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1.
Work ; 24(1): 3-9, 2005.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15706067

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to describe women's work in Maya communities in the Guatemala Highlands, along with some of the trends accompanying the rapid societal change there. METHOD: Over the course of six years, observations and interviews focused on two specific groups of women. The first were traditional, home-based women, the second, teachers in a primary school. Resulting transcripts and field notes were analyzed by the researchers to identify themes related to the women's perspectives on work, the patterns of their work activities, and the importance of work in their lives. Women who had been interviewed were asked to reflect on the themes identified. RESULTS: All the women engaged in paid work activities and were responsible for obligatory tasks in the home. The traditional group preserved the tradition of weaving, but remained largely illiterate, while the emerging group was literate, but did not learn to weave. CONCLUSION: Cultural change is both positive and negative, as described by these women. It is important to understand the particular values of the culture, and to recognize that these may not conform to Western (that is to say U.S.) beliefs and practices.


Assuntos
Cultura , Papel (figurativo) , Mulheres Trabalhadoras/psicologia , Feminino , Guatemala , Humanos
2.
Am J Occup Ther ; 57(3): 273-83, 2003.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12785665

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of play activities and playfulness in a group of Mayan children in southern Belize. METHOD: This qualitative study involved participant observation in the daily occupations of 20 children from five Mayan families over a 2-week period. Analysis of the field notes, using open and closed coding, revealed themes specific to customs of child rearing, play activities, and playfulness. FINDINGS: The primacy of adult work is a major cultural principle that influences Mayan children's daily occupations. Parents did not encourage play but permitted play if it did not interfere with work. Children found ways to integrate play activities and playfulness into their daily occupations. CONCLUSION: The statement, "play is a child's major occupation," may not be a universally held belief. Parental values and customs of child rearing should be considered in order to provide culturally sensitive and relevant services.


Assuntos
Características Culturais , Indígenas Norte-Americanos , Ocupações , Jogos e Brinquedos , Adolescente , Belize , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Relações Familiares , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino
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