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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 24(5): 548-57, 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19893865

RESUMO

A design proposal for a HCEFN Hospital Continuous Education in Feeding and Nutrition, along with the educational intervention model developed and conducted at the "Hermanos Ameijieras" Hospital (Havana City, Cuba), and some of the results obtained after its implementation between 1997-2004, are presented in this article. The System design should include three levels of different and increasing complexity, depending on the level of knowledge, capabilities and aptitudes exhibited by hospital actors. The described system should also accommodate inter- and intra-disciplinary forms of education, learning and training aimed not only to increase the proficiency of actors in the recognition and treatment of hospital malnutrition, but also to foster group performance. The operation of a HCEFN at the hospital of the authors's affiliation has showed the feasibility of conducting such educational interventions oriented to foster Good Practices for Feeding and Nutrition of the hospitalized patients.


Assuntos
Hospitais , Ciências da Nutrição/educação , Alimentos , Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição , Humanos , Metabolismo , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 24(5): 548-557, sept.-oct. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-76615

RESUMO

En este artículo se presenta una propuesta de diseño de un SHECAN Sistema hospitalario de Educación continuada en Alimentación y Nutrición, junto con el modelo de intervención desarrollado y conducido en el Hospital Clínico quirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras" (La Habana, Cuba), y algunos de los resultados observados entre 1997-2004. El diseño del Sistema debe contemplar tres niveles de complejidad, en dependencia de los conocimientos, habilidades y capacidades exhibidos por los actores hospitalarios. El sistema también debe acomodar formas intra- e interdisciplinarias de educación, aprendizaje y capacitación orientadas tanto a incrementar la suficiencia de los actores en el reconocimiento y tratamiento de la desnutrición hospitalaria, como fomentar la actuación grupal. La operación de un SHECAN en el hospital de pertenencia de los autores ha demostrado la factibilidad de la conducción de tales intervenciones educativas en aras de implementar las Buenas Prácticas de Alimentación y Nutrición del paciente hospitalizado (AU)


A design proposal for a HCEFN Hospital Continuous Education in Feeding and Nutrition, along with the educational intervention model developed and conducted at the "Hermanos Ameijieras" Hospital (Havana City, Cuba), and some of the results obtained after its implementation between 1997-2004, are presented in this article. The System design should include three levels of different and increasing complexity, depending on the level of knowledge, capabilities and aptitudes exhibited by hospital actors. The described system should also accommodate inter- and intra-disciplinary forms of education, learning and training aimed not only to increase the proficiency of actors in the recognition and treatment of hospital malnutrition, but also to foster group performance. The operation of a HCEFN at the hospital of the authors's affiliation has showed the feasibility of conducting such educational interventions oriented to foster Good Practices for Feeding and Nutrition of the hospitalized patients (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hospitais , Ciências da Nutrição/educação , Metabolismo , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Alimentos
3.
Nutr Hosp ; 24(5)Sept.-Oct. 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | CUMED | ID: cum-43981

RESUMO

En este artículo se presenta una propuesta de diseño de un SHECAN Sistema hospitalario de Educación continuada en Alimentación y Nutrición, junto con el modelo de intervención desarrollado y conducido en el Hospital Clínico quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras (La Habana, Cuba), y algunos de los resultados observados entre 1997-2004. El diseño del Sistema debe contemplar tres niveles de complejidad, en dependencia de los conocimientos, habilidades y capacidades exhibidos por los actores hospitalarios. El sistema también debe acomodar formas intra- e interdisciplinarias de educación, aprendizaje y capacitación orientadas tanto a incrementar la suficiencia de los actores en el reconocimiento y tratamiento de la desnutrición hospitalaria, como fomentar la actuación grupal. La operación de un SHECAN en el hospital de pertenencia de los autores ha demostrado la factibilidad de la conducción de tales intervenciones educativas en aras de implementar las Buenas Prácticas de Alimentación y Nutrición del paciente hospitalizado(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ciências da Nutrição , Alimentos , Metabolismo , Hospitalização
4.
Nutr Hosp ; 23(4)July Ago. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-39753

RESUMO

Justificación: La respuesta al tratamiento médico-quirúrgico del paciente quemado pudiera depender tanto de los estragos provocados por la agresión térmica, a saber las demandas metabólicas incrementadas, la aparición del Síndrome de Respuesta Inflamatoria Sistémica, y las infecciones microbianas; como de las prácticas culturales incluidas dentro de los procesos institucionales de cuidados nutricionales. Objetivo: Evaluar cómo la conducción de los procesos nutricionales de evaluación e intervención influye sobre los indicadores de la efectividad terapéutica de los Servicios de Quemados. Serie de estudio: Cuarenta y dos pacientes atendidos con una superficie corporal quemada (SCQ) > 10 por ciento, entre enero del 2001-diciembre del 2003, en el Servicio de Quemados del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras (Ciudad La Habana, Cuba). Métodos: Los procesos nutricionales de evaluación e intervención conducidos en el paciente quemado se auditaron mediante revisión de las historias clínicas. Los procesos auditados se declararon como Completados (o no). El grado de completamiento del proceso se relacionó con las tasas de complicaciones y mortalidad, y el índice de hospitalización predicho de la SCQ. Resultados: Los procesos nutricionales de evaluación e intervención se completaron en el 49,4 por ciento y 22,6por ciento de las historias auditadas, respectivamente. El registro evolutivo del peso corporal se asoció con una menor mortalidad. La evaluación nutricional temprana y un aporte energético suficiente en lesionados con SCQ > 20 por ciento se asociaron con menores tasas de complicaciones y un mejor cumplimiento del índice de hospitalización. Conclusiones: Este trabajo constituye la primera aproximación al comportamiento del Servicio de Quemados de la institución, como antesala del diseño e implementación de un programa de mejoría continua de la calidad en la atención médica......(AU)


