[Implantation of stent- graft because of aorta rupture in polytrauma].

The article describes the clinical case and analyzes the literature concerning endoprosthesis replacement in the case of traumatic thoracic aortic injury in polytrauma. Current strategy of diagnostics and treatment of patient in critical condition with rupture of isthmic aortic part is based on the principle of multistage surgical treatment (damage control orthopedic). The external fixation of multiple pelvis and extremities fractures and on-time implantation of stent-graft in thoracic aortic part were performed at first hours after the admission. A condition of the patient was stabilized. The delayed reconstructive operations on pelvis and extremities bones allowed obtaining the satisfactory functional result. The principles of staged surgical treatment and the use of on-time high-technology methods allowed saving life for the patient even in critical situation in I level traumatologic centre.

[The fat embolism syndrome in severe combined traumas].

The authors discuss problems of prognosis, prophylactics, diagnosis and treatment of syndrome of fat embolism in severe combined traumas. On the basis of great statistical material a scale for prognosis of the risk of the development of the syndrome directly at the admission of the patient has been developed and a system of prophylactic measures is proposed started since the fist hours at the hospital. A scale for diagnosis has been proposed for diagnosis of the developed fat embolism syndrome. An original scheme of treatment is proposed. The schemes of prophylactics and treatment of the fat embolism syndrome as applied to a great number of patients allowed the frequency of occurrence of the syndrome to become three times less, and lethality of patients with the developed syndrome was more than two times less.

[Metabolic bases of the pathogenesis of severe multiple trauma]. / Metabolicheskie osnovy patogeneza tiazheloi sochetannoi travmy.

Under analysis there were data of hormonal activity of the hypothalamo-hypohysis-adrenocortical system and the incretory apparatus of the pancreas, metabolism (of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates) and concentration of microelements (iron, zinc), lipid peroxidation (content of malonic dialdehyde and diene conjugates, on the one hand, and total oxidative activity of blood, superoxide dismutase (SOD), ceruloplasmin, catalase, SH-group, on the other hand) and results of its therapeutic correction (with superoxide dismutase, ionole, extracorporeal laser irradiation and laser irradiation of the wounds), content of the inflammatory reaction markers (tumor necrosis factor and IL-1) in patients with a severe combined trauma in the dynamics of traumatic disease. The results obtained and literature data allow a conclusion to be made that the basis of metabolic changes in severe combined traumas are formed by a developing adaptation reaction of organism immediately after trauma integrated with the systemic aseptic inflammatory response caused by vast necrosis of tissues, hypo- and reperfusion processes. The intensity of these reactions depends on severity of the trauma, determines its clinical course and outcome. The therapeutic correction of higher activity of the lipid peroxidation system (caused by a systemic inflammatory response) ionol, extracorporeal laser irradiation of blood, laser therapy of the wounds increase the antioxidative volume of blood and decrease the production of lipid peroxidation. Early intrabronchial instillation of homogenic SOD increases the total antioxidative activity, the level of SOD and catalase, decreases the content of malonic dialdehyde in the sediment of broncho-alveolar lavage and in blood.

Comparison of tumour blood flow changes induced by step-up and step-down heating.

The changes in the blood flow in SCC-VII tumours after step-down and step-up heating (SDH and SUH) were compared. SDH was carried out by initial treatment of tumours in a water bath at 44.5 degrees C for 10 min, immediately followed by heating at 41.5 degrees C for 60 min. For SUH, the sequence of these high- and low-temperature treatments was reversed. Tumour perfusion was evaluated by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) at 1, 2, and 24h after finishing the hyperthermia. It was shown that the decrease in the blood flow in tumours was more substantial after SDH than after SUH; in the former case, the drop in LDF values was both faster and larger than in the latter. It is concluded that such a "physiological' component may be involved in the difference in the antitumour effect between SDH and SUH.

[Measurement of the number of single-strand breaks in DNA of irradiated leukemia P-388 using alkaline denaturation]. / Izmerenie kolichestva odnonitevykh razryvov v DNK obluchennykh kletok leikoza P-388 metodom shchelochnoi denaturatsii.

Methods, used for indirect determination of single-thread breaks' quantity in DNA, based on it's denaturation in alkali medium and further determination of double-thread DNA quantity by it's fluorescence has been adapted to the measuring of thread disturbances on leukemia P-388 cells. Influence of cells' and alkali concentrations and the time of denaturation of quantity of double-thread DNA has been investigated.