RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological data concerning hepatitis B are scarce in France. AIM: To describe epidemiological, clinical, virological and histological features of HBsAg-positive patients followed at non-academic hospitals in France. METHODS: Clinical, biological, virological and histological data of all HBsAg-positive consecutive patients observed from April 1, 2001 to May 31, 2002 in participating centres were recorded prospectively. Multivariate analyses of factors associated with significant fibrosis and cirrhosis were performed. RESULTS: Nearly 1166 HBsAg-positive patients were seen in the 58 centres: 671 males and 495 females from metropolitan France (32%) and from outside metropolitan France (68%); mean age 41 +/- 15 years. Twenty-nine percent of patients were probable HBsAg inactive carriers, while 50% had chronic hepatitis; 43% of these were HBeAg-positive and 57% HBeAg-negative. Liver biopsy had been performed in 558 (51%) patients; 205 (17.6%) patients had cirrhosis. By multivariate analysis, factors associated with significant fibrosis were: age >40 years (P < 0.05), HBeAg-negative status (P < 0.02) and histological activity (P < 0.0001). Factors associated with cirrhosis: age (P < 0.0001), platelet count <150 000/mm(3) (P < 0.0001) and viral co-infection (P < 0.03). CONCLUSION: HBV infection represents a significant workload for hepatogastroenterologists at non-academic hospitals in France.
Assuntos
Hepatite B Crônica/epidemiologia , Adulto , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Antígenos E da Hepatite B/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite B Crônica/sangue , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/epidemiologia , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
The positive effect of early defibrillation on survival from cardiac arrest has been demonstrated. We describe the use of AEDs over 1 year following the training of flight attendants. Air France and the University of Paris XII together designed a 1 year training programme for 14000 flight attendants. The university emergency departments (SAMU) provided 250 instructors. AEDs training and certification was conducted for crew members between November 2001 and November 2002. By January 2003, all aircraft were fully equipped with AEDs. All cases of cardiac arrest that occurred during the study were reviewed comprehensively. Comments from the crew were collected. Twelve cardiac arrests were reported between November 2002 and November 2003 out of 4194 cases of emergency care delivered to passengers. Shock treatment was advised initially in 5/12 cases. The survival rate after in-flight cardiac arrest was 3/12. The survival rate at discharge from hospital following in flight shock was 2/5. No complications arose from the use of AEDs. Training by professionals gave the flight attendants confidence and allowed for the survival of two young passengers. Our study highlights the ability of flight attendants to give better onboard care for the future. The next step is to consolidate the network between in-flight care and the medical dispatch centre in Paris.
Assuntos
Medicina Aeroespacial , Desfibriladores , Parada Cardíaca/terapia , Adulto , Medicina Aeroespacial/educação , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , ParisRESUMO
Our purpose is to assess the question of the definition of hepatitis B virus pre-C-C mutant-chronic infection, according to the level of the viral load at the era of very sensitive techniques of quantification of HBV DNA.
Assuntos
DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite B Crônica/diagnóstico , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , DNA Viral/sangue , DNA Viral/genética , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Humanos , Mutação , RNA Viral/sangue , RNA Viral/genética , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Carga ViralRESUMO
AIM OF THE STUDY: To report 3 new cases of complicated Bochdalek hernia (BH) in adulthood and to review the literature about this rare condition. CASE REPORT: Three adult patients were operated on for a BH undiagnosed until occurrence of acute complication. The first patient, 27 years-old, had small bowel obstruction and the diagnosis of BH, unrecognized on chest X-ray, was established on barium meal and CT scan. The second patient, 38 years-old, had epigastric pain and gastric obstruction: diagnosis of BH, unrecognized at a previous laparotomy, was established on CT scan and barium enema. The third patient, 88 years-old, had respiratory failure and gastric obstruction: diagnosis of BH, unrecognized on chest X-ray, was established on CT scan. The 3 patients were operated on through laparotomy (n = 2) ou thoracotomy (n = 1) with one post-operative death. DISCUSSION: In adulthood, BH can remain asymptomatic for a long time before occurrence of a acute digestive or respiratory complication. Chest X-ray can be normal or misinterpreted. CT scan seems to be the most reliable examination to diagnose BH. CONCLUSION: In adulthood, diagnosis of BH should be evocated in case of respiratory or upper digestive symptoms.