Rationale: Response of the burned patient to surgical medical treatment might depend not only upon the damages brought about by thermal agression, namely, increased metabolic requirements, onset of the Systemic Inflamatory Response Syndrome, and microbial infections, but also the cultural practices embedded within nutritional care institutional processes. Goal: To assess how conduction of nutritional care processes of assessment and intervention may influence therapeutical effectiveness indicators of hospital Burn Services. Study serie: Forty-two patients with a Burn Body Surface Area (BBSA) > 10 percent assisted at the Burn Service of the Hermanos Ameijeiras Clinical Surgical Hospital (La Habana, Cuba), between January 2001-December 2003. Methods: Nutritional care of assessment and intervention conducted upon the burn patient were audited after reviewing clinical charts. The audited processes were declared as Completed (or not). Completeness of the process was related to complications and mortality rates, and length of hospital stay predicted from BBSA. Results: Nutritional care processes of assessment and intervention were completed in 49.4 percent and 22.6 percent of the audited charts, respectively. Prospective recording of patient's body weight was associated with lower mortality. Early nutritional assessment and sufficient energy supply to patients with BBSA > 20percent were associated with lower complications rates and better compliance with BBSA-predicted length of stay. Conclusions: This work is the first enquiry into the behaviour of the institution's Burn Service, in anticipation of the design and implementation of a medical care Continuous Quality Improvement Program. In spite of the current state of nutritional care processes completeness, their observance might favorably influence the Service's effectiveness indicators(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Queimaduras/terapia , Terapia Nutricional
5.
Nutr. hosp ; 23(4): 354-365, jul.-ago. 2008. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68182

RESUMO

Justificación: La respuesta al tratamiento médico-quirúrgico del paciente quemado pudiera depender tanto delos estragos provocados por la agresión térmica, a saberlas demandas metabólicas incrementadas, la aparición del Síndrome de Respuesta Inflamatoria Sistémica, y las infecciones microbianas; como de las prácticas culturales incluidas dentro de los procesos institucionales de cuidados nutricionales. Objetivo: Evaluar cómo la conducción de los procesos nutricionales de evaluación e intervención influye sóbre los indicadores de la efectividad terapéutica de los Servicios de Quemados. Serie de estudio: Cuarenta y dos pacientes atendidos con una superficie corporal quemada (SCQ) > 10%, entre enero del 2001-diciembre del 2003, en el Servicio de Quemados del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico “Hermanos Ameijeiras” (Ciudad La Habana, Cuba).Métodos: Los procesos nutricionales de evaluación e intervención conducidos en el paciente quemado se auditaron mediante revisión de las historias clínicas. Los procesos auditados se declararon como Completados (o no). El grado de completamiento del proceso se relacionó con las tasas de complicaciones y mortalidad, y el índice de hospitalización predicho de la SCQ. Resultados: Los procesos nutricionales de evaluación e intervención se completaron en el 49,4% y 22,6% de las historias auditadas, respectivamente. El registro evolutivo del peso corporal se asoció con una menor mortalidad. La evaluación nutricional temprana y un aporte energético suficiente en lesionados con SCQ > 20% se asociaron con menores tasas de complicaciones y un mejor cumplimiento del índice de hospitalización Conclusiones: Este trabajo constituye la primera aproximación al comportamiento del Servicio de Quemados de la institución, como antesala del diseño e implementación de un programa de mejoría continua de la calidad en la atención médica. Se pudo comprobar que, a pesar del estado actual de completamiento de los procesos nutricionales, la observancia de los mismos puede influir favorablemente sobre los indicadores de efectividad del Servicio


Rationale: Response of the burned patient to surgical medical treatment might depend not only upon the damages brought about by thermal agression, namely, increased metabolic requirements, onset of the Systemic Inflamatory Response Syndrome, and microbial infections, but also the cultural practices embedded within nutritional care institutional processes. Goal: To assess how conduction of nutritional care processes of assessment and intervention may influence therapeutical effectiveness indicators of hospital Burn Services. Study serie: Forty-two patients with a Burn Body Surface Area (BBSA) > 10% assisted at the Burn Service of the “Hermanos Ameijeiras” Clinical Surgical Hospital(La Habana, Cuba), between January 2001-December2003.Methods: Nutritional care of assessment and intervention conducted upon the burn patient were audited after reviewing clinical charts. The audited processes were declared as Completed (or not). Completeness of the process was related to complications and mortality rates, and length of hospital stay predicted from BBSA. Results: Nutritional care processes of assessment and intervention were completed in 49.4% and 22.6% of the audited charts, respectively. Prospective recording of patient’s body weight was associated with lower mortality. Early nutritional assessment and sufficient energy supply to patients with BBSA > 20% were associated with lower complications rates and better compliance with BBSA-predicted length of stay. Conclusions: This work is the first enquiry into the behaviour of the institution’s Burn Service, in anticipation of the design and implementation of a medical care Continuous Quality Improvement Program. In spite of the current state of nutritional care processes completeness, their observance might favorably influence the Service’s effectiveness indicators


