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OBJECTIVE: To assess the epidemiological profile and trend in hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol and other psychoactive substance use among Brazilian adolescents, between 2017 and 2022. METHODS: This was a time-series study using data from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian National Health System; the trend analysis was performed by estimating the annual percentage change (APC) of hospitalization rates per 100,000 inhabitants and respective confidence intervals (95%CI), using the Prais-Winsten method. RESULTS: A total of 29,991 hospitalizations were recorded in the study period, with a decreasing trend observed, from 16.18/100,000 inhabitants in 2017 to 13.72/100,000 inhab. in 2022 (percent change of -2.65%; 95%CI -4.47;-0.80), a greater decline was found in males (-3.48%; 95%CI -5.20;-1.72), in the age group of 15 to 19 years (-2.79%; 95%CI -4.49;-1.06), in the South (-3.29%; 95%CI -5.37;-1.16) and Midwest (-3.64%; 95%CI -5.75;-1.49) regions of the country. CONCLUSION: Hospitalizations showed a decreasing trend in the study period, with sociodemographic disparities.
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Hospitalização , Transtornos Mentais , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Masculino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem , Sistemas de Informação Hospitalar , Distribuição por Sexo , Alcoolismo/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Riboflavin overproduction byCorynebacterium glutamicumwas achieved by screening synthetic operons, enabling fine-tuned expression of the riboflavin biosynthetic genesribGCAH.The synthetic operons were designed by means of predicted translational initiation rates of each open reading frame, with the best-performing selection enabling riboflavin overproduction without negatively affecting cell growth. Overexpression of the fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (fbp) and 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate aminotransferase (purF) encoding genes was then done to redirect the metabolic flux towards the riboflavin precursors. The resulting strain produced 8.3 g l-1of riboflavin in glucose-based fed-batch fermentations, which is the highest reported riboflavin titer withC. glutamicum. Further genetic engineering enabled both xylose and mannitol utilization byC. glutamicum, and we demonstrated riboflavin overproduction with the xylose-rich feedstocks rice husk hydrolysate and spent sulfite liquor, and the mannitol-rich feedstock brown seaweed hydrolysate. Remarkably, rice husk hydrolysate provided 30% higher riboflavin yields compared to glucose in the bioreactors.
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Corynebacterium glutamicum , Engenharia Metabólica , Riboflavina , Riboflavina/biossíntese , Riboflavina/química , Riboflavina/metabolismo , Corynebacterium glutamicum/metabolismo , Corynebacterium glutamicum/genética , Xilose/metabolismo , Fermentação , Glucose/metabolismo , Óperon , Manitol/metabolismo , Manitol/química , Reatores Biológicos , Engenharia GenéticaRESUMO
Paenibacillus sonchi genomovar Riograndensis SBR5T is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) isolated in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul from the rhizosphere of Triticum aestivum. It fixes nitrogen, produces siderophores as well as the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid, solubilizes phosphate and displays antagonist activity against Listeria monocytogenes and Pectobacterium carotovorum. Comprehensive omics analysis and the development of genetic tools are key to characterizing and engineering such non-model microorganisms. Therefore, the complete genome of SBR5T was sequenced, and shown to encode 6,705 proteins, 87 tRNAs, and 27 rRNAs and it enabled a landscape transcriptome analysis that unveiled conserved transcriptional and translational patterns and characterized operon structures and riboswitches. The pangenome of P. sonchi species is open with a stable core pangenome. At the same time, the analysis of genes coding for nitrogenases revealed that the trait of nitrogen fixation is sparse within the Paenibacillaceae family and the presence of Fe-only nitrogenase in the P. sonchi group was exclusive to SBR5T. The development of genetic tools for SBR5T enabled genetic transformation, plasmid construction for constitutive and inducible gene expression, and gene repression using the CRISPRi system. Altogether, the work with P. sonchi can guide the study of non-model bacteria with economic potential.
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Resumo Revisitaremos uma constelação de respostas para garantir justiça reprodutiva para mulheres e meninas durante a crise do Zika no Brasil. As ações relatadas foram conduzidas pela Anis - Instituto de Bioética, uma ONG feminista. Argumentamos que, durante as emergências sanitárias, é necessário o uso de lentes feministas interseccionais para construir respostas efetivas e sensíveis às questões de gênero, em favor de mulheres e meninas. Apresentamos três táticas de incidência utilizadas na luta por justiça reprodutiva durante a crise do Zika: 1) construir narrativas baseadas em histórias de vida que retratem os efeitos desproporcionais da crise em mulheres e meninas; 2) produzir dados baseados em evidências para catalisar estratégias de incidência para revisão legal e de políticas públicas; 3) promover oportunidades para o fortalecimento de alianças e movimentos, bem como o compartilhamento de poder por meio de atividades de mobilização comunitária. Reconhecemos a importância de responder às necessidades das populações em tempo real, e para isso torna-se fundamental que as evidências sobre os impactos das emergências em saúde pública sejam produzidas e compartilhadas de maneira ágil. Os esforços em incidência não são estratégias fragmentadas, pois garantir a justiça reprodutiva exige uma estrutura abrangente e transformadora, incluindo soluções que envolvam o cotidiano das pessoas comuns e suas experiências de vida.
Abstract This article aims to revisit a constellation of responses to guarantee reproductive justice for women and girls during the Zika crisis in Brazil, that were conducted by Anis - Institute of Bioethics, a Brazilian feminist NGO. We argue that intersectional feminist lenses and gender-sensitive responses are necessary to build effective efforts for women and girls during a public health emergency. As such, we present three concomitant and intersectional learned tactics we used to fight for reproductive justice during the Zika crises, but also in its aftermath: 1. To build storytelling narratives that portray the disproportional effects of the crisis on women and girls; 2. To produce evidence-based data to catalyze advocacy strategies for legal and policy review; 3. To promote movement building opportunities and sharing power through community mobilization activities. We assume the importance of providing immediate evidence and gender sensitive framings to inform real-time public health responses. Advocacy efforts should not be seen as fragmented strategies, since ensuring reproductive justice demands a comprehensive and transformative framework that include solutions for multiple aspects of real-life experiences.
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Abstract Objective: To assess the epidemiological profile and trend in hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol and other psychoactive substance use among Brazilian adolescents, between 2017 and 2022. Methods: This was a time-series study using data from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian National Health System; the trend analysis was performed by estimating the annual percentage change (APC) of hospitalization rates per 100,000 inhabitants and respective confidence intervals (95%CI), using the Prais-Winsten method. Results: A total of 29,991 hospitalizations were recorded in the study period, with a decreasing trend observed, from 16.18/100,000 inhabitants in 2017 to 13.72/100,000 inhab. in 2022 (percent change of -2.65%; 95%CI -4.47;-0.80), a greater decline was found in males (-3.48%; 95%CI -5.20;-1.72), in the age group of 15 to 19 years (-2.79%; 95%CI -4.49;-1.06), in the South (-3.29%; 95%CI -5.37;-1.16) and Midwest (-3.64%; 95%CI -5.75;-1.49) regions of the country. Conclusion: Hospitalizations showed a decreasing trend in the study period, with sociodemographic disparities.
Resumen Objetivo: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico y la tendencia de las hospitalizaciones por trastornos mentales y de comportamiento relacionados con el uso de alcohol y otras sustancias psicoactivas en adolescentes brasileños, desde 2017 hasta 2022. Métodos: Estudio de serie temporal utilizando el Sistema de Información Hospitalaria del Sistema Único de Salud; se evaluó la tendencia mediante la estimación del cambio porcentual anual (CPA) de las tasas de hospitalización por cada 100,000 habitantes y sus respectivos intervalos mediante el método de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Se registraron 29.991 hospitalizaciones durante el período y se observó una tendencia decreciente en Brasil, desde 16,18 hospitalizaciones por cada 100.000 habitantes en 2017 hasta 13,72 en 2022 (variación de -2,65%; IC₉₅% -4,47;-0,80), con mayor declive en hombres (-3,48%; IC₉₅% -5,20;-1,72), en la edad de 15 a 19 años (-2,79%; IC₉₅% -4,49;-1,06), en las regiones del Sur (-3,29%; IC₉₅% -5,37; -1,16) y Centro-Oeste (-3,64%; IC₉₅% -5,75;-1,49). Conclusión: Las hospitalizaciones mostraron una tendencia decreciente en el período, con disparidades sociodemográficas.
Resumo Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico e a tendência das internações hospitalares por transtornos mentais e comportamentais devido ao uso de álcool e de outras substâncias psicoativas em adolescentes brasileiros, de 2017 a 2022. Métodos: Estudo de série temporal com dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde. A tendência foi analisada estimando-se a variação percentual anual (VPA) das taxas de internação por 100 mil habitantes e respectivos Intervalos pelo método de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: Foram registradas 29.991 internações no período, sendo observada uma tendência decrescente das internações no Brasil, variando de 16,18 internações por 100 mil hab., em 2017, para 13,72 em 2022 (variação de -2,65%; IC₉₅% -4,47; -0,80), com maior declínio no sexo masculino (-3,48%; IC₉₅% -5,20;-1,72), na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos (-2,79%; IC₉₅% -4,49;-1,06), nas regiões Sul (-3,29%; IC₉₅% -5,37;-1,16) e Centro-Oeste (-3,64%; IC₉₅% -5,75;-1,49). Conclusão: As internações apresentaram tendência decrescente no período, com disparidades sociodemográficas.
