Assuntos
Dieta , Crescimento , Criança , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Alimentos Infantis , Recém-Nascido , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da NutriçãoRESUMO
The rate of breast-feeding in the first 3 months post partum was studied in a group of 456 mothers. At 3 months 58% had been or still were breast-feeding their infants. The mothers who breast-fed were older, had a higher level of education, had a higher socioeconomic status, and were more likely to live on farms or in small towns, to have attended prenatal education classes and to have previously breast-feds. There were no significant differences between the method of feeding and the sex or birthweight of the infant, the maternal weight/height ratio or the participation of the father in the prenatal education classes. At 1 month 45% of the infants, at 2 months 35% and at 3 months 28% were being breast-fed. Public programs to promote breast-feeding as normal, beneficial and satisfying to both mother and infant are necessary so that more mothers will attempt to breast-feed their infants. Support for continuance of breast-feeding is needed in the hospital as well as in the home and the community.
Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Adolescente , Adulto , Educação , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Manitoba , Idade Materna , Cuidado Pré-Natal , População Rural , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Data from a longitudinal survey of 92 mothers and their female infants supported the hypothesis that the method of feeding had an effect on weight gain. Nutritionists visited the homes monthly during the first 6 months after parturition and obtained both dietary and anthropometric information. The infants were grouped according to the method of feeding at 2 months. A two-factor experiment with repeated measures on one factor as the experimental design was used to test for the effects of diet on weight gain, length increment, and weight/length pattern. The difference between group mean weights adjusted for birthweight was significant with .05 < P < 0.1. One difference was between infants fed formula and solids and infants fed breast milk and food supplements but not between infants fed breast milk or formula alone. No significant differences among the feeding groups were noted in length and weight/length, but there was a tendency for higher weight in relation to height in the infants fed formula and solids.
Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Alimentos Fortificados , Crescimento , Alimentos Infantis , Adulto , Peso ao Nascer , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , ObesidadeRESUMO
Trained nutritionists surveyed 92 female infants and their mothers in Western Massachusetts at monthly intervals from birth to age 6 months. A diet history, a three-day record of food intake and 11 anthropometric measurements were obtained at each home visit. Skinfold measurements showed an earlier plateau than in other published studies. There were no significant differences in fat thicknesses when infants were classified by method of feeding until age 2 months, but formula-fed infants with solids started before age 2 months had the largest mean skinfolds which peaked at age 3 months and then decreased and became similar to those of the other groups by age 5 months.
Assuntos
Alimentação com Mamadeira , Aleitamento Materno , Alimentos Infantis , Dobras Cutâneas , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Estudos Longitudinais , Massachusetts , GravidezRESUMO
Two hundred sixty-eight infants under six months of age from three ethnic and three income backgrounds were surveyed by trained nutritionists. The cross-sectional findings were based on maternal information on familial and socioeconomic background, prenatal health history, weight and length measurements at birth, health and development of the infant, and finally, a nutritional history and a 24-hr. recall of food intake. Total daily caloric intakes of infants in this group were not significantly different from intakes of the children studied in Denver by the Child Research Council (5). However, the composition of the diets differed. Differences in the carbohydrate, protein, and lipid are due to the use primarily of evaporated milk formulas with gradually decreasing addition of sugar and the high-cholesterol and low-linoleic acid content in the CRC study, and of premodified formulas with constant sugar content and low cholesterol and high linoleic acid in this study.
Assuntos
Carboidratos da Dieta , Gorduras na Dieta , Proteínas Alimentares , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Negro ou Afro-Americano , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino , Humanos , Renda , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Massachusetts , Fatores Sexuais , População BrancaRESUMO
The early introduction of solid foods was observed in three ethnic and income groups in a survey of 268 infants in western Massachusetts. By four weeks of age, cereal had been introduced into the diets of 57 per cent and fruit to 32 per cent of the infants. Patterns of introducing and feeding solid foods to breast-and formula-fed infants were similar and were related more to income than to type of milk fed. The cost of infant feeding can draw heavily on the family's food budget.