Assuntos
Humanos , Queimaduras/dietoterapia , Apoio Nutricional/métodos , Unidades de Queimados/estatística & dados numéricos , Auditoria Médica , Atenção Terciária à Saúde , Gestão da Qualidade Total/tendências , Avaliação Nutricional , Avaliação de Resultado de Intervenções Terapêuticas
6.
Nutr Hosp ; 23(4): 354-65, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18604322

RESUMO

RATIONALE: Response of the burned patient to surgical medical treatment might depend not only upon the damages brought about by thermal aggression, namely, increased metabolic requirements, onset of the Systemic Inflamatory Response Syndrome, and microbial infections, but also the cultural practices embedded within nutritional care institutional processes. GOAL: To assess how conduction of nutritional care processes of assessment and intervention may influence therapeutical effectiveness indicators of hospital Burn Services. STUDY SERIES: Forty-two patients with a Burn Body Surface Area (BBSA)>10% assisted at the Burn Service of the "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Clinical Surgical Hospital (La Habana, Cuba), between January 2001-December 2003. METHODS: Nutritional care of assessment and intervention conducted upon the burn patient were audited after reviewing clinical charts. The audited processes were declared as Completed (or not). Completeness of the process was related to complications and mortality rates, and length of hospital stay predicted from BBSA. RESULTS: Nutritional care processes of assessment and intervention were completed in 49.4% and 22.6% of the audited charts, respectively. Prospective recording of patient's body weight was associated with lower mortality. Early nutritional assessment and sufficient energy supply to patients with BBSA>20% were associated with lower complications rates and better compliance with BBSA-predicted length of stay. CONCLUSIONS: This work is the first enquiry into the behaviour of the institution's Burn Service, in anticipation of the design and implementation of a medical care Continuous Quality Improvement Program. In spite of the current state of nutritional care processes completeness, their observance might favorably influence the Service's effectiveness indicators.


Assuntos
Queimaduras/terapia , Apoio Nutricional , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Departamentos Hospitalares , Humanos , Masculino , Auditoria Médica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
7.
Nutr Hosp ; 23(1): 68-74, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18372949

RESUMO

Nutrient Energy Malnutrition (NEM) is a common feature among liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, and might constitute a negative predictor of patient's survival. A prospective descriptive study was carried out in order to assess the influence of LC patient's nutritional status on the occurrence of complications and mortality in a tertiary care health institution in Havana City (Cuba). One-hundred twenty-one patients were recruited for the study (Women: 52.9%; Younger than 60 years: 59.0%; Whites: 90.0%). C virus infection, alcoholism, and B virus infection accounted for 71.0% of LC cases. Ninety-two percents of the patients had less than 5 yearse of diagnosis. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) of nutritional status returned a 45.0% of malnutrition. Malnutrition was associated with disease progression: twenty-one percent of A Child-Pugh Stage patients was malnourished, but this rate increased to become 90.0% among those in C stage. Fat and skeletal muscle compartments were reduced in 36.0 and 37.0% of the patients, respectively. Complications affected 44.6% of the patients. Sixty percent of them were malnourished (p <0.01). One-year mortality rate was 11.0%. Ninety-two percent of deceased patients were malnourished (p < 0.01). LC malnourished patients have greater risk of complications and death as compared to well-nourished ones.


Assuntos
Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Desnutrição/complicações , Estado Nutricional , Adulto , Idoso , Cuba , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/diagnóstico , Cirrose Hepática/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo
8.
Nutr. hosp ; 23(1)Jan.-Feb. 2008. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-39818

RESUMO

La Desnutrición Energética Nutrimental (DEN) es una manifestación muy frecuente entre los pacientes con Cirrosis Hepática (CH), y puede constituir un predictor negativo para la supervivencia de los mismos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo para identificar la influencia del estado nutricional de los pacientes con CH en la aparición de complicaciones y mortalidad en una institución terciaria de salud de La Habana (Cuba). Se reclutaron 121 pacientes cirróticos (mujeres: 52,9por ciento; menor de 60 años: 59,0 por ciento; piel blanca: 90,0 por ciento). La infección por virus C, el alcoholismo, y la infección por virus B representarion el 71,0 por ciento de los casos de CH. El 92 por ciento de los enfermos tenían menos de 5 años de diagnosticados. La Evaluación Subjetiva Global (ESG) del estado nutricional arrojó un 45,o por ciento de desnutrición. La desnutrición es proporcional al estadio de progresión de la enfermedad: el 21,0 por ciento de los cirróticos en estadio A (Child-Pugh) estaba desnutrido, pero esta frecuencia llegó a ser del 90,0% entre aquellos en el estadio C. Los compartimentos graso y muscular estaban disminuidos en el 36,0 y 37,0por ciento de los pacientes, respectivamente. El 44,6 por ciento de los pacientes se complicaron durante el periodo de observación. El 60,0por ciento de los enfermos que se complicaron estaba desnutrido (p < 0,01). La mortalidad-al-año fue del 11,0por ciento. El 92,0 por ciento de los fallecidos estaba desnutrido (p < 0,01). Los pacientes con CH desnutridos tienen mayor riesgo de complicaciones y muerte que los no desnutridos(AU)


