RESUMO
Los anticoagulantes orales directos (ACOD) emergen como una alternativa más cómoda y segura que los clásicos antagonistas de la vitamina K (AVK); no precisan monitorización, poseen una ventana terapéutica más amplia y tienen menos interacciones farmacológicas. Sin embargo, a pesar de que su uso está cada vez más extendido, existe poco consenso sobre cuál es su manejo perioperatorio óptimo en cirugía dermatológica. En este artículo se describen las características de los ACOD y se revisa la evidencia disponible sobre su uso perioperatorio en la cirugía de la piel
Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as safer, easier-to-manage alternatives to traditional vitamin K antagonists and are used increasingly because they require no monitoring, have a wider therapeutic window, and react less with other drugs. However, there is little consensus on optimal perioperative management when these drugs are used in dermatologic surgery. This article describes the characteristics of DOACs and reviews current evidence on their use in this setting
Assuntos
Humanos , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Dermatopatias/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Dermatológicos/métodos , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Administração OralRESUMO
Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as safer, easier-to-manage alternatives to traditional vitamin K antagonists and are used increasingly because they require no monitoring, have a wider therapeutic window, and react less with other drugs. However, there is little consensus on optimal perioperative management when these drugs are used in dermatologic surgery. This article describes the characteristics of DOACs and reviews current evidence on their use in this setting.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes , Inibidores do Fator Xa , Administração Oral , Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Dermatológicos , Inibidores do Fator Xa/uso terapêutico , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
La inmunoterapia en el cáncer emerge como un tratamiento novedoso y prometedor en una gran variedad de tumores, incluido el cáncer cutáneo no melanoma. Los anticuerpos inhibidores de proteínas de control inmunitario están dirigidos fundamentalmente a las moléculas de superficie CTLA-4 (antígeno citotóxico de los linfocitos T) y PD-1 (molécula de muerte programada 1). En el presente artículo se revisan las vías de CTLA-4 y PD-1/PD-L1 (PD-1/ligando de la PD-1) y las evidencias actuales de tratamiento con inhibidores de puntos de control inmunitario en los principales tipos de cáncer cutáneo no melanoma
Immunotherapy is emerging as a new and promising treatment for a great variety of tumors, including nonmelanoma skin cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors -antibodies that block proteins that regulate the immune system- mainly target the surface protein CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4) and the PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1/PD-ligand 1) axis. We review the CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways and current evidence supporting checkpoint inhibitor therapy in the main types of nonmelanoma skin cancer
Assuntos
Humanos , Imunoterapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Antígeno CTLA-4/antagonistas & inibidores , Antígeno B7-H1/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/antagonistas & inibidores , Neoplasias Cutâneas/imunologia , Ativação Linfocitária/fisiologia , Carcinoma de Célula de Merkel/imunologia , Carcinoma de Célula de Merkel/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Carcinoma Basocelular/imunologiaRESUMO
Immunotherapy is emerging as a new and promising treatment for a great variety of tumors, including nonmelanoma skin cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors -antibodies that block proteins that regulate the immune system- mainly target the surface protein CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4) and the PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1/PD-ligand 1) axis. We review the CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways and current evidence supporting checkpoint inhibitor therapy in the main types of nonmelanoma skin cancer.