RESUMO
This review assesses the progress of NMR in the field of hemorheology, i.e., the assessment of the mechanical and physical characteristics of flowing blood. The review deals with the intrinsic rheological properties of the red cell and its constituents (membrane, cytoplasm), which are dominant in the microcirculation, and a section concerns the investigation of the cell/cell interaction phenomenon, known to give rise to the complicated non-Newtonian behavior of blood under most of the flow conditions encountered in the blood circulation using NMR.
Assuntos
Circulação Sanguínea/fisiologia , Eritrócitos/fisiologia , Humanos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , ReologiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine the red blood cell (RBC) disaggregability dependence upon the RBC shape. The study concentrated on stored blood during bank storage and on suspensions of artificially induced echinocytes. Measurements was performed in autologous plasma of hematocrit 0.45 and at constant plasmatic content. Rheological studies using stationary viscometry, nonstationary viscometry and rheoscopy were made in order to assess different stages of the disaggregability process. Whatever the method of measurement used, the morphological interpretation of the results reveal that beyond 75% of echinocytes within the sample, the disaggregation process is altered. The shear stresses required to dissociate the echinocyte aggregates are significantly higher than those required to disaggregate normal RBC rouleaux.
Assuntos
Agregação Eritrocítica , Deformação Eritrocítica , Eritrócitos/citologia , Humanos , ReologiaRESUMO
For the last 4 years, the author has been using, especially for oral surgery, a naso-tracheal catheter (Rosso catheter), the intra-facial part of which has an S-shape which follows the curves of the airway and the outer part of which, in reinforced latex, permits attachment to the face and easy, reliable connection to the anesthetic apparatus. This catheter is easy to introduce, keeps well in place and frees perfectly the operative field and gives the anesthetist satisfactory mastery of the patient's ventilation.
Assuntos
Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Doenças da Boca/cirurgia , HumanosAssuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias , Vacinas Bacterianas/administração & dosagem , Neisseria meningitidis/imunologia , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos , Administração Intranasal , Adolescente , Adulto , Formação de Anticorpos , Vacinas Bacterianas/efeitos adversos , Atividade Bactericida do Sangue , Portador Sadio , Sistema Livre de Células , Testes de Hemaglutinação , Humanos , Masculino , Meningite Meningocócica/epidemiologia , Mucosa Nasal/metabolismo , Nasofaringe/microbiologia , Vigilância da PopulaçãoAssuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Citomegalovirus/imunologia , Infecções por Herpesviridae/imunologia , Adulto , Formação de Anticorpos , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/imunologia , Hepatite A/epidemiologia , Hepatite A/imunologia , Infecções por Herpesviridae/epidemiologia , Humanos , Mononucleose Infecciosa/epidemiologia , Mononucleose Infecciosa/imunologia , Masculino , Medicina Militar , North Carolina , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/imunologia , South CarolinaRESUMO
Adenovirus disease was diagnosed in 2 hr by staining exfoliated infected oropharyngeal cells with fluorescein-tagged rabbit antisera to adenovirus types 4 and 7. The method was as sensitive as the standard virus isolation procedures, but serological cross reactions were observed. Viral antigens were detected in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of infected cells. Infection was accompanied by the outpouring of large numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and smaller numbers of mononuclear cells. The method provides a model for the study of the cellular response to viral upper respiratory disease.