[Features of adaptation of newborns born to mothers with endemic goiter]. / Osobennosti adaptatsii novorozhdennykh, rodivshikhsia u materei s éndemicheskim zobom.

Relationships between chronic iodine deficiency and, among other things, endemic goiter in women and adaptation of their babies in the early neonatal period were studied. A total of 125 women with endemic goiter of the Ist-IInd degrees and their newborns were examined. The diagnosis of endemic goiter was verified by the findings of an objective examination, ultrasonic examination, and puncture biopsy of the thyroid. Blood levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxin were measured in the women on days 3-4 postpartum. In the newborns Apgar score, body mass and length at birth, degree of maturity, physiologic body mass loss, duration of the icteric syndrome, time of umbilical cord drop off, and immunity status from the data of NBT test were assessed. Forty-five women without goiter and their newborns were controls. Postpartum measurements of triiodothyronine and thyroxin levels in the blood of patients with endemic goiter brought the authors to a conclusion that subclinical hypothyrosis was characteristic of them. Adaptation processes in the early neonatal period were found disordered in the newborns of mothers with endemic goiter. This manifested by a higher, vs. controls, incidence of asphyxia, hypotrophy, signs of the CNS involvement, and respiratory distress syndrome. Initial body mass recovery, disappearance of the icteric syndrome, umbilical cord loss were delayed in these newborns in comparison with the controls, and statistically reliable deviations in their immune status were revealed.

[Thyroid status in anemic pregnant women under conditions of endemic goiter]. / Sostoianie shchitovidnoi zhelezy u beremennykh s anemiei v usloviiakh zobnoi éndemii.

Anemia is a highly prevalent condition among pregnant women in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The causes of this anemia are not quite clear, as is the problem of resistance of this type of anemia to therapy with iron preparations. The authors propose that this may be explained by the fact that many regions of the Republic are foci of endemic goiter, because tentative studies indicate a relationship between endemic goiter and hypothyrosis. The present study was aimed at examination of the thyroid status in pregnant women suffering from anemia in the town of Alma-Ata, a region endemic for goiter. Altogether 120 anemic pregnant women were examined, 60 of these with goiter and 60 without it. Control group consisted of 20 healthy pregnant women. Clinical and ultrasonic examinations, puncture biopsy of the thyroid, measurements of blood levels of TTH, total and free triiodothyronine and thyroxin, thyroxin-binding globulin, as well as of peripheral blood red cell counts, levels of hemoglobin, serum iron, assessment of total iron-binding capacity of the serum and saturation coefficient, were carried out. Healthy pregnant women from a focus of endemic goiter were found to represent a group at risk of anemia in the third pregnancy trimester. In anemic pregnant women endemic goiter aggravated anemia. Chronic iodine deficiency is conductive to formation in pregnant women of subclinical hypothyrosis whose severity increased in the presence of anemia, more so if anemia is paralleled by goiter.