Nutrient Energy Malnutrition (NEM) is a common feature among liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, and might constitute a negative predictor of patient's survival. A prospective descriptive study was carried out in order to assess the influence of LC patient's nutritional status on the occurrence of complications and mortality in a tertiary care health institution in Havana City (Cuba). One-hundred twenty-one patients were recruited for the study (Women: 52,9 percent; Younger than 60 years: 59,0percent; Whites: 90,0 percent). C virus infection, alcoholism, and B virus infection accounted for 71,0percent of LC cases. Ninety-two percents of the patients had less than 5 yearse of diagnosis. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) of nutritional status returned a 45,0percent of malnutrition. Malnutrition was associated with disease progression: twenty-one percent of A Child-Pugh Stage patients was malnourished, but this rate increased to become 90,0 percent among those in C stage. Fat and skeletal muscle compartments were reduced in 36,0 and 37,0percent of the patients, respectively. Complications affected 44,6 percent of the patients. Sixty percent of them were malnourished (p < 0,01). One-year mortality rate was 11,0percent. Ninety-two percent of deceased patients were malnourished (p < 0,01). LC malnourished patients have greater risk of complications and death as compared to well-nourished ones(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Cirrose Hepática/diagnóstico , Cirrose Hepática/mortalidade , Desnutrição/complicações , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Fatores de Risco
9.
Nutr. hosp ; 23(1): 68-74, ene.-feb. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68140

RESUMO

La Desnutrición Energética Nutrimental (DEN) es una manifestación muy frecuente entre los pacientes con Cirrosis Hepática (CH), y puede constituir un predictor negativo para la supervivencia de los mismos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo para identificar la influencia del estado nutricional de los pacientes con CH en la aparición de complicaciones y mortalidad en una institución terciaria de salud de La Habana (Cuba). Se reclutaron 121 pacientes cirróticos (mujeres: 52,9%; menor de 60 años: 59,0%; piel blanca: 90,0%). La infección por virus C, el alcoholismo, y la infección por virus B representaron el 71,0% de los casos de CH. El 92% de los enfermos tenían menos de 5 años de diagnosticados. La Evaluación Subjetiva Global (ESG) del estado nutricional arrojó un 45,o% de desnutrición. La desnutrición es proporcional al estadio de progresión de la enfermedad: el 21,0% de los cirróticos en estadio A (Child-Pugh) estaba desnutrido, pero esta frecuencia llegó a ser del 90,0% entre aquellos en el estadio C. Los compartimentos graso y muscular estaban disminuidos en el 36,0 y 37,0% de los pacientes, respectivamente. El 44,6% de los pacientes se complicaron durante el periodo de observación. El 60,0% de los enfermos que se complicaron estaba desnutrido (p < 0,01). La mortalidad-al-año fue del 11,0%. El 92,0% de los fallecidos estaba desnutrido (p < 0,01). Los pacientes con CH desnutridos tienen mayor riesgo de complicaciones y muerte que los no desnutridos (AU)


Nutrient Energy Malnutrition (NEM) is a common feature among liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, and might constitute a negative predictor of patient's survival. A prospective descriptive study was carried out in order to assess the influence of LC patient's nutritional status on the occurrence of complications and mortality in a tertiary care health institution in Havana City (Cuba). One-hundred twenty-one patients were recruited for the study (Women: 52,9%; Younger than 60 years: 59,0%; Whites: 90,0%). C virus infection, alcoholism, and B virus infection accounted for 71,0% of LC cases. Ninety-two percents of the patients had less than 5 years of diagnosis. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) of nutritional status returned a 45,0% of malnutrition. Malnutrition was associated with disease progression: twenty-one percent of A Child-Pugh Stage patients was malnourished, but this rate increased to become 90,0% among those in C stage. Fat and skeletal muscle compartments were reduced in 36,0 and 37,0% of the patients, respectively. Complications affected 44,6% of the patients. Sixty percent of them were malnourished (p < 0,01). One-year mortality rate was 11,0%. Ninety-two percent of deceased patients were malnourished (p < 0,01). LC malnourished patients have greater risk of complications and death as compared to well-nourished ones (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Desnutrição/etiologia , Estado Nutricional , Fatores de Risco
10.
Nutr. hosp ; 22(6): 677-694, nov.-dic. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68056

