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Background and aim: As the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin (IL)-10 gene continues to be a major challenge in the development of effective therapies for digestive cancers, this case-control study was conducted to assess the possible influence of genotype, haplotype and diplotype for two SNPs (-1082A/G (rs1800896) and -592A/C (rs1800872)) located in the promoter region of IL-10 gene on the incidence, severity and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Tunisians. Methods: IL-10 gene SNPs were analyzed in 130 CRC cases and 165 healthy subjects (HS) using PCR-SSP. Results: For the IL-10 -1082A/G SNP, the comparison of genotype frequencies between cases and HS groups showed that the G allele significantly reduced CRC risk under the recessive model (GG vs. AA + AG: OR [95%CI] = 0.44 [0.21-0.93], p = 0.03). Conversely, a positive association was observed between the codominant model (AG vs. AA + GG) and high susceptibility (OR [95%CI] = 1.65 [1.02-2.63], p = 0.04). After stratification by disease site, the recessive model was also found to reduce susceptibility to colon cancer (OR [95%CI] = 0.18 [0.04-0.72], p = 0 0.01), while the homozygote model (AA vs. GG) was suggested as a risk factor (OR [95%CI] = 5.16 [1.31-23.26], p = 0.02). Furthermore, the codominant model (AG vs. AA + GG) doubled the risk of rectum cancer (OR [95%CI] = 1.98 [1.07-3.70], p = 0.03). For the IL-10 -592A/C SNP, the codominant model (AC vs. AA + CC) has a protective effect against the development of CRC (OR [95%CI] = 0.59 [0.36-0.94], p = 0.03). The IL-10 gene haplotype was not associated with CRC risk. A stratified analysis by disease site demonstrated that the presence of Hap3 (-1082G and -592C alleles) specifically reduced the risk of developing colon cancer (OR [95%CI] = 0.51 [0.32-0.80], p = 0.003). Moreover, homozygous Hap3/Hap3 diplotype significantly reduced susceptibility to CRC (OR [95%CI] = 0.35 [0.14-0.85], p = 0.02). Interestingly, this diplotype has not been identified in colon cancer patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the homozygous Hap2/Hap2 diplotype was significantly associated with decreased overall survival (Log-rank: p = 0.01). This association was also observed in the colon cancer subgroup (Log-rank: p = 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings provide preliminary indications that the -1082A/G and -592/AC SNPs within the IL-10 gene may exhibit significant associations with the pathogenesis and prognostic outcomes of CRC. However, further investigations are still warranted to validate and establish the veracity of our findings.
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Metastasis to the pancreas from malignant tumors is a rare event, representing only 1% to 2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. They occur in 2 different clinicopathological settings: as a manifestation in widespread metastatic disease or as an isolated mass in the pancreas. We report the case of a 41-year-old woman who had a history of invasive lobular breast cancer treated with radical surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. After 21 years of total remission, she presented for severe lower back pain with jaundice, nausea, and loss of 9 kg in 3 months. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated a hyper vascularized, irregular solid lesion of 2.6 cm × 2.1 cm in the head of the pancreas with discreet biliary duct dilatation and coelio-mesenteric enlarged lymph nodes measuring 2 cm. The diagnosis of pancreatic metastasis from a lobular breast carcinoma was made by percutaneous biopsy of pancreatic lesion. The multidisciplinary committee decided a palliative treatment. The patient received chemotherapy. The take home message from his case is that we should keep in mind the hypothesis of a solitary metastasis to the pancreas, when the pancreatic lesion develops in a patient who had a clinical history of previous neoplasm especially in those which is known to potentially metastasize to pancreas.