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Context: Confirmatory tests represent a fundamental step in primary aldosteronism (PA) diagnosis, but they are laborious and often require a hospital environment due to the risks involved. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of oral furosemide as a new confirmatory test for PA diagnosis. Methods: We prospectively evaluated the diagnostic performance of 80â mg of oral furosemide in 64 patients with PA and 22 with primary hypertension (controls). Direct renin concentration (DRC) was measured before, and 2â hours and 3â hours after the oral furosemide. In addition, the oral furosemide test was compared with 2 other confirmatory tests: the furosemide upright test (FUT) and saline infusion test (SIT) or captopril challenge test (CCT) in all patients with PA. Results: The cut-off of 7.6â µU/mL for DRC at 2â hours after oral furosemide had a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 82%, and accuracy of 90% for PA diagnosis. In 5 out of 6 controls with low-renin hypertension, which might represent a PA spectrum, renin remained suppressed. Excluding these 6 controls with low-renin hypertension, the DRC cut-off of 10â µU/mL at 2â hours after oral furosemide had a sensitivity of 95.3%, specificity of 93.7% and accuracy of 95% for PA diagnosis. DRC after 3â hours of oral furosemide did not improve diagnostic performance. Using the cut-off of 10â µU/mL, the oral furosemide test and the FUT were concordant in 62 out of 64 (97%) patients with PA. Only 4 out of 64 cases with PA (6.4%) ended the oral furosemide test with potassium <3.5â mEq/L. Hypotension was not evidenced in any patient with PA during the test. Conclusion: The oral furosemide test was safe, well-tolerated and represents an effective strategy for PA investigation.
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BACKGROUND: An individual's dietary pattern contributes in different ways to the prevention and control of recurrent cardiovascular events. However, the quality of the diet is influenced by several factors. The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of the diet of individuals with cardiovascular diseases and determine whether there is an association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with individuals with atherosclerosis (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease or peripheral arterial disease) recruited from 35 reference centres for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in Brazil. Diet quality was assessed according to the Modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (mAHEI) and stratified into tertiles. For comparing two groups, the Mann-Whitney or Pearson's chi-squared tests were used. However, for comparing three or more groups, analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis was used. For the confounding analysis, a multinomial regression model was used. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: In total, 2360 individuals were evaluated: 58.5% male and 64.2% elderly. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of the mAHEI was 24.0 (20.0-30.0), ranging from 0.4 to 56.0 points. When comparing the odds ratios (ORs) for the low (first tertile) and medium (second tertile) diet quality groups with the high-quality group (third tertile), it was observed that there was an association between diet quality with a family income of 1.885 (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.302-2.729) and 1.566 (95% CI = 1.097-2.235), as well as physical activity of 1.391 (95% CI = 1.107-1.749) and 1.346 (95% CI = 1.086-1.667), respectively. In addition, associations were observed between diet quality and region of residence. CONCLUSIONS: A low-quality diet was associated with family income, sedentarism and geographical area. These data are extremely relevant to assist in coping with cardiovascular disease because they enable an assessment of the distribution of these factors in different regions of the country.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Feminino , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Dieta SaudávelRESUMO
BACKGROUND: An individual's dietary pattern contributes in different ways to the prevention and control of recurrent cardiovascular events. However, the quality of the diet is influenced by several factors. The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of the diet of individuals with cardiovascular diseases and determine whether there is an association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with individuals with atherosclerosis (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease or peripheral arterial disease) recruited from 35 reference centres for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in Brazil. Diet quality was assessed according to the Modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (mAHEI) and stratified into tertiles. For comparing two groups, the Mann-Whitney or Pearson's chi-squared tests were used. However, for comparing three or more groups, analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis was used. For the confounding analysis, a multinomial regression model was used. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: In total, 2360 individuals were evaluated: 58.5% male and 64.2% elderly. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of the mAHEI was 24.0 (20.0-30.0), ranging from 0.4 to 56.0 points. When comparing the odds ratios (ORs) for the low (first tertile) and medium (second tertile) diet quality groups with the high-quality group (third tertile), it was observed that there was an association between diet quality with a family income of 1.885 (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.302-2.729) and 1.566 (95% CI = 1.097-2.235), as well as physical activity of 1.391 (95% CI = 1.107-1.749) and 1.346 (95% CI = 1.086-1.667), respectively. In addition, associations were observed between diet quality and region of residence. CONCLUSIONS: A low-quality diet was associated with family income, sedentarism and geographical area. These data are extremely relevant to assist in coping with cardiovascular disease because they enable an assessment of the distribution of these factors in different regions of the country.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Dieta , Brasil , AteroscleroseRESUMO
The growing need of next generation feedstocks for biotechnology spurs an intensification of research on the utilization of methanol as carbon and energy source for biotechnological processes. In this paper, we introduced the methanol-based overproduction of riboflavin into metabolically engineered Bacillus methanolicus MGA3. First, we showed that B. methanolicus naturally produces small amounts of riboflavin. Then, we created B. methanolicus strains overexpressing either homologous or heterologous gene clusters encoding the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway, resulting in riboflavin overproduction. Our results revealed that the supplementation of growth media with sublethal levels of chloramphenicol contributes to a higher plasmid-based riboflavin production titre, presumably due to an increase in plasmid copy number and thus biosynthetic gene dosage. Based on this, we proved that riboflavin production can be increased by exchanging a low copy number plasmid with a high copy number plasmid leading to a final riboflavin titre of about 523 mg L-1 in methanol fed-batch fermentation. The findings of this study showcase the potential of B. methanolicus as a promising host for methanol-based overproduction of extracellular riboflavin and serve as basis for metabolic engineering of next generations of riboflavin overproducing strains.
