Mandibular lateral incisor-first premolar transposition in early mixed dentition: a rare case.

Dental transposition is an anomaly of eruption which is usually seen in the maxilla and rarely in the mandible. The mandibular lateral incisor's transposition with the permanent canine has a prevalence of less than 0.03%. The following case presents an even rarer situation, of a right lateral mandibular incisor that erupted in the place of the first premolar, in transposition with the temporary canine. In the first phase, a series of extractions have been performed, to ensure the necessary free space for moving the lateral incisor closer to its appropriate place, and after that a fixed orthodontic appliance was used. The biomechanics for intra-arch tooth movement was ingenious enough to ensure a perfect alignment of all permanent teeth and a functional Class I canine and molar final occlusion. Early intervention and successful move of the permanent canine in its correct position ensured the functionality of the mandibular movements and a good long-term prognosis.

Unilateral agenesis of permanent superior canine in familial peg-shaped lateral incisors: rare case report and literature review.

Agenesis of permanent maxillary and mandibular canines is very rare; one to all four can be missing, isolated or in association with other missing teeth or with dental morphology abnormalities. Such cases can present functional, esthetic, and psychological problems, since the canine's role in functional occlusion and in obtaining an aesthetic smile is crucial. Frequently, the canine's absence from the arch is caused by impaction; its congenital absence is extremely rare in patients with no associated syndrome. The aim of this paper was to present a very rare case of a non-syndromic Romanian adult female patient with a unilateral permanent maxillary missing canine, in association with peg-shaped maxillary lateral permanent incisors, which can have a genetic cause, since the same morphological abnormality was present in her father and her younger sister, who also presented a rare situation of bilateral upper transposition between the canines and lateral incisors. The association of a permanent maxillary canine hypodontia with bilateral "peg laterals" and transposition between the maxillary canine and the peg-shaped lateral incisors is also rare as a family character in healthy patients. Future statistical studies are necessary to establish the incidence of permanent maxillary canine agenesis in Romanian population. Also, the article includes a detailed literature review of reported cases of agenesis of permanent maxillary canines.

Supernumerary permanent maxillary canine - a rare finding: case report and literature review.

Supernumerary teeth are dental units that appear in addition to the regular number of teeth. Their most frequent location is the anterior maxilla, especially on the maxillary midline, being called mesiodens, but also paramedian or in the position of a lateral incisor. On the other hand, the permanent canine is one of the most stable teeth regarding the number, with very few cases reported about hypo- or hyperdontia. This article reviews the few data found in the literature about the supernumerary permanent maxillary canine and also presents the case of an 8-year-old female patient with a supplemental permanent canine in the upper left maxilla. The patient was non-syndromic and did not present any other supernumerary teeth in the permanent dentition; she had only one in the temporary dentition. Using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the region, we were able to evaluate the position, structure, and shape of the supplemental canine and also to establish a treatment plan. The aim of this paper was to present this extremely rare case of a non-syndromic Romanian adult female patient with a unilateral supplemental permanent maxillary canine, and to include a literature review of the few reported such cases.

Non-syndromic familial hypodontia: rare case reports and literature review.

Congenital absence of the teeth, affecting both physiognomy and mastication, can have a great impact on patients' quality of life. It may appear unilateral or bilateral; frequently, it associates with certain general conditions. Familial hypodontia in clinically healthy patients is rare. Genetic transmission, as a determinant factor in missing teeth, can be autosomal dominant, recessive, or related to the sex chromosomes. In case of congenitally missing permanent teeth, the corresponding deciduous teeth can be still found on the arch at adult age. The aim of this article is to present rare cases of familial non-syndromic unilateral and bilateral hypodontia in Romanian adult siblings, highlighting also a cross gene transmission between aunt and niece and evaluating the treatment options in accordance with patient's age and oral status. It shows that early diagnosis of hypodontia is crucial for the patient's future oral health. The decision to keep the temporary teeth or to extract them is influenced by the presence and status of the deciduous teeth, patient's access to treatment and parent's agreement. Asymptomatic adult patients, in which hypodontia was diagnosed during a routine control, do not usually solicit therapeutic intervention until the deciduous teeth are also lost; still, in situations where complications arise through their loss, the treatment of hypodontia is complex, involving a close collaboration between a team of specialists. The article also includes a detailed review of literature referring to the prevalence of hypodontia among different populations.