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Neoplasias da Mama , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/secundário , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Carcinoma Lobular/secundário , Carcinoma Lobular/diagnóstico , Pâncreas/patologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Vaginal metastasis from colorectal cancer is a rare occurrence, typically associated with other metastatic lesions. Isolated metastasis is exceedingly uncommon, with only a few cases documented in the literature. Vaginal involvement in colorectal cancer primarily results from direct contiguous spread from the primary tumor. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 70-year-old African woman diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the middle rectum. She underwent chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and subsequent anterior resection. After 2 months, an isolated metastasis of rectal cancer was identified in the lower third of the left vaginal wall, confirmed by biopsy. Colonoscopy ruled out colorectal recurrence. Thoraco-abdominal computed tomography scan showed no distant metastases. The patient underwent abdominoperineal resection, removing the lateral and posterior vaginal wall with free macroscopic margins and a definitive colostomy. The final histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the vagina, measuring 5 × 4.5 cm. The rectal wall was extrinsically invaded by the tumor down to the muscularis propria while respecting the rectal mucosa. Resection margins were negative. The patient was discharged 1 week postoperation with no complications. Adjuvant chemotherapy was indicated, and the patient is currently tolerating the treatment well. CONCLUSION: Vaginal metastases from colorectal cancer are extremely rare. A vigilant gynecological examination is recommended during the follow-up of colorectal cancer patients. Diagnosis can be challenging, especially if the metastatic lesion is small and asymptomatic, even after standard radiological examination. Surgical resection followed by chemotherapy is a valid option for patients with early isolated metastases.
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Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias Retais , Neoplasias Vaginais , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento , Vagina/patologia , Neoplasias Vaginais/secundário , Neoplasias Vaginais/terapiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sex cord-stromal tumors with annular tubules are a rare tumor accounting for less than 1% of all ovarian malignancies. However, they are characterized by very late recurrence, which can be as late as 30 years after diagnosis and treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: A 16-year-old female Caucasian patient was treated in our department for a stage IA ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors with annular tubules. She underwent a left salpingo-oophorectomy and ipsilateral pelvic node biopsy with no adjuvant treatment. She was seen for amenorrhea after being lost to follow up for 16 years. The diagnosis of recurrence was made by radiology and the elevation of serum inhibin B level. The patient underwent resection of the tumor, left segmental colectomy, and paraaortic lymphadenectomy because the mass was massively adherent to the left mesocolon. Histology confirmed the diagnosis with no metastatic lymph nodes. No adjuvant therapy was indicated. The patient was lost to follow-up again for 4 years and re-presented for amenorrhea. Serum inhibin B level was high. A second recurrence was suggested, and the patient underwent a laparoscopic surgery. We performed left pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy, and 3 months after surgery the patient was pregnant. CONCLUSION: Sex cord-stromal tumors with annular tubules is a slow-growing ovarian tumor with a high potential for recurrence and metastasis. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Due to the rarity of these tumors, they are often unsuspected and thus incompletely staged before primary surgery; the diagnosis is made by histological examination. The prognosis of these patients is unknown, and they require long-term follow-up.
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Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/cirurgia , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/patologia , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/diagnóstico , Excisão de Linfonodo , Metástase Linfática , Linfonodos/patologia , Salpingo-Ooforectomia , Inibinas/sangueRESUMO
Primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with an incidence of 0.016% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The most common histologic subtype is large diffuse B-cell lymphoma. Pathogenesis is not clearly established and undergoing immunosuppressive therapy has been proposed as a risk factor for primary hepatic lymphoma. We report an intriguing case study, featuring a 23-year-old male patient with Crohn's Disease who had been receiving a combination therapy of thiopurine and anti-TNF for 6 years and was diagnosed with primary hepatic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare type of cancer that mostly affects the liver and accounts for less than 1% of all lymphoma cases. The exact cause of primary hepatic lymphoma is unknown, but some evidence suggests that immunosuppressive therapy may increase the risk of developing this condition. We present a 23-year-old male patient who has a six-year history of Crohn's Disease, which is a long-lasting condition that causes inflammation. To manage his symptoms, he was taking two types of medications that weaken the immune system (thiopurine and anti-TNF medications). While being treated for Crohn's disease, he was also diagnosed with a rare type of primary hepatic lymphoma. This case raises intriguing questions about the relationship between immunosuppressive therapy and the development of primary hepatic lymphoma. It emphasizes the need for further research to better understand the underlying mechanisms and identify potential risk factors.