RESUMO

Introducción: La heterogenidad de las tasas de desnutrición asociada a la Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (IRC) en Hemodiálisis (HD) implica rendimiento(s) dispar(es) del (los) indicador(es) empleado(s).Objetivos: Identificar aquellos indicadores que mejor describan el estado nutricional y la evolución natural del paciente con IRC en HD. Escenario: Programa de Hemodiálisis, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico “Hermanos Ameijeiras” (Ciudad La Habana, Cuba).Métodos: Se reclutaron 28 pacientes. Se registraron los ingresos entre diciembre 2001-diciembre 2002. Se registró la condición (Vivo/Fallecido) al año de observación. A cada paciente se le rellenó la Encuesta Subjetiva Global (ESG). El perfil nutricional incluyó: talla, peso, circunferencia del brazo (CB), pliegue cutáneo tricipital (PCT), albúmina y conteo total de linfocitos (CTL). El estado nutricional descrito mediante la albúmina y la CB se correlacionó con la ESG, la ocurrencia de ingresos y la condición final. Resultados: Las tasas de desnutrición fueron: (albúmina< 35 g/L): 42,9%; (CB < punto de corte): 60,7%; [(CB< Punto de corte) y/o (albúmina < 35)]: 71,4%; (ESG =En riesgo/Desnutrido): 42,9%. La ESG fue un predictor independiente de la ocurrencia de ingresos [OR = 14,14;IC 95%: 1,5-137,3] y la mortalidad [OR = 21,0; IC 95%:2,9-151,4]. La albúmina fue un predictor independiente de la mortalidad [OR = 21,0; IC 95%: 2,9-151,4]. La regla[(CB < punto de corte) y/o (albúmina < 35)] falló en predecir la morbi-mortalidad del paciente. El 77,8% de los pacientes con + 60 años falleció durante el año de observación [OR = 13,2; IC 95%: 1,9-89,5]. Conclusiones: Una mortalidad incrementada con valores disminuidos de la albúmina y la CB justifica las políticas de intervención nutricional orientadas a preservar los tejidos magros


Introduction: Heterogeneity of malnutrition rates associated with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) under Haemodialysis (HD) points towards differing performances of the used indicators. Objectives: To identify those indicators that better describe the nutritional state of the patient with ESRD under HD.Setting: Program of Haemodialysis, Service of Nephrology,“Hermanos Ameijeiras” Hospital (Havana City,Cuba).Methods: Twenty-eight patients were recruited. Hospitalad missions between december 2001-december 2002were recorded. The condition of the patient (alive/deceased) after one year of observation was registered. The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) form was administered to each patient. The nutritional profile included: height, weight, mid-arm circumference (MAC), triceps skinfold (TSF), albumin and total lymphocyte count (TLC). Nutritional status as described by means of albumin and MAC was correlated with SGA score, the occurrence of hospital admissions and the final condition of the patient. Results: Malnutrition rates were as follows (albumin< 35 g/L): 42.9%; (MAC < cut-off value): 60.7%; [(MAC< cut-off value) and/or (albumin < 35)]: 71.4%; (SGA score = At Risk/Malnourished): 42.9%. SGA score was an independent predictor of the occurrence of admissions [OR = 14.14; CI 95%: 1.5-137.3] and mortality[OR = 21.0; CI 95%: 2.9-151.4]. Serum albumin was an independent predictor of the patient’s mortality [OR =21.0; CI 95%: 2.9-151.4]. The [(MAC < Cut-off value) and/or (albumin < 35)] rule failed to predict patient’s morbimortality. Seventy-seven point eight percent of patients with +60 years-old died during the year of observation [OR = 13.2; IC 95%: 1.9-89.5] Conclusions: Increased mortality associated with diminished values of albumin and MAC justifies the fostering of nutritional intervention aimed to preserve lean tissues


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estado Nutricional , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Dobras Cutâneas , Albumina Sérica/análise , Diálise Renal/métodos , Eritropoetina/uso terapêutico , Anemia/epidemiologia
11.
Nutr. hosp ; 22(4): 425-435, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-057441

RESUMO

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de 8 años de trabajo ininterrumpido de un Grupo de Apoyo Nutricional (GAN) dentro de un hospital de tercer nivel de la ciudad de La Habana (CUBA). Los resultados se refieren al desempeño del Grupo en los 3 dominios de la actuación médica, por un lado, y el despliegue de un Programa de Intervención Alimentaria, Nutrimental y Metabólica (PRINUMA) de alcance institucional, por el otro. La labor asistencial ha servido para demostrar la factibilidad de los esquemas de intervención conducidos bajo la premisa del uso primordial de la vía enteral, y los beneficios que resultan de su observación en casos seleccionados. La labor docente ha sido siempre una prioridad del trabajo del Grupo, y ha permitido exponer a los grupos básicos de trabajo de la institución a ideas novedosas y nuevos modos de hacer, a fin de desterrar las prácticas indeseables que puedan atentar contra el estado nutricional del paciente, y que muchas veces están sustentadas en mitos, dogmas y sofismas. La labor investigativa ha sido un perfecto complemento del desempeño del Grupo en los 2 dominios anteriores, y ha hecho posible la incorporación de temas de apoyo nutricional y Nutrición Artificial en la carpeta de investigaciones de la institución. La labor médica del GAN se ha acompañado de una intensa actividad de despliegue del PRINUMA para dar respuesta a los retos que traen consigo el reconocimiento de la desnutrición asociada a las enfermedades como un problema institucional de salud. Las pautas adoptadas en este artículo para el reporte de las actividades del Grupo pueden convertirse en una plataforma metodológica que facilite la evaluación por terceras partes


