RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of death by cancer worldwide. In Morocco, HCC is characterized by few mutations and a mild chromosome instability suggesting that epigenetic changes may represent the driving force of tumorigenesis in the region. Recently, three studies looked for an association between EP300 or PCAF polymorphisms and cancer but there is a conspicuous lack of data regarding these histone acetyltransferase (HAT) variants and HCC development. The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of the Ile997Val in EP300 and Asn386Ser in PCAF polymorphisms on the risk of HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a case-control study comparing 94 cases with HCC and 220 matching controls. Sequencing methods were used to determine the genotype at the Ile997Val and Asn386Ser on EP300 and PCAF. RESULTS: We found an overall association between genotypes Val/Val in EP300 and HCC risk (OR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.08-8.47; P=0.028). Population stratifications revealed a trend or significantly higher risks of HCC development for women and HCV-negative patients carrying the EP300 Val/Val genotype (OR, 4.06; 95% CI, 0.71-23.36; P=0.09 and OR, 4.48; 95% CI, 1.04-19.14; P=0.02, respectively). The PCAF Ser/Ser genotype at codon 386 was more frequent in HCC cases than in control group (P=0.03). We observed trends for higher risk of HCC among men and/or HCV-negative patients carrying Ser/Ser genotype when compared with controls (OR, 10.62; 95% CI, 0.50-225.13 and OR, 11.78; 95% CI, 0.47-295.56, respectively). CONCLUSION: It appears that variants of the transcriptional coactivator genes (EP300 and PCAF) may influence HCC risk in populations with low mutations or chromosomal instability rates. Additional surveys are warranted to confirm this first report.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Proteína p300 Associada a E1A/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Fatores de Transcrição de p300-CBP/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Instabilidade Cromossômica/genética , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Genótipo , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , Masculino , Cadeias de Markov , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Marrocos/epidemiologia , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Razão de Chances , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Rubella virus (RV) causes a mild disease, but maternal infection early in pregnancy often leads to birth defects known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Rubella remains poorly controlled in Africa. OBJECTIVES: To identify RV genotypes found in Africa to help establish a genetic baseline for RV molecular epidemiology. STUDY DESIGN: Urine and nasopharyngeal specimens were collected between 2001 and 2004 during measles surveillance in Morocco, Uganda and South Africa, and from two persons in the United States who contracted rubella in Cote d'Ivoire and Uganda in 2004 and 2007, respectively. RV RNA was obtained directly from specimens or from RV-infected cell cultures, amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and the resulting DNAs sequenced. Sequences were assigned to genotypes by phylogenetic analysis with RV reference sequences. RESULTS: Nine RV sequences were assigned as follows: 1E in Morocco, 1G in Uganda and Cote d'Ivoire, and 2B in South Africa. CONCLUSIONS: Information about RV genotypes circulating in Africa is improved which should aid in control of rubella and CRS in Africa.