Socio-demographic differences in adherence to evidence-based drug therapy after hospital discharge from acute myocardial infarction: a population-based cohort study in Rome, Italy.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Adherence to evidence-based drug therapy after acute myocardial infarction has increased over the last decades, but is still unsatisfactory. Our objectives are to set out to analyse patterns of evidence-based drug therapy after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and evaluating socio-demographic differences. METHODS: A cohort of 3920 AMI patients discharged from hospital in Rome (2006-2007) was selected. Drugs claimed during the 12 months after discharge were retrieved. Drug utilization was defined as density of use (boxes claimed/individual follow-up; chronic use = 6+ boxes/365 days) and therapeutic coverage, calculated through Defined Daily Doses (chronic use: ≥80% of individual follow-up). Patterns of use of single drugs and their combination were described. The association between poly-therapy and gender, age and socio-economic position (small-area composite index based on census data) was analysed through logistic regression, accounting for potential confounders. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Most patients used single drugs: 90·5% platelet aggregation inhibitors (antiplatelets), 60·0%ß-blockers, 78·1% agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system (ACEIs/ARBs), 77·8% HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins). Percentages of patients with ≥80% of therapeutic coverage were 81·9% for antiplatelets, 17·8% for ß-blockers, 64·4% for ACEIs/ARBs and 76·1% for statins. The multivariate analysis showed gender and age differences in adherence to poly-therapy (females: OR = 0·84; 95% CI 0·72-0·99; 71-80 years age-group: OR = 0·82; 95% CI 0·68-0·99). No differences were observed with respect to socio-economic position. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: The availability of information systems offers the opportunity to monitor the quality of care and identify weaknesses in public health-care systems. Our results identify specific factors contributing to non-adherence and hence define areas for more targeted health-care interventions. Our results suggest that efforts to improve adherence should focus on women and older patients.

[Performance indicators: INCA (cardiovascular indicators) project]. / Indicatori di performance: progetto INCA (INdicatori CArdiovascolari).

The objective of INCA project was the development and implementation of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI type ST elevation) process and outcome indicators for the regional cardiology units, testing the possibility of using regional healthcare information data to evaluate the quality of provided healthcare within the regional healthcare accreditation process. The project is introduced by an overview of major concepts of evaluating and managing quality of healthcare. We performed a literature review of structure, process and outcome indicators in cardiology and of accreditation standards for cardiology at national and international level. Through consensus procedures and according to international evidence based literature a set of 18 process and outcome indicators for AMI was defined. A specific procedure for data collection has been developed. Education and training of participants on procedures, quality and accreditation was achieved. Expected verifiable end-points have been achieved over a three months period of data collecting throughout 21 cardiology units, differentiated for level of complexity and location, for a total of 409 clinical observed cases of AMI. Analysis of data was followed by the diffusion of results. Successful data collection of clinical performance indicators on a regional basis was achieved. Participants have been trained to quality sciences. Results will be useful to evaluate and design implementation strategies of regional accreditation of health care services within a shared framework. Benchmarking within Regional hospital cardiology care services will be developed following self evaluation and continuous quality improvement cycle activities.