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1.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis ; 68(4): 416-21, 2010 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20884153

RESUMO

The aim of the present study was to evaluate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as an alternative tool for diagnosing schistosomiasis in individuals with low-level parasite burden from areas of low endemicity or under occasional risk of infection by Schistosoma mansoni. A total of 102 samples were tested in this study using 2 PCR assays utilizing distinct primer pairs. One of the primer pairs was targeted to a highly repeated 121-base pair sequence of S. mansoni, and the other was targeted to Schistosoma 28S rDNA. The samples were divided into 4 groups according to parasite burden of the individual as follows: 16 individuals with schistosomiasis excreting less than 10 eggs per gram of feces (EPG), 18 individuals excreting higher than 10 EPG, 22 individuals with reactive IgG-ELISA against S. mansoni soluble membrane antigen and negative coproscopy, and 46 controls samples including 25 individuals with other intestinal parasites and 21 individuals with negative parasitologic examination. The results obtained with stool samples from individuals with schistosomiasis showed a high sensitivity for PCR as S. mansoni DNA was detected in 91% (31/34) of the samples analyzed. No amplification was observed in 3 stool samples from individuals excreting below 10 EPG. The specificity of the test for both pairs of primers was 100%. In the group of seropositive individuals, S. mansoni DNA was detected in 59% (13/22) of fecal samples, corroborating the serologic results. Overall, PCR can be an important tool for detecting S. mansoni infection in individuals excreting few eggs in feces. Moreover, the determination of the infection through the detection of S. mansoni DNA in stool samples from seropositive individuals represents a new means of confirming the results of IgG-ELISA for schistosomiasis. Therefore, studies in this direction should be encouraged and extended.


Assuntos
DNA de Helmintos/análise , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Schistosoma mansoni/genética , Esquistossomose mansoni/diagnóstico , Animais , Primers do DNA , DNA de Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas/métodos , Schistosoma mansoni/isolamento & purificação , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
2.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 11(3): 365-70, 2007 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17684641

RESUMO

Amebiasis is an infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica. However, differentiation between E. histolytica and Entamoeba dispar, which are morphologically identical species, is essential for treatment decision, precaution of the invasive disease and public health. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a Multiplex -PCR for detection and differentiation of E. histolytica from E. dispar from fresh stool samples in comparison with the coproantigen commercial ELISA. Microscopic examination of stools using the Coprotest method, detection of stool antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit and a home made Multiplex-PCR, were used for the diagnosis of amoebiasis infection. Analysis of the 127 stools samples by microscopy examination demonstrated that only 27 (21%) samples were positive for E. histolytica/E. dispar complex. Among these stool samples, 11 were positive by Multiplex-PCR, with nine presenting the diagnostic fragment characteristic of E. dispar (96 bp) and two presenting diagnostic fragment of E. histolytica (132 bp). Among negative samples detected by microscopic examination, three positive samples for E. dispar and one positive for E. histolytica by Multiplex-PCR was observed. This denotes a low sensibility of microscopic examination when a single stool sample is analyzed. Assay for detection of E. histolytica antigen was concordant with multiplex-PCR in relation to E. histolytica. Statistical analysis comparing the sensibility tests was not done because of the low number of E. histolytica cases. The results demonstrate the importance of the specific techniques use for the differentiation between E. histolytica and E. dispar.


Assuntos
DNA de Protozoário/análise , Entamoeba histolytica/genética , Entamebíase/diagnóstico , Fezes/parasitologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Animais , Antígenos de Protozoários/análise , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Entamoeba/genética , Entamoeba/imunologia , Entamoeba/isolamento & purificação , Entamoeba histolytica/imunologia , Entamoeba histolytica/isolamento & purificação , Entamebíase/parasitologia , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
3.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 11(3): 365-370, June 2007. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-457639

RESUMO

Amebiasis is an infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica. However, differentiation between E. histolytica and Entamoeba dispar, which are morphologically identical species, is essential for treatment decision, precaution of the invasive disease and public health. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a Multiplex -PCR for detection and differentiation of E. histolytica from E. dispar from fresh stool samples in comparison with the coproantigen commercial ELISA. Microscopic examination of stools using the Coprotest method, detection of stool antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit and a home made Multiplex-PCR, were used for the diagnosis of amoebiasis infection. Analysis of the 127 stools samples by microscopy examination demonstrated that only 27 (21 percent) samples were positive for E. histolytica/E. dispar complex. Among these stool samples, 11 were positive by Multiplex-PCR, with nine presenting the diagnostic fragment characteristic of E. dispar (96 bp) and two presenting diagnostic fragment of E. histolytica (132 bp). Among negative samples detected by microscopic examination, three positive samples for E. dispar and one positive for E. histolytica by Multiplex-PCR was observed. This denotes a low sensibility of microscopic examination when a single stool sample is analyzed. Assay for detection of E. histolytica antigen was concordant with multiplex-PCR in relation to E. histolytica. Statistical analysis comparing the sensibility tests was not done because of the low number of E. histolytica cases. The results demonstrate the importance of the specific techniques use for the differentiation between E. histolytica and E. dispar.


Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Entamoeba histolytica/genética , Entamebíase/diagnóstico , Fezes/parasitologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Antígenos de Protozoários/análise , Diagnóstico Diferencial , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Entamoeba histolytica/imunologia , Entamoeba histolytica/isolamento & purificação , Entamoeba/genética , Entamoeba/imunologia , Entamoeba/isolamento & purificação , Entamebíase/parasitologia , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 37(5): 416-417, set.-out. 2004.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-365850

RESUMO

São descritos dois casos de fasciolíase em áreas rurais do Rio de Janeiro, endêmicas para esquistossomose, sendo ambos surpreendidos durante inquéritos coprológicos. O paciente de Paracambi queixava-se de tonteira. A paciente de Sumidouro queixava-se de tonteira, cansaço e tosse, tendo sido tratada com praziquantel; seus exames de controle foram negativos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fasciolíase/diagnóstico , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Brasil , Fasciolíase/tratamento farmacológico , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , População Rural
5.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 37(5): 416-7, 2004.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15361961

RESUMO

We describe two cases of fascioliasis from rural areas of Rio de Janeiro that are endemic for schistosomiasis, both of which were found during a coprological survey. The patient from Paracambi complained of dizziness. The patient from Sumidouro complained of dizziness, tiredness and cough. She was treated with praziquantel and her stool parasitological examination became negative.


Assuntos
Fasciolíase/diagnóstico , Adulto , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Brasil , Fasciolíase/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , População Rural
6.
Inf. epidemiol. SUS ; 11(3): 167-176, jul.-set. 2002.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-348703

RESUMO

O enfrentamento de doenças transmissíveis de origem socioambiental esbarra frequentemente em dificuldades de etendimento entre comunidades, poder público e cientistas, ainda que haja recursos técnicos abundantes e adequados. Esse trabalho descreve uma experiência de reflexaão sobre dificuldades encontradas pelos integrantes de um grupo interdisciplinar e multissetorial para esse enfrentamento e sugre uma metodologia baseasda em diálogo para prevenção de impasses entre setores, disciplinas e sujeitos. A metoldologia consiste em um processo, ainda em curso, baseado na consolidação de um grupo multissetorial e interdisciplinar, afeito ao diálogo. A reflexão sobre o tema gerou um anteprojeto sobre o comportamento humano ante à transmissão de doenças de veiculação hídrica em municípios do Rio de Janeiro. Outro produto foi um texto em que são sugeridos caminhos para o diálogo


Facing diseases of social-environmental causes is frequently troubled by misunderstanding among communities, public power, and scientists, inspite of the availability of abundant and appropriate technical resources. This work is based on the experience of reflections about difficulties encountered by an interdisciplinary and multisectoral group and proposes dialogue as a method to prevent impasses between sectors, disciplines and subjects. The methodology consists of a process, still in progress, based on the consolidation of a multisectoral and interdisciplinary group accustomed to dialogue. Discussions of this theme generated the proposal of a project about human behavior regarding water-borne diseases in municipal districts of Rio de Janeiro. Another product was a text suggesting methods for achieving dialogue.


Assuntos
Humanos , Meio Ambiente , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/epidemiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes/prevenção & controle , Doenças Transmissíveis/epidemiologia
7.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 3(2): 115-23, 1998.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-228184

RESUMO

Apresenta o caminho pelo qual temos evoluído em direçäo a uma soluçäo para os problemas de Guapimirim (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) na área de saúde e ambiente. Objetiva atingir a partir de um estudo interdisciplinar e de uma parceria que vem assimilando, gradativamente, conceitos e práticas propostos por teóricos contemporâneos para lidar com complexidade, incerteza e avaliaçäo. Os conceitos de ciência "pós-normal", "comunidade ampliada de pares" e "transdisciplinaridade" servem de base para o entendimento do empreendimento científico em curso naquele município, e para a formulaçäo de uma proposta para sua continuidade.


Assuntos
Meio Ambiente e Saúde Pública
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