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INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous metastases (CM) revealing lung carcinoma are extremely rare, accounting for 0.8%. The diagnosis is guided by histology and immunohistochemistry. Treatment is palliative. The prognosis is poor. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a retrospective study of the available clinical and histological records of four North African patients with CM revealing lung cancer treated at our institute between 2004 and 2010. Three men and one woman were registered. The mean age was 54.5 years (38-74 years). Two patients had primary adenocarcinoma, one patient had small cell carcinoma and one had squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment was based on chemotherapy in two cases and antalgic radiotherapy in two cases, one patient underwent surgical resection as the lesion was infected. The overall survival after diagnosis was between one and four months. CONCLUSIONS: A skin nodule can be the first symptom revealing lung cancer. A rare clinical presentation that should not be taken for a benign nodule, the biopsy and histological study with immunohistochemistry confirm the diagnosis.
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Carcinoma de Células Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , PulmãoRESUMO
Sex cord tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT) is a rare ovarian tumor. It belongs to sex cord and stromal tumor of the ovary and represents less than 1% of cases. It includes two forms: the first one associated with Peuz-Jeghers syndrome and the second sporadic. We report 4 cases of SCTAT collected at the department of pathology of Salah Azaiez Institute of Tunis over the 12 last years. The age ranged from 10 to 32 years. Symptoms were non specific except for one case revealed by precocious puberty. One patient had Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated. Tumors were unilateral. Gross findings showed often a solid tumor with yellow cut surface. Their size ranged from 0.5cm to 28cm. Their morphological features were characteristic. Immunohistochemistry showed that tumor cells expressed inhibin and claretinin. The treatment was surgical, often conservative. The diagnosis of malignancy wasn't focused on histological features, but on tumor extension, clinical course, and presence of metastases. Evolution was often favorable. We also performed a systematic review of the literature that identified 166 cases. Features of these cases were studied. We also compared these features between sporadic and syndromic forms and between benign and malignant forms. In conclusion, SCTAT is a rare tumor, usually benign. Its diagnosis is based on histological examination. There is a malignant potential especially in sporadic forms, estimated at 20%. Treatment is most often conservative, based on oophorectomy.
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Neoplasias Ovarianas , Síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais , Feminino , Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/diagnóstico , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ovarianas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers/patologia , Ovariectomia , InibinasRESUMO
Background/Objective: Conflicting results on the association between HLA-G and digestive cancers were reported. We conducted a meta-analysis to further investigate the true relationship between HLA-G and digestive cancers (DC). Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we performed a meta-analysis including 7 case-control studies on HLA-G 14-bp Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, and 15 studies on soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G). Odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for genetic polymorphisms were calculated. The pooled OR was calculated under three genetic models: allelic, recessive, and dominant models. Concerning sHLA-G meta-analysis, standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated. Results: The HLA-G 14-bp I/D was not associated with the risk of DC. However, in the subset of HBV/HCV positive hepato-cellular cancer (HCC) patients, we reported a significant association of HLA-G 14-bp I/D with the disease initiation under allelic (D vs. I; OR = 1.698, 95% CI = 1.263-2.282, p = 0.000), dominant (DD + ID vs. II; OR = 2.321, 95% CI = 1.277-4.218, p = 0.006)and recessive (DD vs. DI + II; OR = 1.739, 95% CI = 1.173-2.577, p = 0.006) genetic models. Interestingly, HLA-G 14-bp I/D was not associated with the disease initiation in HBV/HCV negative HCC patients. However, the infection by HBV/HCV seems to be implicated in the HCC development when we compared HBV/HCV positive patients to HBV/HCV negative patients under allelic (D vs. I; OR = 1.429, 95% CI = 1.029-1.983, p = 0.033, and dominant (DD + ID vs.II; OR = 1.981, 95% CI = 1.002-3.916, p = 0.049) genetic models.Overall analysis of DC showed significant increased sHLA-G in patients compared to healthy controls (SMD = 3.341, 95% CI = 2.415-4.267, p = 0.000). In Asian patients with gastric cancer, sHLA-G was significantly increased in grade 3 compared to low grades (SMD = 0.448, 95% CI = 0.109-0.787, p = 0.000). Further analysis showed that sHLA-G was significantly increased in positive DC vascular invasion (SMD = 0.743, 95% CI = 0.385-1.100, p = 0.000). Accordingly, sHLA-G was associated with a poor prognosis for DC. Conclusion: The current meta-analysis supports the significant role of HLA-G in DC. The HLA-G 14-bp I/D polymorphism was associated with HCC patients with concomitant HBV/HCV viral infections. Increased sHLA-G indicated a poor prognosis for DC cancer patients.
