Technological Properties and Biogenic Amines Production by Bacteriocinogenic Lactococci and Enterococci Strains Isolated from Raw Goat's Milk.

Technological properties and biogenic amine production were analyzed in 56 bacteriocinogenic lactococci and enterococci strains isolated from raw goat's milk. Fifteen lactococci strains were able to reduce milk pH to 5.3 or lower after 6 h, while enterococci strains were initially slow in producing acids. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis GLc06 and three strains of Enterococcus faecalis (GEn20, GEn22, and GEn23) presented high proteolytic activity. L. lactis subsp. lactis GLc06 and E. faecalis GEn22 also showed a high percentage of autolysis after only 4 h, reaching 71.11 and 97.67%, respectively, after 24 h. No strain was able to secrete exopolysaccharides, and L. lactis subsp. lactis GLc22 and 25 of the Enterococcus strains were able to produce diacetyl. L. lactis subsp. lactis GLc05 and 23 of the Enterococcus strains presented a high tolerance to NaCl at 10% (wt/vol). Regarding biogenic amine production, 12 strains (5 lactococci and 7 enterococci) were capable of forming tyramine and 4 strains (1 lactococcus and 3 enterococci) were capable of forming 2-phenylethylamine, but in very low amounts. GLc06 presented great acidifying, proteolytic, and autolytic activities, and GLc05 was capable of growing at high NaCl concentrations (10%, wt/vol), possessing medium autolytic and proteolytic activities. Some enterococci strains produced diacetyl and high autolytic and extracellular proteolytic activities and also presented resistance to high NaCl concentrations. The interesting technological properties presented by some bacteriocinogenic strains can justify their use by the dairy industry, with the aim of ensuring both safety due to bacteriocin production and technological transformations in fermented products.

Late-onset sarcoidosis in a patient with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A case report.

The simultaneous presence of hematological malignancies and sarcoidosis, defined as sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome, has been reported in 79 patients in the literature to date. The majority of these patients were affected by sarcoidosis and developed non-Hodgkin lymphoma or acute leukemia after 1-2 years; however, in <20 cases the malignancy developed first. This report presents the case of an 83-year-old male with a clinical history of Helicobacter pylori-positive gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. The patient developed sarcoidosis 10 years after the first diagnosis, which caused the diagnostic work-up and differential diagnosis between a lymphoma relapse and de novo sarcoidosis to be challenging.

Cerebroplacental Doppler ratio and placental histopathological features in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction.

OBJECTIVE: To correlate placental pathologic lesions, as defined by the Society for Pediatric Pathology, to the severity of the ratio of the pulsatility Doppler index (PI) of the fetal middle cerebral artery to that of the umbilical artery (cerebroplacental ratio, CPR). STUDY DESIGN: A cohort-study of 176 singleton pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR). RESULTS: The mean values of gestational age, birth weight and CPR of the entire cohort were 33.9±3.6 weeks, 1552±561 g, and 1.33±0.68, respectively. In ordered logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for potential confounders, muscularised arteries (Odds Ratio [OR]=3.14; 95% confidence intervals [CI]=1.58-6.28, P=0.001), mural hypertrophy (OR=2.35; 95% CI=1.26-4.4, P=0.008), immature intermediate trophoblast (OR=2.0; 95% CI=1.07-3.71, P=0.03) and maternal vascular underperfusion (OR=2.32; 95% CI=1.25-4.23, P=0.007) were the only parameters associated with severity of CPR. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between placental histological findings indicating maternal underperfusion and placental occlusion suggest that forced centralization of fetal circulation in FGR could be at least partially attributable to the hemodynamic consequences of increased placental vascular resistance.

Cervical infections by multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes: Prevalence and impact on the risk of precancerous epithelial lesions.

A large proportion of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections is sustained by multiple genotypes. The effect of multiple infections on the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and the potential efficacy of vaccine on these infections are controversial. We performed viral typing by SFP(10)-LIPA on a consecutive series of 1,323 women undergoing colposcopy, 69% of whom had cervical biopsy, and correlated CIN severity with the type and number of HPVs. Overall prevalence of HPV-DNA was 68.9%, 97.3% in CIN1, and 98.1% in CIN>/=2. HPV positivity correlated with younger age (35.9 vs. 37.3 years, P = 0.026) and history of CIN (P < 0.001). Multiple types were detected in 44.2% of cases, including 63.1% CIN1 and 80.8% CIN>/=2. Twenty-three different types were detected, HPV-16, 31 and 52 being the most frequent. Infections by HPV-6, 11, 16, or 18 occurred in 59.4% of CIN1 and 71.3% of CIN>/=2. Number of viral types and class of oncogenic risk were linearly correlated with CIN severity (P < 0.0001) by univariate and multivariate analyses controlling for age and history of CIN. The effect of the number of HPV types was maintained after exclusion from the model of infections by HPV-6, 11, 16, and 18. Frequency, distribution, and clinical correlates of multiple HPV infections highlight the importance of assessing individual types in the management and the prediction of outcome of women with abnormal baseline cytology and point to potential limitations in current vaccine strategies.