Adherence to PRISMA 2020 reporting guidelines and scope of systematic reviews published in nursing: A cross-sectional analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Systematic reviews are considered the highest level of evidence that can help guide evidence-informed decisions in nursing practice, education, and even health policy. Systematic review publications have increased from a sporadic few in 1980s to more than 10,000 systematic reviews published every year and around 30,000 registered in prospective registries. METHODS: A cross-sectional design and a variety of data sources were triangulated to identify the journals from which systematic reviews would be evaluated for adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 reporting guidelines and scope. Specifically, this study used the PRISMA 2020 reporting guidelines to assess the reporting of the introduction, methods, information sources and search strategy, study selection process, quality/bias assessments, and results and discussion aspects of the included systematic reviews. RESULTS: Upon review of the 215 systematic reviews published in 10 top-tier journals in the field of nursing in 2019 and 2020, this study identified several opportunities to improve the reporting of systematic reviews in the context of the 2020 PRISMA statement. Areas of priority for reporting include the following key areas: (1) information sources, (2) search strategies, (3) study selection process, (4) bias reporting, (5) explicit discussion of the implications to policy, and lastly, the need for (6) prospective protocol registration. DISCUSSION: The use of the PRISMA 2020 guidelines by authors, peer reviewers, and editors can help to ensure the transparent and detailed reporting of systematic reviews published in the nursing literature. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Systematic reviews are considered strong research evidence that can guide evidence-based practice and even clinical decision-making. This paper addresses some common methodological and process issues among systematic reviews that can guide clinicians and practitioners to be more critical in appraising research evidence that can shape nursing practice.

A conjoint analysis of the acute and critical care experiential learning preferences of Baccalaureate student nurses.

With the increasing need for competent nurses specializing in acute and critical care, educators must consider the needs and preferences of students in designing experiential learning programs. This cross-sectional, choice-based conjoint analysis determined the acute and critical care experiential learning preferences of student nurses. From March to July 2016, 213 randomly-selected student nurses from a higher education institution in Manila, Philippines were surveyed and ranked 20 choice bundles with 5 selected attributes of the experiential learning program. Results showed that duration of unit exposure (48.73%) and group structure (7.46%) were the most and least valued attributes, respectively. Additionally, student nurses prefer an experiential learning program that lasts for 1 week (21 h) per unit (utility = 0.93), has a stay-in instructor (utility = 0.30), encourages full student involvement (utility = 1.08), deploys 2-3 students per group (utility = 0.09), and provides both single program and on-going unit orientation (utility = 0.52). Part-worth utilities of duration of unit exposure (t = 3.65, p = 0.0001) and group structure (t = 3.46, p = 0.001) differed between gender. With a model explaining the acute and critical care experiential learning preferences of student nurses, nursing institutions can restructure their clinical placement to maximize positive learning.

Characteristics of a critical care clinical placement programme affecting critical care nursing competency of baccalaureate nursing students: A structural equation modelling.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and determine the characteristics of a critical care clinical placement programme affecting the critical care nursing competency of baccalaureate nursing students. BACKGROUND: The increase in global demand for competent critical care services and human resources translates to an educational focus in preparing students for their eventual role as critical care health professionals. Albeit clinical placement in critical care units can promote competency, evidence supporting such claim remains inadequate. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design. METHOD: Employing structural equation modelling, 236 randomly selected baccalaureate nursing students from a clinically intensive university in the Philippines were recruited from January-March 2016. A three-part online survey, composed of the robotfoto, Critical Care Nursing Rotation Evaluation Questionnaire, and Intensive and Critical Care Nursing Competence Scale, was completed. The STROBE checklist was followed in reporting this study. RESULTS: Five characteristics of clinical placement were extracted as follows: sufficient clinical exposure, adequate area orientation, supportive clinical instructor, diversified medical cases and supplemental learning resources. Four characteristics affected critical care nursing competency and built a good model (χ2 /df = 1.52; comparative fit index = 0.94; parsimonious normal fit index = 0.77; root mean square error of approximation = 0.047). Adequate area orientation had the most diverse influence on all competency domains, while supportive clinical instructor had the strongest positive influence on critical care nursing skill (ß = 0.30, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: The model highlights the characteristics of a critical care clinical placement programme which influences critical care nursing competency among nursing students. It emphasised the importance of a supportive clinical instructor and adequate area orientation in promoting critical care nursing skills and values and attitude. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The proposed model highlights the role of clinical instructors and appropriate orientation which provides impetus in improving the clinical placement design to maximise competency development.