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Engenharia Metabólica , Metanol , Metanol/metabolismo , Plasmídeos , Biotecnologia/métodos , Riboflavina/genéticaRESUMO
CONTEXT: Primary aldosteronism (PA) screening relies on an elevated aldosterone to renin ratio with a minimum aldosterone level, which varies from 10 to 15 ng/dL (277-415.5 pmol/L) using immunoassay. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate intra-individual coefficient of variation (CV) of aldosterone and aldosterone to direct renin concentration ratio (A/DRC) and its impact on PA screening. METHODS: A total of 671 aldosterone and DRC measurements were performed by the same chemiluminescence assays in a large cohort of 216 patients with confirmed PA and at least 2 screenings. RESULTS: The median intra-individual CV of aldosterone and A/DRC was 26.8% and 26.7%. Almost 40% of the patients had at least one aldosterone level <15 ng/dL, 19.9% had at least 2 aldosterone levels <15 ng/dL, and 16.2% had mean aldosterone levels <15 ng/dL. A lower cutoff of 10 ng/dL was associated with false negative rates for PA screening of 14.3% for a single aldosterone measurement, 4.6% for 2 aldosterone measurements, and only 2.3% for mean aldosterone levels. Considering the minimum aldosterone, true positive rate of aldosterone thresholds was 85.7% for 10 ng/dL and 61.6% for 15 ng/dL. An A/DRC >2 ng/dL/µIU/mL had a true positive rate for PA diagnosis of 94.4% and 98.4% when based on 1 or 2 assessments, respectively. CV of aldosterone and A/DRC were not affected by sex, use of interfering antihypertensive medications, PA lateralization, hypokalemia, age, and number of hormone measurements. CONCLUSION: Aldosterone concentrations had a high CV in PA patients, which results in an elevated rate of false negatives in a single screening for PA. Therefore, PA screening should be based on at least 2 screenings with concomitant aldosterone and renin measurements.
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Hiperaldosteronismo , Hipertensão , Humanos , Aldosterona , Hiperaldosteronismo/diagnóstico , Renina , Imunoensaio/métodos , Pressão SanguíneaRESUMO
In Brazil, the epicenter of the Zika crisis, brown, black, and indigenous poor women living in municipalities with scarce resources were disproportionally affected. The gendered consequences of the epidemic exposed how intersectional lenses are central to understand the impact of public health emergencies in the lives of women and girls. The demand for Zika-affected children and women to be research participants is relevant for an ethical analysis of participant protection procedures during a crisis. We investigated how women experienced research participation by analyzing their narratives. Two-year-long longitudinal qualitative study in Brazilian sites located in the epidemic's epicenter was performed using mixed methods: ethnography with women from two distinct states and individual semi-structured interviews with five women in different Zika-affected states, four of which were community leaders. All women in the study were mothers or grandmothers of Zika-affected children. Thematic analysis was used for data evaluation. Women perceived being pressured to participate in research and a lack of benefit sharing. Structural determinants of gender inequality, such as its effect on power distribution, were found to impact research participant protection. Formal procedures for research protocols approvals were insufficient in protecting participants because these instruments were unable to account for structural aspects. Communitarian mobilization, through WhatsApp groups, was found to be an important mechanism to create conditions to challenge oppressive structures. Strengthening public health, effective community-based participation in research planning and implantation of ethical strategies that promotes gender equality can have transformative effect on unequal power structures and promote participant protection.
