[The experiment of searching a biological origin traces with an expert light source]. / Opyt ispol'zovaniya istochnikov ekspertnogo sveta dlya poiska sledov biologicheskogo proiskhozhdeniya.

The aim of the work is assessment of the efficiency of detection the biological traces by various sources of expert light. Hidden traces of blood, saliva, semen and urine were detecting on various types of carrier objects. Was described the biological appearance depended on both the nature of the material and the properties of the carrier object: color, the presence of luminescent substances in the composition, the nature of the surface (smooth, fleecy), thickness, ability to adsorb and conduct liquid. Recommendations were given for the effective searching of biological traces on material evidence using expert light sources.

[The aspects of a molecular-genetic study of human hair depending on their morphological characteristics. II. The peculiarities of genotyping]. / Aspekty molekuliarno-geneticheskogo issledovaniia volos cheloveka v zavisimosti ot ikh morfologicheskikh kharakteristik. II. Osobennosti genotipirovaniia.

The objective of the present study was to optimize genotyping of nuclear DNA contained in human hair. The most efficient procedures for DNA isolation and typing are described taking into consideration the hair growth phase, the epithelial tissue conditions, and the number of nuclei in the near-root ends of the hair. The recommendations for the expert interpretation of the results of the molecular-genetic investigations are proposed.

[The aspects of the molecular-genetic investigations of human hair depending on its morphological characteristics. I. Prognostic screening]. / Aspekty molekuliarno-geneticheskogo issledovaniia volos cheloveka v zavisimosti ot ikh morfologicheskikh kharakteristik. I. Prognosticheskii skrining.

The objective of the present work was to develop the method for the selection of hairs suitable for the molecular-genetic investigation of nuclear DNA. It was proposed to distinguish between five groups of hair depending on its growth phase, the presence or absence of epithelial tissues at the root terminus. An algorithm was developed for carrying out prognostic screening including the morphological and cytomorphological investigations the results of which can be used to evaluate the possibility for further genotyping.

[Detection of ABH-Lewis antigens in trace discharges using one-stage immunoenzyme assay with dot modification].

A one-step modification ofimmunoenzyme assay (dot variant) is proposed for the detection of ABH-Lewis antigens in human discharges (saliva, sperm, vaginal discharge). Sensitivity and specificity of the new method is higher than those of other methods currently used in forensic medicine for the detection of antigens in human body discharges; its other advantages over routine techniques include procedural simplicity, high performance, and the possibility of conducting series measurements with minimal labour inputs. Moreover, it provides information not only about group characteristic but also about category of discharge. The analysis is carried out in supernatant fractions which permits to reserve cellular material for molecular-genetic studies.

[The development and application of an immunoenzyme assay kit for the detection of compounds of the opiate family in human biological liquids].

Monoclonal antimorphine antibodies both free and conjugated with horse- radish peroxidase have been raised and used to develop an assay kit for the detection of narcotic opiate-based drugs by an immuno-enzyme assay (IEA). The kit contains all ingredients necessary for the enzymatic reaction. A total of 215 urine and blood samples were analysed using the new kit. The results were compared with the data obtained by thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. False negative results were absent while false positive (inconclusive) results were recorded in three cases, probably due to the fact that sensitivity of IEA is higher than that of control methods. It is concluded that the kit may be used in laboratory screening studies for detecting opiates in biological fluids.