Health-Monitoring Systems for Marine Structures: A Review.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art developments in health monitoring of marine structures. Monitoring the health of marine structures plays a key role in reducing the risk of structural failure. The authors establish the different sensors with their theoretical foundations and applications in order to determine the optimal position of the sensors on board. Once the data were collected, it was necessary to use for subsequent treatment; thus, the authors identified the different methodologies related to the treatment of data collected by the sensors. The authors provide a historical review of the location of different sensors depending on the type of ship and offshore platform. Finally, this review paper states the conclusions and future trends of this technology.

Analysis of the Behavior of Fiberglass Composite Panels in Contact with Water Subjected to Repeated Impacts.

One of the most common applications of glass fiber composite materials (GFRP) is the manufacturing of the hulls of high-speed boats. During navigation, the hull of these boats is subjected to repetitive impacts against the free surface of the water (slamming effect), which can cause severe damage to the material. To better understand the behavior of the composite material under this effect, in the present work, an experimental test has been carried out to reproduce the slamming phenomenon in GFRP panels by means of a novel device that allows this cyclic impact to be obtained while the panels are always in contact with water. By means of non-destructive ultrasound inspection in immersion, it has been possible to establish the evolution of the damage according to the number of impacts received by each panel. Destructive tests in the affected zone, specifically shear tests (Iosipescu test), allow determination of the loss of mechanical properties experienced by the material after receiving a high number of impacts in the presence of water (up to 900,000 impact cycles in some panels). The behavior of the material was found to be very different in wet and dry conditions. Under dry conditions, the material loses stiffness as the damage density increases and its shear strength also decreases, as does displacement at maximum load. For wet conditions, the material shows higher displacements at maximum load, while the shear strength decreases with increasing stiffness.

Compression Behavior of Hybrid Tubes for Lightweight Steel Structures.

This research shows the results of an experimental investigation carried out on the compression behavior of hybrid steel tubes formed by two concentric steel tubes and four different fillers of non-metallic material interposed between both tubes: polyurethane foam, polyurethane, epoxy and a cement-based mortar. The tests show that the incorporation of a resistant filler in the double tube allows it to improve its mechanical behavior by allowing a second load cycle. Furthermore, the strain energy absorbed during the two cycles led to the conclusion that the epoxy-filled tube absorbed more energy per unit of weight than the other resistant fillers.

Meningocele Cervical. Presentación de un caso / Cervical meningocele. A case report

El meningocele cervical es una forma rara de disrafismo espinal. La placa neural pasa por diversas transformaciones hasta convertirse en el tubo neural y cualquier alteración durante su cierre conllevará la aparición de la espina bífida. Durante el embarazo las necesidades maternas de folatos aumentan debido a la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos y proteínas durante la embriogénesis, velocidad de crecimiento y desarrollo fetal de los primeros meses de la gestación. Se presenta el caso de paciente masculino de 12 meses de edad, nacido de un parto eutócico institucional ocurrido el día 5 de diciembre del 2008, con una tumoración en la región posterior del cuello al nacer; es remitido al servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Mario Catarino Rivas. Se observó como dato positivo en la región cervical un aumento de volumen redondeado, adherido al plano profundo, renitente, movible y no doloroso cubierto de piel en su totalidad. Se le diagnostica un meningocele cervical y confirma mediante resonancia magnética nuclear cervicodorsal. Se realizó la resección del mismo en el mes de febrero del año 2010 y ha sido evaluado periódicamente en las consultas de neurocirugía y en su área de salud con evolución satisfactoria.

Cervical meningocele is a rare form of spinal dysrhahism. Neural plate undergoes various transformations to become into the neural tube, and any modifications occurring during the closure, will lead to the onset of spina bifida. During pregnancy the maternal needs of folates increase due to the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, all through the embryogenesis, velocity of growth and fetal development in the first months of pregnancy. A 12-months age, male patient, born from a normal delivery, December 5, 2008 at “Santa Barbara” Hospital, presented a tumor at birth in the posterior region of the neck; the patient was referred to the Neurosurgery Service at “Mario Catarino Rivas” Hospital. As positive information, a rounded volume increase in the cervical region was observed, it was adhere at profound plane, renitent, movable, painless, totally covered by skin. Cervical meningocele was diagnosed, confirming the diagnosis with a cervico-dorsal nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). February 2010 the tumor was removed and the patient is periodically assessed at Neurosurgery Service and in the health area, having a satisfactory evolution.