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Infecção por Zika virus , Zika virus , Criança , Humanos , Feminino , Brasil/epidemiologia , Saúde Pública , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/prevenção & controle , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Ética em PesquisaRESUMO
O Brasil é um dos países que mais consomem medicamentos no mundo, em contrapartida não há uma legislação que regulamente o descarte de medicamentos domiciliares, sendo a maioria deles descartados incorretamente no lixo comum ou esgoto, contaminando o meio ambiente e trazendo prejuízos ambientais, sociais e econômicos. Ao analisar o material foi observado que 95,98% eram sólidos, 2,58 líquidos, 1,51% semissólidos e 0,24% outros. Já em relação às classes terapêuticas 27,25% eram medicamentos de ação cardiovascular, 15,30% de ação gastrointestinal, 15,07% de antimicrobianos, 14,44% de ação no SNC, 10,71% anti-inflamatórios, 5,49% analgésicos e antipiréticos, 3,52% antialérgicos, 3,31% de ação no trato respiratório, 2,83% hormônios e 2,09% outros. E o prejuízo econômico decorrente da perda dos medicamentos foi de aproximadamente R$ 9470,00. Diante do exposto, podemos concluir que o uso irracional de medicamentos, a não adesão terapêutica, a falta de fracionamento, as estratégias do marketing farmacêutico, as prescrições irracionais, a venda sem prescrição e a falta de educação sanitária da população a respeito dos medicamentos levam a um consumo indiscriminado dos mesmos, o que corrobora para o acúmulo nas residências e o descarte incorreto.
Brazil is one of the countries that consume most medicines in the world, in contrast there is no legislation that regulates the disposal of home medicines, most of them being disposed of incorrectly in common garbage or sewage, contaminating the environment and bringing environmental, social and economic damages. When analyzing the material, it was observed that 95.98% were solid, 2.58 liquids, 1.51% semi-solid and 0.24% others. With regard to the therapeutic classes, 27.25% were medicines with a cardiovascular action, 15.30% with a gastrointestinal action, 15.07% with antimicrobials, 14.44% with an CNS action, 10.71% with anti-inflammatories, 5.49% with analgesics and antipyretics, 3.52% with antiallergies, 3.31% with an action on the respiratory tract, 2.83% with hormones and 2.09% others. And the economic loss resulting from the loss of the medicines was approximately R$ 9470.00. In the light of the above, we can conclude that the irrational use of medicines, the non-adherence to treatment, the lack of fractionation, the strategies of pharmaceutical marketing, the irrational prescriptions, the non-prescription sale and the lack of health education of the population regarding the medicines lead to an indiscriminate consumption of the medicines, which corroborates for the accumulation in the residences and the incorrect disposal.
Brasil es uno de los países que más consumen medicinas en el mundo, en contraste, no existe legislación que regule la eliminación de medicinas domésticas, la mayoría de las cuales son descartadas incorrectamente en desechos o aguas residuales comunes, contaminando el medio ambiente y ocasionando pérdidas ambientales, sociales y económicas. Al analizar el material se observó que el 95,98% eran sólidos, 2,58 líquidos, 1,51% semisólidos y 0,24% otros. En cuanto a las clases terapéuticas, el 27,25% fueron medicamentos de acción cardiovascular, el 15,30% de acción gastrointestinal, el 15,07% antimicrobianos, el 14,44% de acción del SNC, el 10,71% antiinflamatorios, el 5,49% analgésicos y antipiréticos, el 3,52% 3,31% de acción en el tracto respiratorio, 2,83% de hormonas y 2,09% de otras. Y la pérdida económica resultante de la pérdida de los medicamentos fue de aproximadamente R$ 9470,00. A la luz de lo que antecede, podemos concluir que el uso irracional de los medicamentos, la no adhesión a la terapia, la falta de fraccionamiento, las estrategias de comercialización farmacéutica, las prescripciones irracionales, la venta sin receta y la falta de educación en la salud de la población sobre los medicamentos conducen a su consumo indiscriminado, lo que corrobora la acumulación en los hogares y la eliminación incorrecta.
