Immunomodulating treatment with low dose interleukin-4, interleukin-10 and interleukin-11 in psoriasis vulgaris.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 2-3 percent of the world population; it is characterised by hyperproliferation and hyperplasia of the superficial layers of the epidermis. Inappropriate signals released by the immune system determine an altered keratinocyte differentiation, resulting in the formation of desquamating, thickened, inflamed and erythematous plaques. The aim of this investigation was to study the pharmacological activity and safety of three low dose cytokines, Guna-Interleukin 4, Guna-Interleukin 10 and Guna-Interleukin 11 at the concentration of 10 fg/ml in patients affected by moderate to slight psoriasis vulgaris. The multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial involved 48 patients who were enrolled and followed up according to a 8-month experimental project. All patients received, according to a cross-over model, either the experimental treatment or placebo, alternatively. Globally, in the 41 evaluated patients it was observed a PASI significant reduction (Friedman test: p=0.00960). The DLQI too decreased significantly in all subjects compared to baseline (Friedman test: p=0.00007). The safety of the treatment with three low dose cytokines administered simultaneously was proved; no adverse event was reported during the whole trial.

[Treatment of recurrences of duodenal ulcer: seasonal or long-term therapy?]. / Trattamento delle recidive dell'ulcera duodenale: terapia stagionale o long-term?

Many recently published papers have focused on the problem of the treatment of recurring duodenal ulcers and time trends, given the rate of late recurrences observed with long-term protocol. The results of trials with seasonal protocols are therefore presented. Given the seasonal trends in duodenal ulcer recurrence, a stable oscillatory behaviour with fluctuations of 6-month periodicity was demonstrated with the use of conventional statistical methods. With the utilization of the more sophisticated spectral analysis of data from many centers in Italy, the time trends of this condition have been characterized in greater detail, and cycles of increased recurrences every 4, 6 and 12 months have been evidenced. On the basis of these data, a randomized controlled trial in 60 patients treated with cimetidine, 30 patients in long-term and 30 in seasonal treatment showed similar results: the recurrence rate was 30% in both groups over a 12-month period. Preliminary results of a new multicenter trial in 110 patients with the same protocol (cimetidine 400 mg nocte), confirm these results. In conclusion, the two trials tend to confirm the validity of preventive protocols that respect seasonal fluctuations.