[Preeclampsia increases the risk of hyaline membrane disease in premature infant: a retrospective controlled study]. / La prééclampsie augmente le risque de maladie des membranes hyalines chez le prématuré : étude rétrospective contrôlée.

OBJECTIVES: Relation between preeclampsia (PE) and hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is still controversial. We found interesting to contribute to the study of this relation by comparing a HMD group to a control group with the aim to know if the risk to develop HMD was more important in case of PE. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two groups of premature infants (HMD group and control group) weighing less than 2000g and hospitalized between 1st January 2004 and 31st December 2005, were compared for data concerning mother (age, parity, diabetes, corticotherapy), PE (severity, complications, type and treatment), delivery (mode, infectious context, perinatal asphyxia) and neonatal stay (gestational age, birth, weight, sex). A multivariate analysis by logistic regression was used to control the effect of potential confounding variables that were considered risk factors for HMD. RESULTS: Ninety-seven neonates were retained and were compared to 97 control. PE was present in 71 cases in HMD group and in 51 cases of control group. This difference was statistically very significant (p=0.003). When we controlled for confounding variables, there was a significant increase in risk to develop HMD (odds ratio, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.8). CONCLUSION: The risk to develop HMD, in premature infant weighing less than 2000g, is increased in case of PE. These finding support that fetal lung maturity is not accelerated in PE, in the opposite, it is delayed.

[Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation: a neonatal case with unusual evolution]. / Anévrisme de l'ampoule de Gallien: à propos d'une observation néonatale d'évolution inhabituelle.

We report on a neonatal patient case with a cerebral vascular dilation consistent with a vein of Galen malformation diagnosed on an antenatal doppler ultrasound examination. Antenatal diagnosis was confirmed by fetal MRI scan. After delivery, cerebral MRI scan found the same dilatation and showed no cerebral parenchymal damage. The infant's condition was stable and particularly there was no congestive cardiac failure. Before discharge at ten days of age, clinical examination and particularly cardiac examination was normal. At 14 days of age, symptoms in relation to a congestive cardiac failure appeared. Echocardiography showed a high output cardiac failure with no cardiac malformation. Infectious laboratory tests were normal. Evolution was initially favourable after digitalo-diuretic treatment. Unfortunately, death occurred at 36 days of age due to intractable cardiac failure. This case highlights that, unusually, heart failure can occur long after the first days of life in cases of Galen vein aneurysmal malformation. The optimal time for vascular embolization in neonatal cases of Galen vein aneurysmal malformation is discussed.