the vicinity of gas-processing works. The ambient air, the blanket of snow, and drinking water were assessed for pollution. The drinking water and ambient air in vicinity of the works were found to be polluted by toxic substances.

[Experience in the undergraduate training of ophthalmologists]. / Opyt podgotovki spetsialistov-oftal'mologov v subordinature.

The authors present their experience gained in the training of ophthalmologists at the Chair of Ocular Diseases of the Krasnoyarsk Medical Institute. In 1991 the interns, instead of traditional state examinations, maintained their diploma research, which was assessed as their skills and knowledge in the field of ocular diseases, social hygiene, and public health organization. The authors prove that such diploma research is an integral part of undergraduate training and one of the types of individual work at higher educational institutions, and enumerate the topics of diploma research.