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OBJECTIVES: Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is implicated in several cancers and is considered to be an immune checkpoint regulator. We determined the association between polymorphisms in the 3' untranslated region of HLA-G and soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) expression with gynecological cancers (GCs). METHODS: A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the association between HLA-G14-bp insertion (I)/deletion (D) and +3142C/G polymorphism in GC and to evaluate sHLA-G expression RESULTS: We revealed a significant association between the +3142C/G polymorphism and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) based on the allelic model G versus C (odds ratio [OR] = 0.738, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.563-0.966, p = 0.027), dominant GG+GC versus CC (OR = 0.584, 95% CI = 0.395-0.862, p = 0.007), and codominant GG versus CC (OR = 0.527, 95% CI = 0.312-0.891, p = 0.017) models, suggesting that the G allele and GG genotype are protective against ICC. In gynecological precancerous patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, we found that the 14-bp I/D under the codominant DD versus DI model (OR = 0.492, 95% CI = 0.241-1.004, p = 0.051) was of borderline significance. Soluble HLA-G levels were significantly higher in patients compared with healthy controls (standardized mean differences [SMD] = 1.434, 95% CI = 0.442-2.526, p = 0.005). Stratification by cancer type revealed that the sHLA-G levels were significantly increased in cervical cancer (SMD = 4.889, 95% CI = 0.468-9.310, p = 0.030) and in subjects of Asian ethnicity (SMD = 4.889, 95% CI = 0.467-9.309, p = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: HLA-G14-bp I/D and +3142 C/G polymorphisms are associated with GC and HPV-associated cervical cancer. In addition, we found significantly increased sHLA-G levels in cancer patients. These results provide a basis for further studies in diagnostics and immunotherapy of GC.
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Infecções por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Regiões 3' não Traduzidas/genética , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Antígenos HLA-G/genética , Humanos , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) gene polymorphisms and circulating sHLA-G have often been linked to the risk of breast cancer (BC). However, the results remain controversial. To resolve this issue, we performed a meta-analysis of HLA-G gene polymorphisms and sHLA-G levels in BC. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis on the association of HLA-G 14-bp Insertion/Deletion (Ins/Del) and HLA-G +3142 C/G polymorphisms with BC as well as the relationship between sHLA-G and the disease outcome. RESULTS: Pooled analysis showed a statistically significant association between the HLA-G 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism and BC susceptibility for the overall population and for Caucasians. The Del allele and genotypes with at least one copy of the Del allele presented significant risks for BC. For HLA-G +3142 C/G polymorphism, the G allele significantly decreased the risk of BC for the overall population and for Caucasians, indicating that the G allele was a protective factor against BC and that the C allele was a significant risk factor for BC. The meta-analysis revealed a significantly increased level of sHLA-G patients with BC compared to the control group for the overall population, Caucasians and Asians. CONCLUSION: The present meta-analysis showed a major association of both HLA-G 14-bp Ins/Del and +3142 C/G polymorphisms with BC susceptibility, suggesting Del and C variants as highly significant risk factors for BC. The present study also showed significantly higher sHLA-G levels in patients with BC compared to healthy controls. Our pooled results suggested a critical role of HLA-G in BC, thereby providing evidence to use HLA-G as a biomarker and a therapeutic tool.
