[New ultrastructural characteristics of the bone marrow stromal cells in patients with aplastic anemia]. / Novye ul'trastrukturnye osobennosti stromal'nykh kletok kostnogo mozga bol'nykh s aplasticheskoi anemiei.

Unlike hemopoietic cell, stromal cells of aplastic anemia patients' bone marrow undergo pathological shifts. This has been proved by ultrastructural investigations which showed intranuclear inclusions structurally similar to virus bodies. The latter are divided into three types this allowing follow-up of the inclusions to mature forms seen in the stromal cells cytoplasm. The findings suggest primary viral affection of stromal cellular elements of aplastic anemia patients' bone marrow. The attention is also drawn to ultrastructural shifts recorded in adipose cells in aplastic anemia.

[Ultrastructural organization of the hematopoietic microenvironment of human bone marrow]. / Ul'trastrukturnaia organizatsiia krovetvornogo mikrookruzheniia kostnogo mozga cheloveka.

The results have been presented of electron-microscopic and ultracytochemical investigations of sinusoidal vessels, fat, reticular and endosteal cells of the bone marrow from the iliac bone fragments of 30 normal subjects. Close morphological and functional relationships have been established between the structures of the hemopoietic microenvironment and hemopoietic cells, and the role of certain stromal elements in the maintenance of the hemopoietic function has been specified.

[Ultrastructural organization and argentophilic areas of the lymphoblastic nucleoli in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. / Ul'trastrukturnaia organizatsiia i argentofil'nye zony iadrushek limfoblastov bol'nykh ostrym limfoblastnym leikozom.

The ultrastructural organization and the state of silver-staining nucleoli (Ag-NOR) of peripheral blood and bone marrow lymphoblasts of 10 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were studied in the complex with the biochemical assay of the ribosomal levels in the cellular cytoplasm of these patients. In the majority of the patients investigated the morphological picture of the nucleolus and the character of Ag-NOR have evidenced the high functional activity of pRNA-synthesizing apparatus and correlated with the high ribosomal level in the cytoplasm of the cells studied. Significant accumulation of granular components (RNP-particles) in the nucleoli of the lymphoblasts, reflecting disorders in their transport from nucleus to cytoplasm, were detected only in 2 patients.

[Ultrastructural organization of nucleoli and ribosome level in lymphocytes at different stages of maturation in patients with chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukemia]. / Ul'trastrukturnaia organizatsiia iadryshek i uroven' ribosom v razlichnykh po stepeni zrelosti limfotsitakh krovi bol'nykh B-kletochnym khronicheskim limfoleikozom.

To clarify the role of the ribosome apparatus in the differentiation and maturation, the nucleolar ultrastructure, ribosome level and maturation stages of lymphocytes and their phorbol ester-induced differentiation capacity were studied immunologically, cytochemically and electron-microscopically in 16 patients with B-chronic lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL) and in one with small lymphocyte lymphoma. Most B-CLL cases had the clones mainly consisting of cells at an intermediate maturation stage. The cases with immature and mature lymphocyte clones were observed more rarely. The acid phosphatase activity did not correlate with the maturation stages of the lymphoid cells. The nucleolus activity ranged from virtually zero to high one. In general, there was a relationship between the ribosome content and nucleolus activity, although there were exceptions suggesting the impaired ribosome biogenesis. There was no correlation between the ribosome content and maturation degree of B-CLL lymphocytes and their phorbol-ester-induced differentiation capacity.

[Various morphofunctional characteristics of hematopoietic tissue in preleukemic conditions]. / Nekotorye morfofunktsional'nye osobennosti gemopoéticheskoi tkani pri predleikoznykh sostoianiiakh.

Cultural, ultrastructural, cytochemical and histological investigations of bone marrow tissue were conducted in 26 patients with varying types of preleukemia states. A number of early structural, morphological and functional signs of hemopoietic disorders of different character and manifestation degree have been revealed. Particularly, a relationship has been established between the pathologic changes appearing in the bone marrow stroma and disorders in the morphological and functional state of the hemopoietic cells.

[Endosteal cells of the bone marrow stroma in human iliac bone]. / Endostal'nye kletki stromy kostnogo mozga podvzdoshnoi kosti cheloveka.

The data on histological and electron microscopical investigation of the endosteal cells of the human iliac bone are presented. Three types of stromal elements in the endosteum, differing in their ultrastructural organization have been revealed. In the endosteal areas young hemopoietic cells are present, they are closely connected with the stroma. A suggestion is made on an important role of the endosteum in processes of proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic predecessors.

[Adipocytes and reticular cells of the bone marrow stroma in the human iliac bone]. / Adipotsity i retikuliarnye kletki stromy kostnogo mozga podvzdoshnoi kosti cheloveka.

The results of the histological and electron microscopic investigation of adipose and reticular cells and their interconnections with blood cells are presented in the material of trephine biopsies of the iliac bone. A possibility for development of adipocytes from the adventitial reticular cells is demonstrated. Close contacts are revealed between pre-adipocytes and young hemopoietic cells. Two types of the reticular cells are characterized, they differ in their position, structural organization and interconnection with the young hemopoietic elements. The peculiarities revealed in the morphofunctional state of the microenvironmental structures demonstrate functional variegation of the stromal elements, and also attest an essential importance of intercellular contacts of the hemopoietic predecessors and the stromal cells in maintaining the hemopoietic function of the bone marrow.

[Sinusoids of the bone marrow stroma in the human iliac bone]. / Sinusoidy stromy kostnogo mozga podvzdoshnoi kosti cheloveka.

Results of histological and ultramicroscopic investigations of sinusoid vessels are presented. Interrupted structure of the basal membrane and continuous endothelial lining are revealed. Endotheliocytes of two types are described. At places of blood cells migration functional activity of endothelium is increased and the basal membrane is absent. A suggestion is made that the endothelial cells directly influence hemopoiesis.

[Committed granulomonocytic precursors in human embryonic organs]. / Kommitirovannye granulomonotsitarnye predshestvenniki v émbrional'nykh organakh cheloveka.

By means of a modified Howell semisolid medium it has been established that the relative content of committed stem cells of the myeloid clone in liver and spleen tissues of human fetus, aged between 18 and 24 weeks, is higher by five times than that in the bone marrow of adults. The methods worked out for making preparations of agar cultures and for their morphocytochemical staining may be used for the identification of grown cell elements; they are simple and reproducible.

[Changes in rat testis glandulocytes under deep hypothermia]. / Ob izmenenii glandulotsitov semennika krysy pri glubokoi gipotermii

White mongrel rats weighing 180-220 g were daily cooled in water at 4-5 degrees C up to 21-23 degrees C in the rectum. The animals were killed on the 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25th days of experiment. The total amount of glandulocytes counted per a cross section of the tubule did not change throughout the experiment. The total weight of pictures of 100 glandulocytes (taken randomly), obtained through a drawing apparatus on a standard paper was reliably decreased by 28%. By the end of the observation period the amount of degenerating glandulocytes increased 2 times and that of slightly active in a functional respect so-called "small" glandulocytes increased 4 times, while the number of active ("large") glandulocytes diminished approximately 1,5 times. The activity of SDG and ICDG in interstitial cells dropped by 26% and 18%. The activity of LDG was 52% greater. The G-6-PhDG activity was 40% greater while the activity of clue enzyme steroidgenase--3beta-OSD under hypothermia was inhibited by 36%.