Effectiveness of a community-based health programme on the blood pressure control, adherence and knowledge of adults with hypertension: A PRECEDE-PROCEED model approach.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of a community-based health programme grounded on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, on the knowledge, adherence and blood pressure control of community-dwelling adults with hypertension. BACKGROUND: Hypertension has consistently been a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in different countries and has continuously increased in prevalence. Albeit manageable with lifestyle modification and anti-hypertensive medications, adequate knowledge and poor adherence to these treatment regimens are issues that have led to poor blood pressure control. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental, one-group pretest-post-test design. METHODS: The PRECEDE-PROCEED model was used to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the community-based health programme. From August to October 2017, a total of 50 community-dwelling adults with hypertension participated in the programme which included blood pressure monitoring, targeted health educations, motivational interviews, individualised lifestyle modification plans and house-to-house visits. Knowledge, adherence and blood pressure were assessed at the start and at the end of the 2-month programme. Gathered data were analysed using descriptive statistics and RM-MANOVA. The TREND checklist was followed in reporting this study (See Appendix S1). RESULTS: After 2 months, the mean adherence, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure significantly improved, attributing more than 25% of the change. Although knowledge scores were significantly higher after the programme, it only accounted 9% of the improvement. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence on the effectiveness of a community-based health programme grounded on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on the knowledge, adherence and blood pressure control of community-dwelling adults with hypertension. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The community-based health programme is beneficial to community-dwelling adults with hypertension in promoting knowledge and adherence to treatment regimen and improving BP control. This study also provides a framework for developing new or enhancing existing programmes on hypertension in the Philippines.

Developing and testing a model of quality of life among chronically-ill, community-dwelling older adults: A structural equation model.

PURPOSE: Although healthy ageing aims for better quality of life, the inability of older adults to adequately care for themselves and their health impair the realization of such objective. Moreover, in a collectivist community like the Philippines, the family, community, and Transcendent are inseparable in promoting quality of life. This study developed and tested a model of quality of life (QoL) among chronically-ill, community-dwelling older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From August to November 2017, a cross-sectional study of 304 chronically-ill, community-dwelling older adults from selected rural communities in the Philippines was conducted. Respondents completed a five-part survey packet composed of the socio-demographic profile, modified Older People's Quality of Life, Spirituality Assessment Scale, Hypertension Self-Care Profile, and Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire. RESULTS: Socio-demographics, community satisfaction, spirituality, and disease self-management accounted 29.00% of QoL, generating a good model (χ2/df = 1.44, RMSEA = 0.038, and PNFI = 0.64). Spirituality (ß = 0.34, p < 0.01) was the strongest predictor of QoL, while community satisfaction had both direct (ß = 0.26, p < 0.01) and indirect (ß = 0.08, p < 0.01) effects. Disease self-management directly (ß = 0.15, p = 0.016) influenced QoL. In contrast, longer chronicity and larger family size impair QoL. CONCLUSION: Quality of life among chronically-ill, community-dwelling older adults is a multi-faceted health construct influenced by socio-demographics, disease self-management, community satisfaction, and spirituality. The presented model highlights the positive effect of disease self-management, community satisfaction, and spirituality which can be utilized in developing appropriate community-based geriatric strategies, policies, and programs. Further, forming collaborative groups with socially-active community elderly and community-based self-care programs can be ventured to address the needs of older adults.