RESUMO
The attachment of tendon to bone, one of the greatest interfacial material mismatches in nature, presents an anomaly from the perspective of interfacial engineering. Deleterious stress concentrations arising at bi-material interfaces can be reduced in engineering practice by smooth interpolation of composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties. However, following normal development, the rotator cuff tendon-to-bone "insertion site" presents an interfacial zone that is more compliant than either tendon or bone. This compliant zone is not regenerated following healing, and its absence may account for the poor outcomes observed following both natural and post-surgical healing of insertion sites such as those at the rotator cuff of the shoulder. Here, we present results of numerical simulations which provide a rationale for such a seemingly illogical yet effective interfacial system. Through numerical optimization of a mathematical model of an insertion site, we show that stress concentrations can be reduced by a biomimetic grading of material properties. Our results suggest a new approach to functional grading for minimization of stress concentrations at interfaces.
RESUMO
We report the case of a 54 year old male with an original diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who developed a nodal T cell blast crisis (BC) while he was in a complete hematological remission (CR). We describe the clinical presentation and the histological, immunophenotypic and molecular characterization of the lymph node blast cells. Our case, together with other rare similar reports in the literature, argue that a T cell nodal blast crisis of CML resembles the presentation of a T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Assuntos
Crise Blástica/patologia , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/complicações , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/patologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfoma de Células T/diagnóstico , Crise Blástica/etiologia , Complexo CD3/análise , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem , Linfoma de Células T/etiologia , Linfoma de Células T/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cromossomo FiladélfiaRESUMO
[formula: see text] A new, regiocontrolled synthesis of carbocycle-fused indoles has been developed. The two-step procedure involves first the regiospecific arylation of silyl enol ethers with o-nitrophenylphenyliodonium fluoride (1). Reduction of the nitro group on the aromatic ring with TiCl3 followed by spontaneous condensation of the aniline with the ketone then affords the indole products.