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No ano de 2020 observou-se um aumento da divulgação de informações parciais e sem embasamento científico sobre COVID-19. Nesse contexto, o Centro Regional de Informação sobre Medicamentos (CRIM) em uma Universidade Pública, torna-se um importante disseminador de informações referenciadas. Este trabalho foi realizado para identificar, por meio dos dados obtidos nos canais de comunicação em que essas ações virtuais foram desenvolvidas, o alcance atingido por cada publicação e evento. Dentre os materiais produzidos, 38,5% foram relacionados à COVID-19; 26,9% ao uso de medicamentos; 21,1% às datas representativas da área da saúde; e 13,5% às informações sobre doenças. Destacaram-se temas como: "Qual a diferença entre medicamento referência e genérico?"; "A importância de tomar o medicamento com água"; "CAFEÍNA: Uso indiscriminado"; "Interações fármacos x alimentos"; e "Imunização Infantil: Devo vacinar meu filho contra a COVID-19?". As ações de educação continuada, somadas às visualizações dos eventos produzidos totalizaram 5.160 visualizações. Destaca-se o IV Simpósio sobre Uso Racional de Medicamentos (URM) e o I Simpósio de Direitos Humanos e Saúde Mental que, em sua totalidade, somaram 3.459 visualizações. As ações reforçam a necessidade de promover práticas voltadas à informação para garantia do uso eficaz, seguro e racional de medicamentos.
In 2020, there was an increase in the dissemination of partial and scientifically unsupported information about COVID-19. In this context, the Regional Drug Information Center (RDIC) in a Public University becomes an important disseminator of referenced information. This work was carried out to identify, through the data obtained from the communication channels in which these virtual actions were developed, the reach atteined by each publication and event. Amongst the materials produced, 38.5% were related to COVID-19; 26.9% to the use of medication; 21.1% to representative dates in the health area; and 13.5% to information about diseases. Topics such as: "What is the difference between reference and generic medicine?"; "The importance of taking the medicine with water"; "CAFFEINE: Indiscriminate use"; "Drug x food interactions"; and "Childhood Immunization: Should I vaccinate my child against COVID-19?". Continuing education actions, added to the views of the events produced, totaled 5,160 views. We highlight the IV Symposium on Rational Use of Drugs (RUD) and the I Symposium on Human Rights and Mental Health which, in their entirety, totaled 3,459 views. The actions reinforces the need to promote information-oriented practices to ensure the effective, safe and rational use of medicines.
En el año 2020 se produjo un aumento en la difusión de información parcial y no se obtuvo ninguna base científica sobre el COVID-19. En este contexto, el Centro Regional de Información sobre Medicinas (CRM) de una Universidad Pública se convierte en un importante difusor de información referenciada. Este trabajo se llevó a cabo para identificar, mediante los datos obtenidos en los canales de comunicación en los que se desarrollaron estas acciones virtuales, el alcance alcanzado por cada publicación y evento. De los materiales producidos, el 38,5% estaban relacionados con el COVID-19; el 26,9% con el uso de medicamentos; el 21,1% con las fechas representativas del área de salud; y el 13,5% con información sobre enfermedades. Temas como: "¿Cuál es la diferencia entre la medicina de referencia y la genérica?"; "La importancia de tomar el medicamento con agua"; "CAFEÍNA: uso indiscriminado"; "Interacciones medicamentosas versus alimentos"; e "Inmunización infantil: ¿debo vacunar a mi hijo contra COVID-19?". Las acciones de la educación continua, sumadas a las visualizaciones de los eventos producidos, alcanzaron un total de 5.160 visitas. Se destacan el cuarto simposio sobre el uso racional de los medicamentos (UDA) y el primer simposio sobre derechos humanos y salud mental, que en su totalidad sumaron hasta 3.459 visualizaciones. Las medidas adoptadas refuerzan la necesidad de promover prácticas orientadas a la información para garantizar el uso eficaz, seguro y racional de los medicamentos.
RESUMO
RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar as concepções de mães e filhos em relação à autonomia de jovens com Síndrome de Down. Nesse sentido, participaram deste estudo 20 mães e 20 jovens com Síndrome de Down. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, que foram gravadas, transcritas e posteriormente analisadas. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que a perspectiva das mães com relação à autonomia diz respeito à realização das atividades cotidianas em casa, mas, ao sair desse ambiente, eles demonstram medo, não permitindo que os filhos ampliem essa autonomia para outros ambientes. Com relação ao jovem com Síndrome de Down, é possível perceber que, mesmo não entendendo a sua condição genética e o que venha a ser de fato autonomia, eles demonstram o desejo de terem uma vida como qualquer outro jovem, que estuda, namora, trabalha, sai de casa sozinho. Assim sendo, é preciso a implementação de programas voltados à capacitação de profissionais, família e jovens com SD no auxílio à autonomia.