The results achieved by a Nutritional Support Group (NSG) operating within a tertiary-level hospital in the city of Havana (CUBA) for the last 8 years are presented in this work. Results relate to the performance of the Group in the three domains of medical care, on one hand, and the inception of a Metabolic, Nutritional and Feeding Intervention Program (PRINUMA) of institutional reach, on the other. Nutritional assistance has served the purpose of demonstrating the feasibility of intervention schemes conducted under the premise of the use of the enteral route as first choice, and the benefits observed in selected cases. Teaching has always been a priority of the Group, as a tool to expose the institution’s medical care teams to new ideas and novel ways of acting, in order to eliminate those undesirable practices attempting against the patient’s nutriture that have arisen most of the times from myths, fallacies and dogmas. Research has been a perfect complemment of the Group’s performance in the two previous domains, making possible the incorporation of nutritional support and Artificial nutrition issues into the institution’s R&D portfolio. GAN’s medical workup has been accompannied by the deployment of the PRINUMA, in order to respond to the challenges brought about by the recognition of disease- associated-malnutrition as an institutional health problem. The guidelines followed in this article for reporting the Group’s activities can become a methodological platform for the purpose of assessment by third parties


Assuntos
Humanos , Apoio Nutricional/métodos , Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição/organização & administração , Necessidades Nutricionais , Programas de Nutrição/organização & administração , Avaliação Nutricional , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuba
12.
Nutr Hosp ; 22(4): 425-35, 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17650883

RESUMO

The results achieved by a Nutritional Support Group (NSG) operating within a tertiary-level hospital in the city of Havana (CUBA) for the last 8 years are presented in this work. Results relate to the performance of the Group in the three domains of medical care, on one hand, and the inception of a Metabolic, Nutritional and Feeding Intervention Program (PRINUMA) of institutional reach, on the other. Nutritional assistance has served the purpose of demonstrating the feasibility of intervention schemes conducted under the premise of the use of the enteral route as first choice, and the benefits observed in selected cases. Teaching has always been a priority of the Group, as a tool to expose the institution's medical care teams to new ideas and novel ways of acting, in order to eliminate those undesirable practices attempting against the patient's nutriture that have arisen most of the times from myths, fallacies and dogmas. Research has been a perfect complemment of the Group's performance in the two previous domains, making possible the incorporation of nutritional support and Artificial nutrition issues into the institution's R&D portfolio. GAN's medical workup has been accompannied by the deployment of the PRINUMA, in order to respond to the challenges brought about by the recognition of disease-associated-malnutrition as an institutional health problem. The guidelines followed in this article for reporting the Group's activities can become a methodological platform for the purpose of assessment by third parties.


Assuntos
Hospitais Públicos/organização & administração , Hospitais Urbanos/organização & administração , Apoio Nutricional , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/métodos , Grupos de Autoajuda , Cuba , Educação Médica Continuada , Nutrição Enteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Pacientes Internados , Desnutrição/etiologia , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Nutrição Parenteral/estatística & dados numéricos , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/organização & administração , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Grupos de Autoajuda/organização & administração , Medicina Estatal/organização & administração
13.
Nutr. hosp ; 22(1): 68-84, ene.-feb. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-054824

RESUMO

El Grupo hospitalario de Apoyo Nutricional (GAN) es el escalón superior de la evolución de las formas de provisión de cuidados alimentarios y nutricionales al paciente hospitalizado. El GAN se destaca de otras formas precedentes por la armonía y cohesión entre sus integrantes, la multi-, inter- y transdisciplinareidad, la dedicación a la actividad a tiempo completo, y la capacidad de autofinanciarse a costa de los ahorros generados de la implementación de una política nutricional consistente con las Buenas Prácticas de Alimentación y Nutrición. Se espera que la incepción y operación del GAN en un entorno hospitalario permita la realización de los beneficios implícitos en los Programas de Intervención Alimentaria, Nutricional y Metabólica. En este artículo se presentan pautas y recomendaciones para la definición del tamaño y composición de un GAN hospitalario, así como el establecimiento de las responsabilidades, funciones y tareas de los integrantes del Grupo, y la construcción de un cronograma de implementación, todo ello a partir de la experiencia de los autores después de conducir un GAN en un hospital de tercer nivel en la ciudad de La Habana (Cuba)


