Assuntos
Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/epidemiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Viagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Acampamento , Clonidina/análogos & derivados , Clonidina/uso terapêutico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/transmissão , Surtos de Doenças , França/epidemiologia , Hospitalização , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/transmissão , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
We tested the benefit of using buffered propionic acid (BPA) as a means of preventing farmer's lung disease (FLD). BPA, a new formulation of propionic acid, a hay preservative with no deleterious effect on farm machinery or cattle, reduces the development of micro-organisms in hay. Twenty pairs of round bales were analysed for concentration of micro-organisms measured in the winter following hay treatment. Each pair included one untreated bale and one bale treated with BPA during haymaking. Our results showed the following decreases in concentration in treated bales: total fungal species, 40% (P < 0.05); Eurotium amstelodami (the main species found), 65% (P < 0.01); and thermophilic actinomycetes, 60% (not significant), respectively. We conclude that BPA could be used to prevent FLD.
Assuntos
Pulmão de Fazendeiro/prevenção & controle , Poaceae/microbiologia , Propionatos/farmacologia , Actinomycetales/efeitos dos fármacos , Actinomycetales/isolamento & purificação , Agricultura/métodos , Ascomicetos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ascomicetos/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Soluções Tampão , HumanosRESUMO
Overall evidence from epidemiologic studies in the workplace suggests that dioxin is a human carcinogen, but whether low doses affect the general population remains to be determined. The authors examined the spatial distribution of soft-tissue sarcomas and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas around a French municipal solid waste incinerator with high emission levels of dioxin (16.3 ng international toxic equivalency factor/m3). Not consistently associated with dioxin exposure,-Hodgkin's disease served as the control cancer category. Clusters were identified from 1980 to 1995 in the area ("département') of Doubs by applying a spatial scan statistic to 26 electoral wards. The most likely and highly significant clusters found were identical for soft-tissue sarcomas and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and included the area around the municipal solid waste incinerator; standardized incidence ratios were 1.44 (observed number of cases = 45, focused test p value = 0.004) and 1.27 (observed number of cases = 286, focused test p value = 0.00003), respectively. Conversely, Hodgkin's disease exhibited no specific spatial distribution. Confounding by socioeconomic status, urbanization, or patterns of medical referral seemed unlikely to explain the clusters. Although consistent, these findings should be confirmed by further investigation (e.g., a case-control study in which dioxins are measured in biologic tissues) before clusters of soft-tissue sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are ascribed to dioxin released by the municipal solid waste incinerator.