[Prevalence of smoking in Izhevsk].

The purpose of the investigation was to study the prevalence of smoking as the most aggressive risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in different populations of a large industrial center. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 485 schoolchildren, 427 students, and 1406 adults from Izhevsk. The smoking rates were 73.4, 20.5, and 36.3 per 100 respondents among men, women, and students, respectively. Among the schoolchildren from the 9th to 11th forms, the number of smokers increased from 29.0 to 48.9 and from 10.2 to 11.2 per 100 respondents in boys and girls, respectively. The smokers with higher education were fewer than those with secondary and secondary specialized education.

[State of the visual organ in pupils of a secondary school and a general education school]. / Sostoianie organa zreniia u uchashchikhsia litseia i obshcheobrazovatel'noi shkoly.

The impact of school loads on visual function was studied in 845 pupils from two general educational schools and two lyceums of Izhevsk. The studies confirmed the negative impact of school teaching on the children's vision. Negative trends were most noticeable in junior (1st-5th-form), girls, and children having additional classes, in the lyceums in particular.

[The determination of free and bound oxyproline in urine]. / Opredelenie svobodnogo i sviazannogo oksiprolina v moche.

A method of measuring urinary free, peptide- and protein-bound hydroxyproline is suggested. Adults were found to excrete 18 mumol of free, 155 mumol of peptide-bound, and 8 mumol of protein-bound hydroxyproline daily. In children daily urinary levels of free and peptide-bound hydroxyproline were higher. Data are presented on changes in various hydroxyproline forms in pneumonia, rheumatic fever, and hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome.