[Application of baxtims preparation in treatment of experimental diffuse purulent peritonitis]. / Primenenie preparata bakstims pri lechenii éksperimental'nogo razlitogo gnoinogo peritonita.

The proteins proteolysis increase as well as their biosynthesis disorder were observed in experimental diffuse purulent peritonitis, which was simulated in rats of Wistar line. Application of baxtims preparation for the abdominal cavity treatment during 14 days had promoted restoration of this process and the proteinic deficiency elimination as well.

[The antagonistic action of lactobacilli on Helicobacter pylori]. / Izuchenie antagonisticheskogo deistviia laktobatsill na Helicobacter pylori.

The antagonistic activity of 9 strains of the genus Lactobacillus with respect to 25 H. pylori clinical cultures was studied with the use of the original method of ring blocks. The presence of high antagonistic activity of strains L. casei 925, L. plantarum 8 RA-3, L. fermentum BL-96 and L. 90265 was established. The newly developed method of the determination of antagonistic activity with respect to H. pylori, taking into account the biological features of this organism, was found to be convenient for work, precise and giving reproducible results.

[The chronobiological aspects of changes in the level of serum immunoglobulins in healthy people]. / Khronobiologicheskie aspekty izmenenii soderzhaniia syvorotochnykh immunoglobulinov u zdorovykh lits.

The results of the determination of the concentration of immunoglobulins (Ig) in the blood of 540 donors, carried out at the period of 1989-1990, are analyzed. The presence of annual biorhythms in the content of IgA, IgG and IgM has been established, the biorhythmic curves of IgG and IgM practically coinciding and the biorhythmic curve of IgA shifting with respect to the curves of IgG and IgM by about 3 months. As revealed by this analysis, a decrease in the concentration of IgG and IgM correlates with an increase in the occurrence of purulent septic infections after surgical interventions. The presence of annual rhythms in the content serum should be considered in the interpretation of the results of immunological studies, as well as in planning and realization of different therapeutic and prophylactic measures.

[Changes in the immunological indices of patients with obstructive jaundice and liver cirrhosis during the extracorporeal connection of a pig spleen]. / Izmenenie immunologicheskikh pokazatelei u bol'nykh s obturatsionnoi zheltukhoi i tsirrozom pecheni pri ékstrakorporal'nom podkliuchenii selezenki svin'i.

The immunologic indices were studied in 29 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice, who had the porcine spleen been connected according to the conventional technique, and in 17 patients of the control group. The blood was collected in dynamics. The positive effect of the method on the immune status of the patients, which manifested itself in activation of a T-link of immunity, normalization of the indices of B-link, decrease in the severity of intoxication due to elimination of the middle molecular mass peptides and circulating immune complexes, was noted.

[Identification of Serratia marcescens by a modified crystal coating method]. / Identifikatsiia Serratia marcescens modifitsirovannym metodom kristallicheskikh naletov.

Crystal coating method modified for microbiologic studies is presented. Studies of 230 microorganism strains referred to different species revealed specific features characteristic of S. marcescens crystallogram only: the presence of luxurious whitish formations shaped as ramified branches with air vesicles and small white balls. Detection of these features permit a reliable identification of S. marcescens.

[Identification and sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs of enterobacteria isolated from patients with suppurative, inflammatory diseases]. / Identifikatsiia i chuvstvitel'nost' k antimikrobnym preparatam énterobakterii, vydelennykh pri gnoino-vospalitel'nykh zabolevaniiakh.

The results of testing 501 specimens of pathological materials containing enterobacteria from 382 patients with various purulent inflammatory diseases treated at the Tashkent Branch of the Research Centre of Surgery in 1989-1991 were analyzed. The findings showed that Enterobacter spp., Escherichia spp. and Proteus spp. played the main role in the etiology of the surgical infections (46.9, 19.4 and 16.2 per cent respectively). Some enterobacteria were tested for their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs. Enterobacteria resistant to penicillins (81.8-89.9 per cent), aminoglycosides (55.4-75 per cent), tetracyclines (57.1-73.2 per cent), clindamycin (95.7 per cent), rifampicin (87.5 per cent), polymyxin (92.9 per cent) and biseptol (74.6 per cent) were especially frequent. The study showed that claforan, a 3rd generation cephalosporin, and dioxidin were the most active agents despite the species: the number of the isolates resistant to them amounted to 17.9 and 34.7 per cent respectively.

[The use of lasers in treating soft-tissue suppurative-inflammatory diseases]. / Ispol'zovanie lazerov v lechenii gnoino-vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii miagkikh tkanei.

The authors have established in vitro, that helium-neon (HN) laser rays at the therapeutic doses had no bactericidal effect. Bactericidal effect of the rays of an ultraviolet (UV) laser is manifested in exposure for 5 min (output power of 3 mW, pulse frequency of 100 Hz, diameter of the irradiated area of 3 mm). In the clinic, a combined method with the use of HN-laser with radiant power of 20 J/cm2 and UV laser with radiant power of 7 J/cm2 was employed. Duration of treatment of purulent-inflammatory diseases reduced 2-5-fold as compared with that in use of conventional methods of treatment.

[The modelling of diffuse peritonitis]. / Modelirovanie razlitogo peritonita.

Peritonitis is still an urgent problem and its solution is determined to a great measure by purposeful studies in the field of pathogenesis and treatment. The creation of adequate models of peritonitis acquires particular significance. Eighty-four animals (dogs) were used to create the model. It is shown in the work that a standard model of generalized peritonitis can be produced by two injections of a polymicrobial suspension consisting of the most commonly encountered peritoneal microbes E. coli and B. fragilis. The suspension is injected into different levels of the abdominal cavity. With this method of administration of the polymicrobial suspension the model was reproduced in 90% of cases. Thus, the developed model resembles human peritonitis in the clinical picture and the laboratory and morphological values.

