Effects of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The association between diabetes and inflammatory periodontal diseases has been studied extensively. However, there is a lack of robustness and homogeneity among studies describing effects of periodontal treatment on glycemic control. The aim of this study was to carry out a meta-analysis to understand whether periodontal treatment could improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Electronic searches were carried out on MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials from 1980 to July 2012. Randomized controlled trials of periodontal therapy on glycemic control in diabetic patients with a minimum of 3 months of follow-up were included. Meta-analysis was carried out with 8 studies involving 515 participants using Stata 11.0 software. Our results showed that periodontal treatment could lead to a significant decrease in HbA1c level. The standardized mean difference between intervention groups and control groups was significant: 1.03% (95% confidence interval: 0.31% to 1.70%, P = 0.003) from baseline to 3 months, and 1.18% (95% confidence interval: 0.72% to 1.64%, P < 0.001) from baseline to 6 months. Periodontal treatment could lead to a non-significant decrease in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels from baseline to 3 months. The standardized mean difference between the intervention and the control group was 0.69 mg/dl (95% confidence interval: -0.27 mg/dl to 1.66 mg/dl, P = 0.158). Our analysis indicated that periodontal treatment could improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients with periodontal diseases.

[Protective effect of calcium dobesilate against early diabetic nephropathy of rat kidney].

The aim of this study is to study the effect of calcium dobesilate on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced early diabetic nephrophathy (DN) in rats. All male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal group; DN blank group; calcium dobesilate 75, 150, and 300 mg x kg(-1) groups and perindopril 0.4 mg x kg(-1) group. Blood glucose and the 24 h urinary albumin were measured dynamically during the experiment, after 8 weeks administration, the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined, the expressions of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) in cortex of kidney were examined with immunohistochemical staining. The endothelin (ET) in plasma and kidney cortex was measured with radioimmunoassay, renal pathomorphism was observed with light and electron microscopes. Calcium dobesilate could decrease the 24 h urinary albumin and ET in plasma and kidney cortex, down-regulate the expression of PAI-1, and up-regulate MMP-9 in kidney. These findings suggested that calcium dobesilate could protect blood vessel endothelium, inhibit kidney fibrous degeneration, ameliorate renal pathological damage, and protect kidney function in many ways.