ABSTRACT The objective of this article was to analyze the conceptions of mothers and children in relation to the autonomy of young people with Down Syndrome. In this sense, 20 mothers and 20 young people with Down Syndrome participated in this study. A qualitative study was carried out through semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed and subsequently analyzed. The results of the study showed that the perspective of mothers regarding autonomy concerns carrying out daily activities at home, but when leaving this environment, they show fear, not allowing their children to extend this autonomy to other environments. With regard to young people with Down Syndrome, it is possible to notice that even though they do not understand their genetic condition and what autonomy actually means, they demonstrate the desire to have a life like any other young person, who studies, dates, works, leaves home alone. Thus, it is necessary to implement programs aimed at training professionals, families and young people with DS in helping autonomy.
RESUMO
A maternidade tem repercussões para as mulheres, especialmente para as atletas que passam por muitas mudanças na carreira. O objetivo foi identificar o impacto socioemocional da maternidade para atletas por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca foi realizada utilizando as palavras chaves "maternidade e esporte", "gravidez e esporte" e suas correspondentes em inglês e espanhol, nas bases de dados Web of Science e Pubmed, com intervalo de datas entre 2000 e 2022. Foram analisados, a partir da análise de conteúdo, dezenove estudos e foram identificados três temas: a necessidade de ajustes emocionais na vida da mulher-atleta, importância do apoio social e a necessidade de políticas de segurança trabalhista relacionadas à maternidade no esporte. Conclui-se que treinadores, clubes e patrocinadores compreendam que a maternidade na carreira de atletas deve envolver garantia de políticas trabalhistas e apoio socioemocional para preservar a saúde física e emocional das atletas.
Motherhood has repercussions for women, especially for athletes, who go through many career changes. The objective was to identify the socio-emotional impact of motherhood for athletes through an integrative literature review. The search was carried out using the keywords "maternity and sport", "pregnancy and sport" and their corresponding words in English and Spanish, in the Web of Science and Pubmed databases, with a date range between 2000 and 2022. from the content analysis, 19 studies were identified and three themes were identified: the need for emotional adjustments in the woman-athlete's life, the importance of social support and the need for labor security policies related to motherhood in sport. It is concluded that coaches, clubs and sponsors understand that motherhood in the career of athletes must involve guaranteeing labor policies and socio-emotional support to preserve the physical and emotional health of athletes.
La maternidad tiene repercusiones para las mujeres, especialmente para las deportistas, que pasan por muchos cambios de carrera. El objetivo fue identificar el impacto socioemocional de la maternidad para las deportistas a través de una revisión integrativa de la literatura. La búsqueda se realizó utilizando las palabras clave "maternidad y deporte", "embarazo y deporte" y sus correspondientes palabras en inglés y español, en las bases de datos Web Of Science y Pubmed, con un rango de fechas entre 2000 y 2022. Se identificaron 19 estudios y tres temas: la necesidad de ajustes emocionales en la vida de la mujer-atleta, la importancia del apoyo social y la necesidad de políticas de seguridad laboral relacionadas con la maternidad en el deporte. Se concluye que entrenadores, clubes y patrocinadores entienden que la maternidad en la carrera de las deportistas debe implicar garantizar políticas laborales y de apoyo socioemocional para preservar la salud física y emocional de las deportistas.
RESUMO
Resumo Trata-se de uma análise qualitativa das percepções de atores sociais sobre as respostas públicas durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 representantes da sociedade civil indicados por lideranças de movimentos sociais. Para garantir a análise de uma diversidade de vozes, também realizamos a sistematização de artigos de opinião de autoria de organizações humanitárias e lideranças da sociedade civil, publicados em jornais de grande circulação. Nossa análise se inspirou nos princípios éticos da justiça social, solidariedade e cidadania. Utilizamos da análise temática, na qual dois temas principais emergiram: 1) as populações desproporcionalmente afetadas seguem invisibilizadas para cuidados e proteções; 2) há um projeto intencional de aniquilamento das populações consideradas indesejáveis. Para cuidados e mitigação dos efeitos durante emergências sanitárias, os movimentos comunitários devem ser incorporados como parte essencial das respostas. Cuidado, solidariedade e participação cidadã são centrais para a construção de respostas para proteção em saúde dentro do marco da justiça social. As respostas para transformação do futuro pós-pandêmico se localizam nas iniciativas da sociedade civil e de lideranças comunitárias dentro dos territórios.
Abstract This qualitative study aimed to analyze the social actors' perceptions of public responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted semi-structured interviews with eleven civil society representatives and social movement leaders. We also performed triangulation based on the systematization of opinion papers authored by humanitarian organizations and civil society leaders and published in large-circulation newspapers. Our analysis was inspired by the ethical principles of social justice, solidarity, and citizenship. Two main themes emerged from the thematic analysis: 1) disproportionately affected populations remain invisible to care and protection; 2) there is an intentional project to annihilate "undesirable" populations. Community movements must be incorporated as an essential part of the responses to provide care and protection and mitigate the effects during health emergencies. Care, solidarity, and social participation are central to building health protection responses within the framework of social justice. The responses to transforming the future in the aftermath of the pandemic will occur through the initiatives of civil society and community leaders within the territories.
