RESUMO
We report a SAR of non-steroidal glucocorticoid mimetics that utilize indoles as A-ring mimetics. Detailed SAR is discussed with a focus on improving PR and MR selectivity, GR agonism, and in vitro dissociation profile. SAR analysis led to compound (R)-33 which showed high PR and MR selectivity, potent agonist activity, and reduced transactivation activity in the MMTV and aromatase assays. The compound is equipotent to prednisolone in the LPS-TNF model of inflammation. In mouse CIA, at 30 mg/kg compound (R)-33 inhibited disease progression with an efficacy similar to the 3 mg/kg dose of prednisolone.
Assuntos
Glucocorticoides/química , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Indóis/química , Indóis/farmacologia , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/agonistas , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Animais , Células HeLa , Humanos , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A new series of ligands for the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is described. SAR development was guided by docking 3 into the GR active site and optimizing an unsubstituted phenyl ring for key interactions found in the steroid A-ring binding pocket. To identify compounds with an improved side effect profile over marketed steroids the functional activity of compounds was evaluated in cell based assays for transactivation (aromatase) and transrepression (IL-6). Through this effort, 36 has been identified as a partial agonist with a dissociated profile in these cell based assays.
Assuntos
Glucocorticoides/agonistas , Ligantes , Modelos Moleculares , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
We have recently reported the discovery of a novel class of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonists, exemplified by 3, containing a 1,2-dihydroquinoline molecular scaffold. Further SAR studies of these antagonists uncovered chemical modifications conveying agonist functional activity to this series. These agonists exhibit good GR binding affinity and are selective against other nuclear hormone receptors.
Assuntos
Quinolinas/química , Quinolinas/farmacologia , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/agonistas , Quinolinas/metabolismo , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The synthesis and in vitro activities of a series of succinyl-nitrile-based inhibitors of Cathepsin S are described. Several members of this class show nanomolar inhibition of the target enzyme as well as cellular potency. The inhibitors displaying the greatest potency contain N-alkyl substituted piperidine and pyrrolidine rings spiro-fused to the alpha-carbon of the P1 residue.
Assuntos
Catepsinas/antagonistas & inibidores , Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Nitrilas/química , Domínio Catalítico , Dipeptídeos/química , Desenho de Fármacos , Humanos , Modelos Químicos , Conformação Molecular , Nitrilas/classificação , Peptídeos/química , Piperidinas/química , Pirrolidinas/química , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
We report on the nuclear receptor binding affinities, cellular activities of transrepression and transactivation, and anti-inflammatory properties of a quinol-4-one and other A-ring mimetic containing nonsteroidal class of glucocorticoid agonists.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Glucocorticoides/agonistas , Mimetismo Molecular , Quinolonas/farmacologia , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/metabolismo , Transativadores/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/síntese química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Aromatase/metabolismo , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Feminino , Fibroblastos/citologia , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Células HeLa , Humanos , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Quinolonas/síntese química , Quinolonas/química , Transativadores/síntese química , Transativadores/química , Ativação TranscricionalRESUMO
We report the discovery of a novel class of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) ligands based on 1,2-dihydroquinoline molecular scaffold. The compounds exhibit good GR binding affinity and selectivity profile against other nuclear hormone receptors.
Assuntos
Quinolinas/síntese química , Quinolinas/farmacologia , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Células HeLa , Humanos , Interleucina-1/farmacologia , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Ligantes , Vírus do Tumor Mamário do Camundongo/genética , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinolinas/química , Receptores de Estrogênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Transcrição Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Ativação Transcricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Ativação Transcricional/genéticaRESUMO
The specificity of the immune response relies on processing of foreign proteins and presentation of antigenic peptides at the cell surface. Inhibition of antigen presentation, and the subsequent activation of T-cells, should, in theory, modulate the immune response. The cysteine protease Cathepsin S performs a fundamental step in antigen presentation and therefore represents an attractive target for inhibition. Herein, we report a series of potent and reversible Cathepsin S inhibitors based on dipeptide nitriles. These inhibitors show nanomolar inhibition of the target enzyme as well as cellular potency in a human B cell line. The first X-ray crystal structure of a reversible inhibitor cocrystallized with Cathepsin S is also reported.
