[Posterior microphthalmos: contribution of OCT/SLO]. / Microphtalmie postérieure: apport de l'OCT/SLO.

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical features of the posterior segment in posterior microphthalmos and to describe the aspects of this anomaly in Ocular Coherence Tomography (OCT). CASE REPORT: A diagnosis of posterior picrophthalmos could be confirmed in a 18- year-old young man based on the presence of high hypermetropiea, axial length of the globe measurement of 14 mm and a thickening of the fovea in OCT. Family history was also positive in two other members. CONCLUSION: Posterior microphthalmos is a rare entity that may potentially be associated with blindness. OCT may be helpful both in the diagnosis and the follow-up of this anomaly.

[Solar retinopathy: optical coherence tomography findings]. / Retinopathie solaire: aspects en tomographie par coherence optique.

Through a case report, we discuss the clinical, angiographic aspects and the new information brought by the optical coherence tomography in the acute and chronic phase of the solar retinopathy.

[The value of "Crozafon-De Laage punch" in combined phacoemulsification--trabeculectomy]. / Intérêt de la "pince de Crozafon-De Laage" dans les interventions combinées phacoémulsification--trabéculectomie.

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of the "Crozafon-De Laage punch" during combined phacoemulsification-trabeculectomy interventions. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective Study of 75 eyes of 75 patients with cataract and open-angle glaucoma inadequately controlled by maximum medical and/or physical treatment. They underwent phacotrabeculectomy using the Crozafon-De Laage punch. We noted pre- and postoperative best visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) as well as intra- and postoperative complications. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 24 months (range, 9-36), the functional results were satisfactory, with an average VA gain during the 1(st) postsurgical month of 5.8/10(e)+/-1.58 (compared to the preoperative VA). This gain in VA was steady with VA greater than 5/10(e) in 96% of our patients at 1 and 24 postoperative months. The mean IOP reduction was meaningful and steady: reduction of 8.2mm at the 9(th) postoperative month maintained to the 24(th) month. Ninety-five percent of our patients did not need medical treatment until the last follow-up; for the remaining 5%, IOP was controlled using a single agent. No intraoperative complications related to the use of the Crozafon-De Laage punch were noted. The postoperative complications were marked by the occurrence of a minimal and transient inflammatory reaction in 5.3% of cases; it was associated with a pseudoexfoliative syndrome in all cases. CONCLUSION: Phacotrabeculectomy using the Crozafon-De Laage punch provides better control of glaucoma, faster functional rehabilitation, and fewer complications associated with filtration surgery.

[Full optical correction after cycloplegia in headache]. / Apport de la correction optique totale après cycloplégie dans les céphalées.

PURPOSE: To study the advantages of cycloplegia in the accurate assessment of refractive errors and to evaluate the impact of full optical correction in the course of headache. MATERIAL: and methods: A prospective study was carried out in 164 eyes of 82 patients with headache. Corrected visual acuity was 10/10 in all cases. Refraction was measured before and under cycloplegia by cyclopentolate with a CANON R 50 infrared autorefractometer. Full optical cycloplegic correction based on the value of refraction under cycloplegia was prescribed in all cases. Mean follow-up was 10 months. Statistical analyses were used: Student's t test, Pearson coefficient correlation, and Chi2. RESULTS: Under cycloplegia, hypermetropia was significantly the most frequent ametropia (67.1%, p<10(- 9)). The difference between the spherical equivalent, before and during cycloplegia, was highly significant (p<10(- 5)) at 0.79. Optical correction eliminated headaches in 76.5% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The authors conclude on the role of accommodation in headache onset and the need to continue cycloplegia until the age of 45. The importance of optical correction in alleviating headaches is underlined.

[Epidemiology and development of macular edema in the diabetic]. / Epidemiologie et evolution de l'oedème maculaire chez le diabétique.

Macular edema is the first cause of blindness in diabetics. Macular edema is defined by macular thickening or deposits of hard exudates. On 1000 diabetics examined over 2 years, 60 patients had a macular edema of which we retained 38 cases(54 eyes). All the patients had an ophthalmologic examination with a retinal angiography. Laser photocoagulation with green Argon laser was instituted in 50 eyes. 63% had background rethinopathy. Total or partial regression of the edema happened in 84.4%. Laser photocoagulation decrease by the half vision loss risk. Interest of early detection and treatment to decrease blindness incidence of macular edema in diabetics.