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1.
Mol Cancer Ther ; 17(1): 140-149, 2018 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29079709

RESUMO

Targeted therapy against VEGF and mTOR pathways has been established as the standard-of-care for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); however, these treatments frequently fail and most patients become refractory requiring subsequent alternative therapeutic options. Therefore, development of innovative and effective treatments is imperative. About 80%-90% of ccRCC tumors express an inactive mutant form of the von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes target protein degradation. Strong genetic and experimental evidence supports the correlate that pVHL functional loss leads to the accumulation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α) and that an overabundance of HIF2α functions as a tumorigenic driver of ccRCC. In this report, we describe an RNAi therapeutic for HIF2α that utilizes a targeting ligand that selectively binds to integrins αvß3 and αvß5 frequently overexpressed in ccRCC. We demonstrate that functional delivery of a HIF2α-specific RNAi trigger resulted in HIF2α gene silencing and subsequent tumor growth inhibition and degeneration in an established orthotopic ccRCC xenograft model. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(1); 140-9. ©2017 AACR.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/terapia , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/administração & dosagem , Animais , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Inativação Gênica , Humanos , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Integrina alfaVbeta3/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Interferência de RNA , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , Receptores de Vitronectina/metabolismo , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
2.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can ; 35(4): 348-354, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23660043

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study examined a risk-factor-based assignment to either a subspecialist or a general gynaecologist for the management of women with endometrial cancer. METHODS: At diagnosis, all women with a diagnosis of endometrial cancer in four community hospitals were referred to a central cancer centre and stratified into low- and high-risk groups. Risk stratification was based primarily on central pathology review, with low-risk disease defined as grade 1, clinical stage 1. Women with low-risk disease were triaged back to the referring gynaecologist for surgery. Women with high-risk disease were managed at the cancer centre. The main outcome measures included risk status and pathology review, treatment and treatment location, and acceptability to patients and gynaecologists. RESULTS: Seventy-three women participated in this pilot study between November 2009 and 2010. Risk stratification was performed in all women: 37 were classified as high risk and 36 as low risk. Ninety-seven percent of women with high-risk disease were managed at the cancer centre, and 83% of these women underwent surgical staging compared with 8% for women with low-risk disease. This approach was acceptable to both patients and gynaecologists. CONCLUSION: This structured pattern of care for women with endometrial cancer resulted in a shift in management, with more women managed in accordance with oncologic guidelines, meaning that women at high risk for metastases had a lymphadenectomy performed.


Objectif : Cette étude s'est penchée sur une approche fondée sur des facteurs de risque en ce qui concerne l'orientation vers un sous-spécialiste ou un gynécologue généraliste pour ce qui est de la prise en charge des femmes présentant un cancer de l'endomètre. Méthodes : Au moment du diagnostic, toutes les femmes ayant obtenu un diagnostic de cancer de l'endomètre au sein de quatre hôpitaux communautaires ont été orientées vers un établissement anticancéreux centralisé et ont été stratifiées en groupes « risques faibles ¼ et « risques élevés ¼. La stratification du risque a été principalement fondée sur l'évaluation pathologique centrale, la maladie à faible risque ayant été définie comme étant de grade 1, stade clinique 1. Les femmes qui présentaient une maladie ne les exposant qu'à de faibles risques ont été réorientées vers le gynécologue orienteur à des fins de chirurgie. Les femmes qui présentaient une maladie les exposant à des risques élevés ont été prises en charge par le centre anticancéreux. Parmi les principaux critères d'évaluation, on comptait l'analyse de l'état du risque et de la pathologie, le traitement et l'emplacement du traitement, ainsi que l'acceptabilité aux yeux des patientes et des gynécologues. Résultats : Soixante-treize femmes ont participé à cette étude pilote entre novembre 2009 et 2010. La stratification du risque a été menée chez toutes les femmes : 37 d'entre elles ont été classées comme étant exposées à des risques élevés et 36, comme n'étant exposées qu'à de faibles risques. Quatre-vingt-dix-sept pour cent des femmes qui présentaient une maladie les exposant à des risques élevés ont été prises en charge par le centre anticancéreux : 83 % de ces femmes ont subi une stadification chirurgicale, par comparaison avec 8 % des femmes qui présentaient une maladie ne les exposant qu'à de faibles risques. Cette approche s'est avérée acceptable tant pour les patientes que pour les gynécologues. Conclusion : Ce profil structuré de soins pour les femmes présentant un cancer de l'endomètre a donné lieu à une modification de la prise en charge, un nombre plus important de femmes ayant été prises en charge conformément aux lignes directrices oncologiques, ce qui signifie que les femmes exposées à des risques élevés de métastases en sont venues à subir une lymphadénectomie.


Assuntos
Neoplasias do Endométrio/classificação , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Índice de Massa Corporal , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/cirurgia , Feminino , Ginecologia/métodos , Humanos , Excisão de Linfonodo , Oncologia/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica/patologia , Metástase Neoplásica/prevenção & controle , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Projetos Piloto , Medição de Risco/métodos
3.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 104(32): 12982-7, 2007 Aug 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17652171

RESUMO

Achieving efficient in vivo delivery of siRNA to the appropriate target cell would be a major advance in the use of RNAi in gene function studies and as a therapeutic modality. Hepatocytes, the key parenchymal cells of the liver, are a particularly attractive target cell type for siRNA delivery given their central role in several infectious and metabolic disorders. We have developed a vehicle for the delivery of siRNA to hepatocytes both in vitro and in vivo, which we have named siRNA Dynamic PolyConjugates. Key features of the Dynamic PolyConjugate technology include a membrane-active polymer, the ability to reversibly mask the activity of this polymer until it reaches the acidic environment of endosomes, and the ability to target this modified polymer and its siRNA cargo specifically to hepatocytes in vivo after simple, low-pressure i.v. injection. Using this delivery technology, we demonstrate effective knockdown of two endogenous genes in mouse liver: apolipoprotein B (apoB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (ppara). Knockdown of apoB resulted in clear phenotypic changes that included a significant reduction in serum cholesterol and increased fat accumulation in the liver, consistent with the known functions of apoB. Knockdown of ppara also resulted in a phenotype consistent with its known function, although with less penetrance than observed in apoB knockdown mice. Analyses of serum liver enzyme and cytokine levels in treated mice indicated that the siRNA Dynamic PolyConjugate was nontoxic and well tolerated.


Assuntos
Apolipoproteínas B/antagonistas & inibidores , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Polímeros/administração & dosagem , RNA Interferente Pequeno/administração & dosagem , Animais , Apolipoproteínas B/genética , Química Farmacêutica , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Endossomos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Fenótipo , RNA Mensageiro/análise , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo
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