Meningocele cervical: presentación de un caso / Cervical meningocele: a case report

El meningocele cervical es una forma rara de disrafismo espinal. La placa neural pasa por diversas transformaciones hasta convertirse en el tubo neural y cualquier alteración durante su cierre conllevará la aparición de la espina bífida. Durante el embarazo las necesidades maternas de folatos aumentan debido a la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos y proteínas durante la embriogénesis, velocidad de crecimiento y desarrollo fetal de los primeros meses de la gestación. Se presenta el caso de paciente masculino de 12 meses de edad, nacido de un parto eutócico ocurrido el día 5 de diciembre del 2008 en el Hospital de Santa Bárbara, con una tumoración en la región posterior del cuello al nacer; es remitido al servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Mario Catarino Rivas. Se observó como dato positivo en la región cervical un aumento de volumen redondeado, adherido al plano profundo, renitente, movible y no doloroso cubierto de piel en su totalidad. Se le diagnostica un meningocele cervical y confirma mediante resonancia magnética nuclear cervicodorsal. Se realizó la resección del mismo en el mes de febrero del año 2010 y ha sido evaluado periódicamente en las consultas de neurocirugía y en su área de salud con evolución satisfactoria(AU)

Cervical meningocele is a rare form of spinal dysrhahism. Neural plate undergoes various transformations to become into the neural tube, and any modifications occurring during the closure, will lead to the onset of spina bifida. During pregnancy the maternal needs of folates increase due to the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, all through the embryogenesis, velocity of growth and fetal development in the first months of pregnancy. A 12-months age, male patient, born from a normal delivery, December 5, 2008 at Santa Barbara Hospital, presented a tumor at birth in the posterior region of the neck; the patient was referred to the Neurosurgery Service at Mario Catarino Rivas Hospital. As positive information, a rounded volume increase in the cervical region was observed, it was adhere at profound plane, renitent, movable, painless, totally covered by skin. Cervical meningocele was diagnosed, confirming the diagnosis with a cervico-dorsal nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). February 2010 the tumor was removed and the patient is periodically assessed at Neurosurgery Service and in the health area, having a satisfactory evolution(AU)

Modificaciones técnicas del modelo de trasplante pulmonar ortotópico en ratas con donantes en muerte cerebral / Technical Modifications of the Orthotopic Lung Transplantation Model in Rats with Brain-Dead Donors

Introducción: El trasplante microquirúrgico de pulmón en ratas ha permitido adquirir nuevos conocimientos sobre el trasplante de pulmón. Sin embargo, algunos aspectos de la técnica de trasplante en humanos aún no han sido incluidos en este modelo, lo que podría interferir en la interpretación clínica y en la extrapolación de los resultados. Método: Se han realizado 20 trasplantes pulmonares izquierdos con la técnica de manguitos (cuff) incorporando algunas modificaciones técnicas como la inducción de la muerte cerebral, el control del tiempo de isquemia, la perfusión retrógrada en el donante y la reperfusión secuencial controlada del pulmón implantado en el receptor. Resultados: La supervivencia ha sido del 80%. Los pulmones trasplantados mostraron una adecuada perfusión y ventilación con buena permeabilidad de las anastomosis. Se han observado signos de isquemia-reperfusión en todos los animales, y de rechazo agudo leve en la mitad de ellos. Conclusiones: El modelo que presentamos es válido y similar al procedimiento que se realiza en humanos, lo que reduciría el número de posibles variables derivadas de la técnica quirúrgica a la hora de extrapolar los resultados a la clínica(AU)

Background: Microsurgical lung transplantation in rats has allowed us to obtain new knowledge about lung transplantation. However, some aspects in human transplantation technique still have not been included in this model, which could interfere with the clinical interpretation and extrapolation of results .Methods: Twenty left lung transplantations were performed with a cuff technique and technical modifications, such as brain death induction, the control of ischemia time and retrograde perfusion in the donor and the controlled sequential reperfusion of the implanted lung in the recipient. Results: Survival rate was 80%. The transplanted lungs showed proper perfusion and ventilation with good permeability of the anastomoses. Signs of ischemia-reperfusion injury were observed in all animals while mild acute rejection was seen in half of them. Conclusions: The model shown proves valid and is very similar to the procedure carried out in humans, which would reduce the number of possible variables derived from the surgical technique when extrapolating the study results to clinical use(AU)

Technical modifications of the orthotopic lung transplantation model in rats with brain-dead donors.

BACKGROUND: Microsurgical lung transplantation in rats has allowed us to obtain new knowledge about lung transplantation. However, some aspects in human transplantation technique still have not been included in this model, which could interfere with the clinical interpretation and extrapolation of results. METHODS: Twenty left lung transplantations were performed with a cuff technique and technical modifications, such as brain death induction, the control of ischemia time and retrograde perfusion in the donor and the controlled sequential reperfusion of the implanted lung in the recipient. RESULTS: Survival rate was 80%. The transplanted lungs showed proper perfusion and ventilation with good permeability of the anastomoses. Signs of ischemia-reperfusion injury were observed in all animals while mild acute rejection was seen in half of them. CONCLUSIONS: The model shown proves valid and is very similar to the procedure carried out in humans, which would reduce the number of possible variables derived from the surgical technique when extrapolating the study results to clinical use.

Rápida detección de un brote de colonización por Serratia marcescens asociado a broncoscopias / Rapid detection of an outbreak of bronchoscopy-associated colonization by Serratia marcescens

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