RESUMO
Formula fed infants experience gastrointestinal infections at higher rates than breastfed infants, due in part to bacteria in powdered infant formula (PIF) and bacterial contamination of infant feeding equipment. The United Kingdom National Health Service (UK NHS) has adopted the World Health Organization recommendation that water used to reconstitute PIF is ≥70°C to eliminate bacteria. We used community science methods to co-design an at home experiment and online questionnaire ('research diary') to explore the safety of PIF preparation compared to UK NHS guidelines. 200 UK-based parents of infants aged ≤12 months were recruited; 151 provided data on PIF preparation, and 143 were included in the analysis of water temperatures used to reconstitute PIF. Only 14.9% (n = 11) of 74 PIF preparation machines produced a water temperature of ≥70°C compared with 78.3% (n = 54) of 69 kettle users (p < 0.001). The mean temperature of water dispensed by PIF preparation machines was 9°C lower than kettles (Machine M = 65.78°C, Kettle M = 75.29°C). Many parents did not always fully follow NHS safer PIF preparation guidance, and parents did not appear to understand the potential risks of PIF bacterial contamination. Parents should be advised that the water dispensed by PIF preparation machines may be below 70°C, and could result in bacteria remaining in infant formula, potentially leading to gastrointestinal infections. PIF labelling should advise that water used to prepare PIF should be ≥70°C and highight the risks of not using sufficiently hot water, per WHO Europe advice. There is an urgent need for stronger consumer protections regarding PIF preparation devices.
Assuntos
Microbiologia de Alimentos , Fórmulas Infantis , Lactente , Humanos , Pós , Medicina Estatal , ÁguaRESUMO
A perception of low milk supply is often cited as a reason to stop breastfeeding, though most mothers can produce more than enough with the right support and information. Domperidone may be used to promote lactation, and there is evidence to support its use. However, the many non-pharmacological ways in which a mother may be supported should be tried before considering domperidone.
Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Domperidona/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas de Dopamina/uso terapêutico , Transtornos da Lactação/tratamento farmacológico , Aleitamento Materno/psicologia , Domperidona/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Dopamina/farmacologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Lactação/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtornos da Lactação/enfermagem , Apoio SocialAssuntos
Aleitamento Materno/efeitos adversos , Candidíase Bucal , Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária/métodos , Avaliação em Enfermagem/métodos , Algoritmos , Candidíase Bucal/diagnóstico , Candidíase Bucal/etiologia , Candidíase Bucal/prevenção & controle , Árvores de Decisões , Prescrições de Medicamentos/enfermagem , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Mastite/microbiologia , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Dor/microbiologia , Autonomia Profissional , Fatores de Risco , Segurança , Reino UnidoAssuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Tratamento Farmacológico/enfermagem , Defesa do Paciente , Relações Médico-Enfermeiro , Citalopram/uso terapêutico , Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária , Depressão Pós-Parto/tratamento farmacológico , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Feminino , Humanos , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Tongue tie, a condition in which the tongue's mobility is restricted, may reduce the ability of babies to breastfeed successfully. In this age of mass artificial feeding, the management of this condition has been, until recently, overlooked. This article highlights the effects of tongue tie on breastfeeding and what health professionals should be doing to assess and manage any difficulties