Association between movement patterns and risk of musculoskeletal injuries in navy cadets: A cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of movement patterns evaluated by the Dynamic Movement Assessment (DMA) with the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries in navy cadets. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Participants were filmed performing the six functional tests of the DMA (deep squat, step up, single-leg squat, hop, plank and side-plank tests). PARTICIPANTS: 240 navy cadets. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Depending on the number of certain movement patterns on the Dynamic Movement Assessment (DMA), participants were classified as high, moderate, medium or low risk of developing injuries. Predictive associations between injuries and risk classification were examined using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Considering sex, previous injuries and the type of secondary school as covariates, participants who were classified as high risk were not more likely to develop injuries. Non-military high school was an independent risk factor for any injuries (OR = 3.14, 95% CI [1.43,6.91]; OR = 4.57, 95% CI [1.92,10.83]), overuse injuries (OR = 2.58, 95% CI [1.05,6.30]; OR = 2.55, 95% CI [1.06, 6.14]) and acute injuries (OR = 4.88, 95% CI [1.19,19.99]), respectively. Previous musculoskeletal symptoms also increased the chance of AI (OR = 4.45, 95% CI [1.15,17.18]; OR = 5.91, 95% CI [1.13,30.88]). CONCLUSIONS: Movement patterns evaluated by DMA are not associated with an increased risk of injuries. However, attendance of a non-military high school and previous musculoskeletal symptoms are associated with musculoskeletal injuries.

The association between the functional movement screen outcome and the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature investigating the association between the Functional Movement Screening (FMS™) score and musculoskeletal injuries in physical exercise based on relative risk (RR). METHODS: A systematic literature search was carried out in July 2018 in MEDLINE, LILACS, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL and Web of Science databases. Reference lists were explored to find studies that examined the association between FMS™ and injuries. The following data were extracted from the studies: the participants' profile, sample size, classification of musculoskeletal injuries, follow-up time and RR. Participants with FMS™ score <13-14 were considered as "high risk" depending on used cut-off. The Mantel-Haenszel Test with random-effect model and the RR measure was performed. The Begg Test was used to analyze the publication bias. RESULTS: A total of 1658 studies were retrieved from the databases and 20 were selected. A meta-analysis of 964 injuries in 2227 high-risk participants and 1719 injuries in 5756 low-risk participants showed that individuals at "high risk" by FMS™ had a RR = 1.51 (95%CI = 1.35-1.69) of developing injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals classified as "high risk" by FMS™ are 51% more likely to be affected by injury than those classified as having low risk, but the level of evidence is very low.

The effectiveness of the Pilates method: reducing the degree of non-structural scoliosis, and improving flexibility and pain in female college students.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Pilates with regard to the degree of scoliosis, flexibility and pain. METHOD: The study included 31 female students divided into two groups: a control group (CG = 11), which had no therapeutic intervention, and an experimental group (EG = 20), which underwent Pilates-based therapy. We used radiological goniometry measurements to assess the degree of scoliosis, standard goniometry measurements to determine the degree of flexibility and the scale of perceived pain using the Borg CR 10 to quantify the level of pain. RESULTS: The independent t test of the Cobb angle (t = - 2.317, p = 0.028), range of motion of trunk flexion (t = 3.088, p = 0.004) and pain (t = -2.478, p = 0.019) showed significant differences between the groups, with best values in the Pilates group. The dependent t test detected a significant decrease in the Cobb angle (Δ% = 38%, t = 6.115, p = 0.0001), a significant increase in trunk flexion (Δ% = 80%, t = -7.977, p = 0.0001) and a significant reduction in pain (Δ% = 60%, t = 7.102, p = 0.0001) in the EG. No significant difference in Cobb angle (t = 0.430, p = 0.676), trunk flexion, (t = 0.938p = 0.371) or pain (t = 0.896, p = 0.391) was found for the CG. CONCLUSION: The Pilates group was better than control group. The Pilates method showed a reduction in the degree of non-structural scoliosis, increased flexibility and decreased pain.