[Hospital strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the surgical clinic]. / Gospital'nye shtammy Pseudomonas aeruginosa v khirurgicheskoi klinike.

Circulation of different antigenic variants of P. aeruginosa in a surgical hospital was studied. In this study the process leading to the formation of pathogenic hospital strains, determined by time and location, from some serovars is demonstrated. The study also established that the department of the hospital where the selection of hospital strains mainly occurred was the resuscitation ward. Some pyoseptic infections of P. aeruginosa etiology with fetal outcome were found to be caused in most cases by hospital strains characteristic of the hospital in the period under study.

[A rapid indication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastroduodenal pathology]. / Uskorennaia indikatsiia Khelikobakter pilori u bol'nykh s gastroduodenal'noi patologiei.

Rapid detection of H. pylori in samples from gastroduodenal patients is based on the use of standard ingredients made in the USSR: disks with urea from kits and indicator strips to show pH values of the Rifan type, within the pH range 5.8-7.4. This method helps detect pH changes emerging in H. pylori urea disintegration in the liquid and gaseous (air) phases. The sensitivity, specificity, and rate of the test are not inferior to those of the commercial urease test.

[Improving the clinico-microbiological diagnosis and treatment of non-clostridial anaerobic peritonitis]. / Sovershenstvovanie kliniko-mikrobiologicheskoi diagnostiki i lechenia neklostridial'nogo anaérobnogo peritonita.

On the basis of clinico-microbiological examinations the presence of anaerobic flora was found in 104 out of 198 patients with peritonitis. The authors propose using intra-aortal++ transfusions of oxygenated blood in complex therapy of anaerobic peritonitis.

[The role of non-clostridial anaerobic infections in the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical aspects and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses]. / Rol' neklostridial'noi anaérobnoi infektsii v étiologii, patogeneze, klinike i lechenii vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii okolonosovykh pazukh.

This paper presents the results of clinical and bacteriological examinations of 116 patients with suppurative rhinosinusitis. Bacteriological tests under anaerobic conditions revealed in 53% of the patients nonclostridium anaerobic bacteria that were highly resistant to most antibiotics and sensitive to metronidazole and its derivatives. A protocol of conservative therapy of suppurative rhinosinusitis was developed. The protocol included etiotrophic antianaerobic drugs (metronidazole and its derivatives) and oxygenation of paranasal sinuses. This therapeutic approach yielded positive effects in 92% of the patients.

[The determination of C. pylori in patients with gastroduodenal diseases]. / Opredelenie C. pylori u bol'nykh s gastroduodenal'noi patologiei.

A total of 46 gastric mucosa biopsy specimens obtained during surgery and 90 gastric juice samples from patients with gastroduodenal diseases were examined. Campylobacter-like microorganisms were detected in 84.6 percent of biopsy specimens and in 73.9 percent of gastric juice samples (in gram-stained smears). Urease activity was detected in 75.9 and 13.3 percent, respectively. C. pylori growth in solid nutrient medium in microaerophilic conditions was observed in 44.2 and 5.7 percent of the examined samples, respectively. The studies have demonstrated the efficacy of using disks with urea from standard kits manufactured by the Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology in the city of Gorky in the urease test.

[Isolation and identification of Bacteroides of the group B. fragilis]. / Vydelenie i identifikatsiia bakteroidov gruppy B. fragilis.

Studies aimed at improvement of the technique for isolation of B. fragilis from the pathologic material and for identification thereof were carried out. Methods of anaerobe indication in bacterial associations (the disk and screening techniques) were used for the detection and isolation of B. fragilis. Use of these methods has facilitated and accelerated the agent isolation. Basing on the literature data and his own findings on the isolation rate of B. fragilis and on the incidence rate of differential signs, the author has calculated the diagnostic coefficients and informative value of each test. Use of these coefficients helped make the identification of these agents more reliable and in a number of cases permitted reducing the number of signs to be detected for the identification.

[Seasonal changes in the frequency of isolating strict anaerobes in purulent-inflammatory processes]. / Sezonnye izmeneniia chastoty vydeleniia strogikh anaérobov pri gnoino-vospalitel'nykh protsessakh.

Seasonal changes in the isolation rate of obligate anaerobes from the pathological material of patients with purulent inflammatory diseases were studied. For this purpose 707 samples of pathological material were analysed in the course of 1982-1986. Anaerobes were detected in 160 samples, which constituted 22.6% of all samples under study and 33.5% of the samples showing microbial growth. A statistically significant increase in the isolation rate of anaerobes from pathological material at the period of March-April was established. It was considered expedient to regard this newly found effect as an additional risk factor in the appearance of anaerobic infections and to take it into account in planning and carrying out prophylactic and diagnostico-therapeutic measures.

[Microbiological diagnosis of pyo-inflammatory processes caused by strictly anaerobic microorganisms]. / Mikrobiologicheskaia diagnostika gnoino-vospalitel'nykh protsessov, vyzvannykh strogo anaérobnymi mikroorganizmami.

Basing on the literature data and their own findings, the authors have attempted a rational arrangement of the microbiologic diagnosis of anaerobic infections. The precultural and cultural stages of the diagnosis have been singled out. A hypothetic diagnosis is put forward at stage I; it is based on the sum of the clinical symptoms of anaerobic infections and on the microscopy of the native material. During the cultural stage the anaerobe colonies indication is performed in the primary inoculation dish by the technique developed by the authors; preliminary identification of the colonies is made here too. Then the obtained subcultures are finally identified according to relevant schemes and to a table with the differentiating markers. The suggested scheme accelerates and simplifies the laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic infections.