Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Create Animated Videos to Attenuate Disparities in Access to Kidney Transplant Information.

Introduction: Community-based participatory research and animated video offer promising approaches to attenuate disparities in access to kidney transplant information. Project Aims: We refined an evidence-based animated video curriculum (Kidney Transplant and Donation Information Made Easy) designed for diverse individuals, that is currently being trialed to advance kidney transplant access among referred patients at a single transplant center, to further accommodate information needs in earlier stages of the path to transplant (pre-referral) and to enhance fit for Black and Hispanic people. Design: We describe formation of an academic-community partnership and the application of qualitative research methods and partnership discussions to refine the Kidney Transplant and Donation Information Made Easy videos. A simple content analysis was undertaken of intervention refinement transcriptions, minutes, and meeting notes. Results: We formed a community steering committee and advisory board of local members predominantly of minoritized race or ethnicity. Full engagement with community members is evident in the program's adaptation process. Essential refinement elements were adaptation of 17 original videos and iterative development of 8 new videos with the community, conducting parallel cognitive interviews of an expanded sample of stakeholders, maintaining the theoretical grounding of Elaboration Theory, communication/multimedia learning best practices, and self-efficacy framework, and doing Spanish-language translation. Conclusions: Applying community-based participatory research principles and qualitative methods, we produced a culturally grounded adaptation of the Kidney Transplant and Donation Information Made Easy videos that provides information about kidney transplantation from primary care to transplantation. This approach is likely to strengthen our community partnership and eventual community acceptance of the intervention during the implementation phase. Challenges were achieving consensus and adding Spanish-language translation.

Preliminary feasibility of animated video education designed to empower patients' referral to kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Referral for kidney transplantation is influenced by patient education; digital technologies can enhance broad information accessibility. This single-group study tested the feasibility and acceptability of patient-centered self-directed educational animated videos to improve mediators of kidney transplant referral. METHODS: Community-based adults with chronic kidney disease stage ≥4 invited from a clinical registry or self-responding to flyers viewed eight sequential videos (19:36 min total duration) remotely on their own device. Change in kidney transplant knowledge, concerns, and confidence talking about kidney transplantation to doctors was assessed with self-report surveys before and immediately after viewing. Program feedback was assessed by survey and self-selected exit interview. RESULTS: Viewers of the video set (n = 50) demonstrated increases in mean kidney transplantation knowledge by +22%, confidence discussing with their doctor by +6%, and reductions in concerns by -2%. Knowledge results were consistent across age, race, and literacy level. Over 90% indicated positive ratings on understanding, engaging, and helpfulness. In post-study interviews viewers indicated the videos promoted confidence in obtaining a kidney transplant and none reported that the 19-min duration of the home education was too long. CONCLUSION: The animated video education is promising to improve diverse individuals' knowledge, concerns, and communication confidence about kidney transplantation and is highly acceptable.