Global Prevalence of Depression among Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression among heart failure (HF) patients. Depression is one of the main risk factors of mortality and reduction in quality of life in patients with HR. Despite individual studies, there is no comprehensive study on depression in HF patients. In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed) were searched from January 1, 2000, to December 15, 2020. The keywords used included: depression and heart failure. The research stages including search, screening, quality evaluation, and extraction of study data were performed separately by two researchers. A total of 149 studies performed on 305,407 HF patients entered the final stage. The global prevalence of any severity and moderate to severe severity of depression was 41.9% and 28.1%, respectively. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of depression was higher in women (45.5%) than in men. Also, according to the NHYA classification, the prevalence of depression in patients in stages three and four (54.7%) was higher than stages 1 and 2. The prevalence of depression was higher in the EMRO region (70.1%) and lower economic status countries (56.7%).The high prevalence of depression among HF patients indicates the importance of paying more attention and providing the necessary training for patients to reduce depression.

Global Prevalence and Device Related Causes of Needle Stick Injuries among Health Care Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) suffer more than 2 million occupational needle-stick injuries (NSIs) annually. Goal: To determine the global prevalence and causes of NSIs among HCWs. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, three databases (PubMed, Web of science, and Scopus) were searched for reports from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2018. The random effects model was used to determine the prevalence of NSIs among HCWs. Hoy et al.'s instrument was employed to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Findings: A total of 87 studies performed on 50,916 HCWs in 31 countries worldwide were included in the study. The one-year global pooled prevalence of NSIs among HCWs was 44.5% (95% CI: 35.7, 53.2). Highest prevalence of NSIs occurred in the South East Asia region at 58.2% (95%, CI: 36.7, 79.8). By job category, prevalence of NSIs was highest among dentists at 59.1% (95% CI: 38.8, 79.4), Hypodermic needles were the most common cause of NSIs at 55.1% (95% CI: 41.4, 68.9). Conclusion: The current high prevalence of NSIs among HCWs suggests need to improve occupational health services and needle-stick education programs globally.

Prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a daily phenomenon, to which less attention has been paid in a variety of surgeries. Despite the individual studies, there is no comprehensive study on the prevalence of PONV. The aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of PONV. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this systematic and meta-analysis study, descriptive studies of four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched for relevant texts from the time they were created until 31 December 2018. The random effects model was used for meta-analysis of studies included. All the steps were carried out by two individuals. Hoy et al.'s tool was used to evaluate its risk bias. RESULTS: A total of 23 studies that were performed on 22,683 people from 11 countries were entered into the final phase. The prevalence of PONV, nausea, and vomiting was 27.7%, 31.4%, and 16.8%, respectively. The prevalence of PONV was higher during the first 24 h in European countries. CONCLUSION: Considering the high prevalence of PONV and our goal to better control it, it is necessary to use high cost-effective approaches and recommendations and to educate health caregivers and patients.

Prevalence of anxiety among breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety among breast cancer patients. In April 2019, three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched from January, 2000 to March, 2019. Key words included were as follows: breast neoplasm, prevalence, and anxiety. A total of 36 studies that included 16,298 breast cancer patients between 2000 and 2018 were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of anxiety among breast cancer patients was 41.9% [(CI: 95%): 30.7, 53.2]. The prevalence of anxiety among patients in Mediterranean countries was higher. The study showed a high level of anxiety among breast cancer patients, indicating the importance of psychological factors as well as physical in breast cancer patients.

The effect of nigella sativa oil on the prevention of phlebitis induced by chemotherapy: a clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: Phlebitis, that disrupts chemotherapy, is the inflammation of the vein and the most common complication of intravenous injection of chemotherapy drugs. AIM: the aim was determine the effect of topical application of N. sativa oil on the prevention of phlebitis caused by chemotherapy. METHODS: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted on 60 cancer patients. In the intervention group, five drops of N. sativa oil was applied on the distal area of the catheter, two times per day and every 12 hours from the first day of chemotherapy to the third day; no intervention was conducted for the subjects in the control group. RESULTS: Results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups at 60 and 72 hours in regard with incidence of phlebitis. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups at 12 and 72 hours in terms of severity (degree) of phlebitis. CONCLUSION: topical application of N. sativa oil is effective in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced phlebitis.