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Neoplasias da Mama , Antígenos HLA-G , Regiões 3' não Traduzidas/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Antígenos HLA-G/genética , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/genética , Humanos , Polimorfismo GenéticoRESUMO
Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipomas are uncommon mesenchymal neoplasms. They are difficult to diagnose by imaging, especially when the fatty component is scant or absent. The gold standard for the diagnosis is histologic examination coupled with an immunohistochemical study. Positive HMB45 immunostaining of the myoid cells is a major diagnostic feature.
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Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of a single preoperative intralesional bevacizumab injection as an adjuvant treatment before primary pterygium surgery. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled interventional study from January 2019 to December 2020. The study included a total of 60 patients (60 eyes) with primary pterygium. We defined two groups of 30 patients each. Group A received an intralesional injection of bevacizumab (Avastin), 1 month before surgery (lesion excision and conjunctival autograft). Group B (control) had only the surgical treatment. Patients were followed up 7 days (D7), 1 month (M1), 3 months (M3), and 6 months (M6) postoperatively. Pre-, per-, and postoperatively, photographs of the lesions were taken, as well as a histopathological examination. The main outcome measures were the change in functional discomfort following intralesional bevacizumab injection and pterygium recurrence. Recurrence was defined as fibrovascular tissue growth invading the cornea. Therapeutic success was defined as the absence of pterygium recurrence in M6. Results: The mean age of the 60 patients was 54.17 ± 10.53. After bevacizumab injection, the preoperative functional discomfort score decreased significantly (P = 0.048). There was a significant improvement in grade and color intensity (P = 0.001). We noted no local nor systemic complications after intralesional injection of bevacizumab. After pterygium excision, the success rate was statistically higher in Group A (P = 0.047). There was no significant difference in either final best-corrected spectral visual acuity or astigmatism between the two groups. We noted a statistically significant association between recurrence and color intensity (P = 0.046), vascular density (P = 0.049), and the degree of elastic tissue degeneration (P = 0.040). Conclusion: A single preoperative subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab 1 month before surgery decreases the vascularity of newly formed blood vessels and hence may reduce the recurrence rate.
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Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G has been considered as an immune modulator in several types of cancers. Its genetic polymorphisms may potentially affect the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). The overall purpose of this study was to analyze the implication of HLA-G 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) polymorphisms particularly 14 pb insertion/deletion (Ins/Del; rs371194629) and + 3142C/G (rs1063320) in CRC susceptibility and progression. A comparative analysis between patients (N = 233) and controls (N = 241) demonstrated that Del allele (Odds Ratios (OR) = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.091-1.819, p = 0.008), the homozygous Del/Del genotype (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.205-2.664, p = 0.003) and the codominant C/G genotype (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.106-2.272, p = 0.013) were associated to CRC risk. As expected, the DelG haplotype was associated with CRC susceptibility (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.068-2.012, p = 0.018). Assessment of patients' survival by Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the Del allele and the homozygous Del/Del genotype were associated with reduced event free survival (EFS) (Respectively, p = 0.009 and p = 0.05). Interestingly, the Del allele and the homozygous Del/Del genotype have been revealed as independent prognostic factors for poor EFS in patients with CRC. Additionally, haplotypes analysis revealed that DelG haplotype was linked with significant increase in CRC risk (log-rank; EFS: p = 0.02). Inversely, the InsC haplotype was associated with a significant reduced CRC risk (log-rank; Overall survival (OS): p < 10-6; EFS: p = 0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the InsC haplotype was independently associated with significantly longer EFS (p = 0.021, HR = 0.636, 95% CI = 0.433-0.935). These findings support the implication of HLA-G polymorphisms in the CRC susceptibility suggesting HLA-G as a potent prognostic and predictive indicator for CRC. Insight into mechanisms underlying HLA-G polymorphisms could allow for the development of targeted care for CRC patients according to their genetic profile.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Antígenos HLA-G , Regiões 3' não Traduzidas/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Antígenos HLA-G/genética , Haplótipos , Humanos , Polimorfismo Genético , PrognósticoRESUMO