RESUMO
This qualitative study aimed to analyze the social actors' perceptions of public responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted semi-structured interviews with eleven civil society representatives and social movement leaders. We also performed triangulation based on the systematization of opinion papers authored by humanitarian organizations and civil society leaders and published in large-circulation newspapers. Our analysis was inspired by the ethical principles of social justice, solidarity, and citizenship. Two main themes emerged from the thematic analysis: 1) disproportionately affected populations remain invisible to care and protection; 2) there is an intentional project to annihilate "undesirable" populations. Community movements must be incorporated as an essential part of the responses to provide care and protection and mitigate the effects during health emergencies. Care, solidarity, and social participation are central to building health protection responses within the framework of social justice. The responses to transforming the future in the aftermath of the pandemic will occur through the initiatives of civil society and community leaders within the territories.
Trata-se de uma análise qualitativa das percepções de atores sociais sobre as respostas públicas durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 representantes da sociedade civil indicados por lideranças de movimentos sociais. Para garantir a análise de uma diversidade de vozes, também realizamos a sistematização de artigos de opinião de autoria de organizações humanitárias e lideranças da sociedade civil, publicados em jornais de grande circulação. Nossa análise se inspirou nos princípios éticos da justiça social, solidariedade e cidadania. Utilizamos da análise temática, na qual dois temas principais emergiram: 1) as populações desproporcionalmente afetadas seguem invisibilizadas para cuidados e proteções; 2) há um projeto intencional de aniquilamento das populações consideradas indesejáveis. Para cuidados e mitigação dos efeitos durante emergências sanitárias, os movimentos comunitários devem ser incorporados como parte essencial das respostas. Cuidado, solidariedade e participação cidadã são centrais para a construção de respostas para proteção em saúde dentro do marco da justiça social. As respostas para transformação do futuro pós-pandêmico se localizam nas iniciativas da sociedade civil e de lideranças comunitárias dentro dos territórios.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Justiça Social , Humanos , Pandemias , Participação da Comunidade , CidadaniaRESUMO
Resumo O enfrentamento da covid-19 suscitou uma série de problemas na área da saúde, em razão do aumento da demanda de cuidados intensivos. Para solucionar a crise causada pela escassez de recursos de alta complexidade, a tomada de decisão tem se norteado por escores prognósticos, porém esse processo inclui uma dimensão moral, ainda que esta seja menos evidente. Mediante revisão integrativa, este artigo buscou refletir sobre a razoabilidade da utilização de indicadores de gravidade para definir a alocação de recursos escassos na saúde. Observou-se que o trabalho realizado em situações de escassez de recursos provoca sobrecarga moral, convergindo para busca por soluções padronizadas e objetivas, como a utilização de escores prognósticos. Conclui-se que seu uso isolado e indiscriminado não é eticamente aceitável e merece avaliação cautelosa, mesmo em situações emergenciais, como a da covid-19.
Abstract Facing COVID-19 caused many problems in the healthcare field, due to the rise in the intensive care demand. To solve this crisis, caused by the scarcity of resources of high complexity, decision-making has been guided by prognostic scores; however, this process includes a moral dimension, although less evident. With na integrative review, this article sought to reflect on the reasonability of using severity indicators to define the allocation of the scarce resources in healthcare. We observed that the work carried out on resource scarcity situations causes moral overload, converging to the search for standard and objective solutions, such as the use of prognostic scores. We conclude that their isolated and indiscriminate use is not ethically acceptable and deserves cautious evaluation, even in emergency situations, such as COVID-19.
Resumen La lucha contra el Covid-19 implicó una serie de problemas en el área de la salud, debido al aumento de la demanda de cuidados intensivos. Para solucionar la crisis provocada por la escasez de recursos de alta complejidad, la toma de decisiones estuvo orientada por puntuaciones pronósticas, pero este proceso incluye una dimensión moral aún menos evidente. A partir de una revisión integradora, este artículo buscó reflexionar sobre la razonabilidad de utilizar indicadores de gravedad para definir la asignación de recursos escasos en salud. El trabajo realizado en situaciones de escasez de recursos genera sobrecarga moral, llevando a la búsqueda de soluciones estandarizadas y objetivas, como el uso de puntuaciones de pronóstico. Se concluye que su uso aislado e indiscriminado no es éticamente aceptable y merece una cuidadosa evaluación, incluso en situaciones de emergencia, como la del Covid-19.