The hospital Nutricional Support Group (NSG) represents the ultimate step in the evolution of the forms of provision of nutritional and feeding care to hospitalized patients. The NSG outdoes other preceeding forms for its harmony and cohesion among its members, the multi-, inter- and transdisciplinarity, the dedication to the activity on a full time basis, and the capability to self-finance by means of the savings derived from the implementation of a nutritional policy consistent with the Good Practices of Feeding and Nutrition. It is to be expected that the inception and operation of a NSG in a hospital environment allows the realization of the benefits embedded into the Metabolic, Nutritional and Feeding Intervention Programs. Guidelines and recommendations for the definition of the size and composition of an hospital NSG are presented in this article, along with the responsabilities, functions and tasks to be assumed by its members, and a timetable for its implementation, always from the experiencies of the authors after conducting a NSG in a tertiary-care hospital in Havana (Cuba)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hospitais , Terapia Nutricional , Grupos de Autoajuda/organização & administração
14.
Nutr Hosp ; 22(1): 68-84, 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17260534

RESUMO

The hospital Nutricional Support Group (NSG) represents the ultimate step in the evolution of the forms of provision of nutritional and feeding care to hospitalized patients. The NSG outdoes other preceeding forms for its harmony and cohesion among its members, the multi-, inter- and transdisciplinarity, the dedication to the activity on a full time basis, and the capability to self-finance by means of the savings derived from the implementation of a nutritional policy consistent with the Good Practices of Feeding and Nutrition. It is to be expected that the inception and operation of a NSG in a hospital environment allows the realization of the benefits embedded into the Metabolic, Nutritional and Feeding Intervention Programs. Guidelines and recommendations for the definition of the size and composition of an hospital NSG are presented in this article, along with the responsabilities, functions and tasks to be assumed by its members, and a timetable for its implementation, always from the experiencies of the authors after conducting a NSG in a tertiary-care hospital in Havana (Cuba).


Assuntos
Hospitais , Terapia Nutricional , Grupos de Autoajuda/organização & administração , Humanos
15.
Nutr Hosp ; 20(5): 351-7, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16229404

RESUMO

Metabolic, Nutrient and Feeding Intervention Programs must become the methodological tool for dealing with the health problem posed by disease-associated-malnutrition on one side, and the "Bad Practices" affecting the nutritional status of the patient, on the other one. Programs like these ones should prescribe clear policies and actions in the three domains of contemporary medical practice: assistance, research and education. The fullfillment of these Program's objectives, and the relization of the implicit benefits, will only be possible if a methodological platform that armonically integrates elements of Continuous Education, Cost Analysis, Recording and Documentation, and Quality Control and Assurance, is created. The experience acumulated after the inception and conduction of the Intervention Program at the Clinical-Surgical "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital (Havana City, Cuba) has served to demostrate that it is feasible not only to create a theoretical and practical body to satisfy the aforementioned goals, but, also, to export it to another institutions of the country, in view of the fact that minimal investments for adquiring the resources needed to deploy such Program, as well as for training and capacitation of medic and paramedic personel in the corresponding Recording & Documentation and Feeding & Nutrition Good Practices might result in short-term economical and medical care benefits.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição , Hospitais/normas , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição , Custos e Análise de Custo , Cuba , Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição/organização & administração , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Política Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde
16.
Nutr. hosp ; 20(5): 351-357, sept.-oct. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-044948

RESUMO

Los Programas de Intervención Alimentaria, Nutrimental y Metabólica deben constituirse en la herramienta metodológica para el enfrentamiento del problema de salud que representa la desnutrición asociada a las enfermedades por un lado, y las "malas prácticas" atentatorias contra el estado nutricional del paciente, por el otro. Estos Programas deben prescribir políticas y acciones claras en los 3 dominios de la práctica médica contemporánea: asistencial, investigativa y educativa. El logro de los objetivos de tales Programas, y la realización de los beneficios implícitos, sólo será posible si se crea una plataforma metodológica que integre armónicamente elementos de Educación Continuada, Análisis de Costos, Documentación y Registros, y Control y Aseguramiento de la Calidad. La experiencia acumulada después de la implementación y conducción del Programa de Intervención en el Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras" (Ciudad Habana, Cuba) ha permitido demostrar que no sólo es posible crear el cuerpo teórico-práctico necesario para satisfacer los objetivos enunciados, sino que, además, puede ser extendido hacia otras instituciones de salud del país, por cuanto inversiones mínimas en la adquisición de la logística necesaria para echar a andar el Programa, así como para la capacitación y entrenamiento del personal médico y paramédico en las correspondientes Buenas Prácticas de Documentación & Registros y de Alimentación & Nutrición, pueden redundar rápidamente en beneficios asistenciales y económicos tangibles (AU)


Metabolic, Nutrient and Feeding Intervention Programs must become the methodological tool for dealing with the health problem posed by disease-associated-malnutrition on one side, and the "Bad Practices" affecting the nutritional status of the patient, on the other one. Programs like these ones should prescribe clear policies and actions in the three domains of contemporary medical practice: assistance, research and education. The fullfillment of these Program's objectives, and the relization of the implicit benefits, will only be possible if a methodological platform that armonically integrates elements of Continuous Education, Cost Analysis, Recording and Documentation, and Quality Control and Assurance, is created. The experience acumulated after the inception and conduction of the Intervention Program at the Clinical-Surgical "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital (Havana City, Cuba) has served to demostrate that it is feasible not only to create a theoretical and practical body to satisfy the aforementioned goals, but, also, to export it to another institutions of the country, in view of the fact that minimal investments for adquiring the resources needed to deploy such Program, as well as for training and capacitation of medic and para-medic personel in the corresponding Recording & Documentation and Feeding & Nutrition Good Practices might result in short-term economical and medical care benefits (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição/organização & administração , Hospitais/normas , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição , Custos e Análise de Custo , Cuba , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Estado Nutricional , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde , Política Nutricional
17.
Nutr Hosp ; 18(2): 65-75, 2003.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12723377

