RESUMO
Nurses and allied health professionals have the unique opportunity to become empowered through evidence-based practice (EBP) to make significant differences in the lives of patients and their families. Best practices in patient care occur only when staff continually ask questions about treatments and care, search for and evaluate the evidence to support or refute traditional practices, implement best evidence, and evaluate the effectiveness of the evidence as it applies to nursing care. This article presents the establishment of a formal program to teach EBP skills to pediatric nurses and other health care providers at a major children's hospital.
Assuntos
Medicina Baseada em Evidências/educação , Capacitação em Serviço/métodos , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/educação , Currículo , Humanos , Capacitação em Serviço/organização & administração , Cultura Organizacional , Desenvolvimento de Programas , TexasRESUMO
There is increasing effort in promoting evidence-based practice (EBP) that supports the best possible care to patients and families. This article describes essential concepts for developing an environment of EBP and its implementation at a large pediatric hospital. Essential components for creating an EBP environment include vision, engagement, integration, and evaluation. An institutional initiative to decrease procedure-related pain demonstrates how EBP is used to improve clinical care.
RESUMO
There is increasing effort in promoting evidence-based practice (EBP) that supports the best possible care to patients and families. This article describes essential concepts for developing an environment of EBP and its implementation at a large pediatric hospital. Essential components for creating an EBP environment include vision, engagement, integration, and evaluation. An institutional initiative to decrease procedure-related pain demonstrates how EBP is used to improve clinical care.
Assuntos
Difusão de Inovações , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/organização & administração , Ambiente de Instituições de Saúde/organização & administração , Hospitais Pediátricos/organização & administração , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/organização & administração , Eficiência Organizacional , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/educação , Humanos , Modelos de Enfermagem , Modelos Organizacionais , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/educação , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/educação , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/organização & administração , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Cultura Organizacional , Objetivos Organizacionais , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração , Dor/diagnóstico , Dor/etiologia , Dor/prevenção & controle , Assistência Centrada no Paciente/organização & administração , Enfermagem Pediátrica/educação , Enfermagem Pediátrica/organização & administração , Flebotomia/efeitos adversos , Competência Profissional , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração , TexasRESUMO
A commonly stated reason for dissatisfaction among nurses is that their input regarding patient care and suggestions for improvement in the workplace environment are not solicited or recognized. Nurses can have an active voice in their practice by using the five steps for implementing EBP and being involved in the process of EBP within the work setting. Pediatric nurses have the unique opportunity to become empowered and make a significant difference in their patients' and family's lives by continually asking questions about treatments and care, searching for and evaluating the evidence to support or refute traditional practices, implementing best practice, and evaluating the effectiveness of the evidence as it applies to nursing practice.
Assuntos
Medicina Baseada em Evidências/métodos , Hospitais Pediátricos , Enfermagem Pediátrica/métodos , Desenvolvimento de Pessoal/métodos , Criança , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/organização & administração , Humanos , Serviços de Informação , Armazenamento e Recuperação da Informação , Internet , Literatura de Revisão como AssuntoRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to develop and test three instruments to measure fatigue in children with cancer from the perspectives of the child, parents and staff. The study consisted of three phases: instrument development, content validation, and estimations of psychometric properties of the three fatigue instruments. One hundred forty-nine children between the ages of 7-12 years presently receiving chemotherapy for cancer, 147 parents and 124 staff participated in this study. The instruments demonstrated strong initial validity and reliability estimates. This study is the first to provide valid and reliable instruments to measure fatigue in children with cancer.
Assuntos
Fadiga/diagnóstico , Fadiga/etiologia , Corpo Clínico , Neoplasias/complicações , Pais , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Anemia is a hematologic abnormality commonly discussed during the treatment of childhood cancer, but its incidence has not been previously reported. As the basis for determining the incidence of anemia, this retrospective review of medical records combined databases containing the records of all patients 1 to 18 years of age with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Hodgkin disease, Ewing sarcoma, or osteosarcoma from two pediatric oncology centers. Data from 405 patients were included in the analysis of hemoglobin at the time of diagnosis. Across diagnoses, 51% to 74% of patients were anemic using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention age- and sex-specific values to define anemia. The long-term complications of anemia in children with cancer are unknown. Further investigation of the clinical significance of anemia, including its impact on quality of life, is warranted.