Assuntos
Erros de Diagnóstico , Hérnia Diafragmática/complicações , Hérnia Diafragmática/diagnóstico , Obstrução Intestinal/etiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Dor/etiologia , Radiografia Torácica , Insuficiência Respiratória/etiologiaRESUMO
A 23 years old woman was admitted on emergency for an upper digestive tract bleeding and endoscopy found gastric varices. CT scan revealed a splenomegaly, a twisted aspect of the splenic pedicle and varices in the gastrosplenic ligament. Arteriography showed a narrow splenic artery and varices in the gastrosplenic ligament. After a recurrent bleeding, splenectomy was performed. There was a chronic volvulus of a wandering spleen; the splenic venous flow was passing through the left gastroepiploic vein and a gastrosplenic vein. Chronic volvulus of a wandering spleen with gastric varices is an unfrequent pathology, diagnosed by imaging and requiring splenectomy.
Assuntos
Hematemese/etiologia , Obstrução Intestinal/diagnóstico , Baço/patologia , Esplenopatias/diagnóstico , Adulto , Angiografia , Varizes Esofágicas e Gástricas/etiologia , Varizes Esofágicas e Gástricas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Obstrução Intestinal/complicações , Obstrução Intestinal/patologia , Esplenopatias/complicações , Esplenopatias/patologia , Esplenomegalia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XAssuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/induzido quimicamente , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/induzido quimicamente , Hepatite C Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Interferon-alfa/efeitos adversos , Injúria Renal Aguda/diagnóstico , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/diagnóstico , Glomerulosclerose Segmentar e Focal/patologia , Humanos , Interferon-alfa/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Anemia Aplástica/induzido quimicamente , Doença de Crohn/tratamento farmacológico , Antagonistas do Ácido Fólico/efeitos adversos , Metotrexato/efeitos adversos , Anemia Aplástica/diagnóstico , Anemia Aplástica/mortalidade , Feminino , Antagonistas do Ácido Fólico/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Injeções Intramusculares , Metotrexato/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Perfuração Esofágica/etiologia , Esofagite/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Perfuração Esofágica/cirurgia , Esofagite/complicações , Esôfago/diagnóstico por imagem , Esôfago/cirurgia , Feminino , Corpos Estranhos/cirurgia , Humanos , Doença IatrogênicaRESUMO
We report the first case of acute acalculous cholecystitis associated with primary antiphospholipid-antibody syndrome. The diagnosis was serological and was based on positive tests for lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin antibodies. The treatment was exclusively medical. Cholecystitis was cured with low-molecular weight heparin and oral anticoagulants. A rapid diagnosis can prevent lack of therapeutic errors such as surgery, antibiotherapy or corticotherapy, and long-term anticoagulant treatment can be proposed to prevent recurrent thrombosis.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/complicações , Colecistite/etiologia , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/uso terapêutico , Vitamina K/antagonistas & inibidores , Doença Aguda , Administração Oral , Adulto , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Colecistite/diagnóstico por imagem , Colecistite/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/administração & dosagem , Humanos , UltrassonografiaAssuntos
Colite/induzido quimicamente , Duodeno/efeitos dos fármacos , Duodeno/patologia , Fibrinolíticos/efeitos adversos , Linfócitos/patologia , Ticlopidina/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Arterite/tratamento farmacológico , Atrofia , Doença Crônica , Colite/imunologia , Colite/patologia , Diarreia/etiologia , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
We report the case of a 72-year-old woman hospitalized for dysphagia and odynophagia due to an ulcer of the esophagus. Thoracic CT-scan and esophageal endosonography revealed a tumour of the mediastinum which invaded the esophagus. Per-operative biopsies concluded to a probable malignant fibrous histiocytoma.