RESUMO
The study investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of metformin (MET) on alcohol-induced neurotoxicity in adult Wistar rats. The animals were randomized in four groups (n = 10): control, alcohol (ALC), ALC + MET, and MET. ALC (2 g/kg b.w.) and MET (200 mg/kg b.w.) were orally administered for 21 days, once daily. For the ALC + MET group, MET was administered 2 h after ALC treatment. On day 22, the open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) were performed. MET improved global activity and increased the time spent in unprotected open arms, decreased oxidative stress, both in the frontal lobe and in the hippocampus, and increased neuroglobin expression in the frontal cortex. Histopathologically, an increased neurosecretory activity in the frontal cortex in the ALC + MET group was noticed. Thus, our findings suggest that metformin has antioxidant and anxiolytic effects and may partially reverse the neurotoxic effects induced by ethanol.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Metformina/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Animais , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Ansiedade/etiologia , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Etanol/toxicidade , Matriz Extracelular/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto , Metformina/uso terapêutico , Neuroglobina/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Estresse Oxidativo , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the comparative effects of prenatal exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) functionalized with citrate and polyphenols on spatial cognition and also on nitro-oxidative stress and apoptosis in the hippocampus and cerebellum of offsprings. MATERIALS & METHODS: Pregnant Wistar rats were orally administered substances from day 10 of gestation until day 21. Six weeks postpartum, six male offsprings from each group were used for behavioral evaluation and determination of oxidative stress and apoptosis. RESULTS: Both groups exhibited hyperactivity and anxiety especially after AgNPs-Sambucus nigra L. administration. AgNPs-S. nigra L. group showed increase in induced nitric oxide synthase activity and decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and apoptosis in the hippocampus, while AgNPs-citrate coated administration exerted a moderate toxicity and induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION: AgNPs functionalized with natural extracts had a lower toxicity than citrate-coated silver particles.