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To present the height- and sex-specific reference intervals for the urinary excretion of creatinine in cuban subjects with ages between 19-58 years. BACKGROUND: The standards advanced by Bistrian (1985) for anglosaxon subjects have been traditionally used for the construction of the Index of Creatinine Excretion (ICE). This practice could lead to diagnostic errors in the case of ICE calculation for non-anglosaxon populations differing in dietetic behaviour and body composition. METHODS: Values of urinary excretion of Creatinine measured in 103 men and 112 women with ages between 19 and 58 years, and preserved nutritional wellbeing (weight within the interquartile range for height; 18.5 < or = body mass index < or = 30.0 kg/m2) and renal function (serum Creatinine < or = 132 mumol/l) were drawn retrospectively from the databases of the Section of Urinalysis, Service of Clinical Laboratory, "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Hospital (La Habana, Cuba). For each sex, the regression line urinary-Excrecion-of-Creatinine = c + d. height, where c, d: parameters dependent on the subject's height, were constructed. The predicted values of the urinary excretion of Creatinine for the cuban subjects were derived from the 100 (1-alpha)% prediction intervals (PI) of the regression line. RESULTS: The urinary excretion of Creatinine for a 170 cm-height, 66.5 kg-weight, cuban male with age between 19-58 years, was 1216.19 mg/24 hours (95% Pl: 821.02-1611.36 mg/24 hours). The urinary excretion of Creatinine for a 160 cm-height, 59.7k Kg-weight, cuban female with age between 19-58 years, was 852.00 mg/24 hours (95% Pl: 420.15-1283.84 mg/24 hours). After taking into account the subject's weight, the urinary excretion of Creatinine for the cuban subjects was lower than that of their anglosaxon counterparts. There was not correlation between the age of the subject and the urinary excretion of Creatinine. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend the use of the values of the urinary excretion of Creatinine tabulated in this article in the conduction of studies of body composition and nutritional assessment.


Assuntos
Creatinina/metabolismo , Adulto , Creatinina/sangue , Creatinina/urina , Cuba , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valores de Referência , Fatores Sexuais
18.
Nutr. hosp ; 18(2): 65-75, mar. 2003. graf, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24631

RESUMO

Objetivo: Presentar los intervalos de referencia, específicos para la talla y el sexo, de la excreción urinaria de creatinina para sujetos cubanos con edades entre 19-58 años.Trasfondo teórico: Los estándares propuestos por Bistrian (1985) para sujetos anglosajones sanos se han usado tradicionalmente para la construcción del índice de excreción de creatinina (IEC). Esta práctica puede conducir a errores diagnósticos en el caso del cálculo del IEC en otras poblaciones con diferentes composición corporal y hábitos dietéticos.Métodos: Se obtuvieron los valores de excreción urinaria de creatinina de 103 hombres y 112 mujeres con edades entre 19 y 58 años, y estado nutricional (peso dentro del rango intercuartil para la talla; 18,5 índice de masa corporal 30,0 kg/m2) y función renal (creatinina sérica 132 µmol/l) conservados, después del análisis retrospectivo de las bases de datos de la Sección de Orina del Servicio de Laboratorio Clínico del Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras" (La Habana, Cuba). En cada sexo, se construyeron las rectas de regresión excreción urinaria de creatinina = c + d - talla, con c, d: parámetros dependientes de la talla del sujeto. Los valores predichos de excreción urinaria de creatinina para los sujetos cubanos, específicos para el sexo, se derivaron de los intervalos de predicción (IP) al 100 (1-) asociados a la recta de regresión.Resultados: La excreción urinaria de creatinina en un hombre cubano con una edad entre 19 y 58 años, talla de 170 cm y peso de 66,5 kg fue de 1.216,19 mg/24 horas (IP 95 por ciento: 821,02-1.611,36 mg/24 horas). La excreción urinaria de creatinina en una mujer cubana con una edad entre 19 y 58 años, talla de 160 cm y peso de 59,7 kg fue de 852,00 mg/24 horas (IP 95 por ciento: 420,15-1.283,84 mg/24 horas). Cuando se corrigió para el peso del sujeto, la excreción urinaria de creatinina de los sujetos cubanos fue menor que la observada en sujetos anglosajones que compartían las mismas propiedades biológicas. No se comprobó correlación entre la edad del sujeto y la excreción urinaria de creatinina.Conclusiones: Se recomienda emplear los valores de la excreción urinaria de creatinina obtenidos localmente y tabulados en este artículo para la realización de estudios de composición corporal y evaluación nutricional. (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Fatores Sexuais , Valores de Referência , Cuba , Creatinina
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