HLA-G is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex class Ib molecule. Its expression has been described in various cancer types, including ovarian cancer. HLA-G molecule has been implicated in immune escape and in progression of ovarian tumor cells. Our goal was to assess if total soluble (s)HLA-G molecules or HLA-G5 and sHLA-G1 isoforms could be considered as circulating ovarian tumor biomarkers, we measured the concentration of these molecules in ovarian carcinoma patients stratified according with their clinicopathological parameters. sHLA-G, sHLA-G1 and HLA-G5 concentrations were dosed in plasma samples by sandwich-ELISA. The sHLA-G dimerization was analyzed after immunoprecipitation and SDS-PAGE migration. Total sHLA-G and sHLA-G1 levels were significantly represented in plasma of ovarian carcinoma patients compared to healthy controls. sHLA-G1 isoform concentration was highly represented in ovarian carcinoma compared to HLA-G5 isoforms. Additionally, high sHLA-G molecules have been found in aged patients, as well as in patients with advanced stages, and those with metastatic lymph nodes and those with distant metastasis. Elsewhere, sHLA-G monomers were highly represented in ovarian carcinoma patients compared to controls. sHLA-G plasmatic protein was highly represented in ovarian carcinoma. In effect, HLA-G might be considered as a new checkpoint molecule that could be used to assess progression and recurrence of the disease, thus placing it as a potential biomarker for advanced and complicated ovarian carcinoma.
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Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Idoso , Alelos , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Feminino , Antígenos HLA , Antígenos HLA-G/genética , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/genética , Humanos , PrognósticoRESUMO
HLA-G has been widely implicated in advanced cancers through different pathways of immunosuppression allowing tumor escape. Contrarily, HLA-E has a controversial role in the tumor escape from the immune system. IDO catabolic enzyme is known to be up-regulated in many tumors types allowing their immune escape. Based on these considerations, we investigated the expression of HLA-G, HLA-E and IDO molecules in endometrial cancer (EC) and their association with prognostic clinicopathologic parameters. Their expression were checked in tumoral and adjacent endometrial tissues. Both HLA-G and IDO immunostaining were significantly increased in EC tissues compared to normal residual endometrial glands (Mann Whitney U-test, p = 0.0001 and p = 0,020 respectively). However, HLA-E was highly expressed in tumoral tissues as well as in normal residual endometrial glands (respectively, 100% and 81.8%). Increased HLA-G expression levels were observed in high histological grade (grade 3), and in the non-endometrioid type 2 EC. Unexpectedly, patients with IDO Low expression had significantly impaired overall survival compared to patients with IDO High (log-rank p = 0.021). Conversely, HLA-E low expression was associated to an improved overall survival EC (log-rank p = 0.004). We concluded that, HLA-G and IDO are highly expressed in EC compared to adjacent normal endometrial tissues, that might be interesting for the EC outcome.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Endométrio/metabolismo , Endométrio/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-G/metabolismo , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/metabolismo , Indolamina-Pirrol 2,3,-Dioxigenase/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Endométrio/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Endométrio/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Análise de Sobrevida , Evasão Tumoral , Regulação para Cima , Antígenos HLA-ERESUMO
Clear cell sarcoma of the esophagus is very rare. The etiology of this neoplasm remains unknown. Confirmed diagnosis requires histopathology with immunochemistry and molecular study. CCS typically shows highly aggressive behavior with a high rate of local recurrence, metastases, and death from disease.
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The stomach is the most frequent site of extranodal lymphoma. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a low-grade, B-cell neoplasm strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. The presenting complaints of gastric MALT lymphoma are usually nonspecific. HP eradication is regarded as the first-line therapy in early stage disease. Management of patients who failed to achieve remission following HP eradication include chemotherapy, radiotherapy and in selected cases, surgery. The aim of the present study was to examine the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of patients with gastric MALT lymphoma.