Alteraciones nutricionales tras dieta muy baja en calorías previa a cirugía bariátrica / Nutritional alterations after very low-calorie diet before bariatric surgery

INTRODUCCIÓN: El número de personas obesas ha aumentado de forma alarmante en todo el mundo. Actualmente no existe un consenso acerca de si los pacientes que van a ser sometidos a una cirugía bariátrica deben o no perder peso antes de la misma. El objeto de la presente investigación es analizar la influencia de la pérdida de peso preoperatoria en los parámetros nutricionales de los pacientes. MÉTODOS: Se sometió a 50 pacientes que iban a ser intervenidos de una cirugía bariátrica a una dieta de muy bajo contenido calórico durante las 4 semanas previas a la intervención. Se analizaron los parámetros nutricionales en 3 momentos específicos: antes de empezar la dieta, en el momento de la intervención (al finalizar la dieta) y un mes después. RESULTADOS: La media de hemoglobina, albúmina y linfocitos se mantuvo dentro del rango de la normalidad en todo momento a pesar de que los descensos de dichos parámetros fueron estadísticamente significativos a lo largo del estudio (p < 0,05). Con la dieta de muy bajo contenido calórico se anemizó menos del 9,5% de la muestra. CONCLUSIONES: La pérdida de peso preoperatoria no influye de manera significativa en los parámetros nutricionales analizados. Estos resultados apoyarían la indicación de una pérdida de peso preoperatoria en los pacientes candidatos a cirugía bariátrica

INTRODUCTION: There has been an alarming worldwide increase of obese people in recent years. Currently, there is no consensus on whether patients that are scheduled to undergo bariatric surgery should lose weight before the intervention. The objective of this research is to analyse the influence of pre-surgery loss of weight in the nutritional parameters of patients. METHODS: Fifty patients that were scheduled to undergo bariatric surgery followed a very low caloric diet during 4 weeks prior to the surgery. The nutritional parameters were analysed at 3 specific moments: before starting the diet, at the moment of surgery (when the diet was concluded) and one month after the surgery. RESULTS: Average values for hemoglobin, albumina and lymphocytes were kept within the range of normal values at all moments, even though the decrease of those parameters was statistically significant throughout the study (P < .05). By following the very low caloric diet, less than 9.5% of the sample suffered anaemia. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of weight prior to surgery does not have a significant influence in the nutritional paramters of the patient. These results would support the indication of losing weight for patients that are considered candidates for bariatric surgery

Nutritional alterations after very low-calorie diet before bariatric surgery.

INTRODUCTION: There has been an alarming worldwide increase of obese people in recent years. Currently, there is no consensus on whether patients that are scheduled to undergo bariatric surgery should lose weight before the intervention. The objective of this research is to analyse the influence of pre-surgery loss of weight in the nutritional parameters of patients. METHODS: Fifty patients that were scheduled to undergo bariatric surgery followed a very low caloric diet during 4 weeks prior to the surgery. The nutritional parameters were analysed at 3 specific moments: before starting the diet, at the moment of surgery (when the diet was concluded) and one month after the surgery. RESULTS: Average values for hemoglobin, albumina and lymphocytes were kept within the range of normal values at all moments, even though the decrease of those parameters was statistically significant throughout the study (P<.05). By following the very low caloric diet, less than 9.5% of the sample suffered anaemia. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of weight prior to surgery does not have a significant influence in the nutritional parameters of the patient. These results would support the indication of losing weight for patients that are considered candidates for bariatric surgery.