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1.
J Dairy Sci ; 103(7): 6583-6587, 2020 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32331871

RESUMO

Finding a rapid and simple method of serum IgG determination in lambs is essential for monitoring failure of passive transfer of immunity. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of capillary electrophoresis (CE), an instrument mainly used in blood serum protein analysis, to estimate IgG content in serum of newborn lambs through determination of only total Ig percentage by comparing the results with those obtained with radial immunodiffusion (RID), the reference method for serum IgG quantification. Serum samples were collected at 24 h after birth from 40 Sarda lambs. The IgG concentration measured by RID and serum total Ig concentration measured by CE were (mean ± standard deviation) 29.8 ± 16.1 g/L and 37.8 ± 15.0%, respectively. Data provided by RID and CE analysis showed a polynomial trend (RID = 0.02CE2 - 0.04CE + 4.13; coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.96), displaying a strong relationship between these 2 methods. Applying the polynomial equation, the IgG values were predicted. Predicted IgG values were highly correlated (r = 0.98) and related (R2 = 0.96) to IgG values obtained by RID assay. These data were subjected to Bland-Altman analysis, revealing a high level of agreement between CE and RID methods with a bias that was not different from 0 (-0.04 g/L) and agreement limits of -6.38 g/L (low) and +6.30 g/L (high). In addition, the linear regression analysis between differences (dependent variable) and average of IgG concentration by CE and RID (independent variable) did not show proportional bias (R2 = 0.01). In conclusion, CE is a reliable instrument for a lamb health monitoring program, where Bland-Altman analysis also confirmed that the CE method can be a suitable alternative to RID.


Assuntos
Eletroforese Capilar/veterinária , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Ovinos/sangue , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Feminino , Imunodifusão/veterinária , Modelos Estatísticos , Análise de Regressão , Ovinos/imunologia
2.
Equine Vet J ; 52(2): 305-313, 2020 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31132169

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Airway obstruction is the main trait of severe equine asthma that affects respiratory function and elicits detrimental effects on clinical presentation. Only few and underpowered clinical studies have investigated the impact of improvement in lung function induced by bronchodilators on the clinical signs of asthma-affected horses. OBJECTIVES: To identify the minimal important difference (MID) in lung function elicited by bronchodilator leading to a meaningful improvement in clinical signs. STUDY DESIGN: Pairwise meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis. METHODS: Literature searches were performed for studies that investigated the effect of bronchodilator therapy on lung function and clinical condition of asthmatic horses. The relationship between the change in lung function variables and clinical score was analysed via random-effect meta-regression. One-point change of the Improved clinically Detectable Equine Asthma Scoring System (IDEASS) score was used to identify the MID. RESULTS: A significant (P<0.05) relationship was found between the changes in IDEASS score and maximum change in transpulmonary pressure (ΔPplmax ) or pulmonary resistance (RL ). Since only the model resulting for RL passed through the origin (Y-intercept when X = 0: -0.31, 95% CI -0.75 to 0.14), this variable was used to identify the MID correlated with a meaningful improvement in clinical signs. The resulting MID value was a change in RL of 0.63 cm H2 O/L/s (95% CI 0.33-0.94), representing the slope of meta-regression model (high quality of evidence). MAIN LIMITATIONS: No long-term studies investigated the effect of bronchodilator agents on both lung function and clinical signs in asthmatic horses. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, bronchodilator pharmacotherapy in equine asthma elicits clinically meaningful effect when RL increases ≥1 cm H2 O/L/s, a value indicating the MID. Assessing the MID based on change in RL may improve the quality of evidence and the scientific impact of future clinical trials as it extends beyond the simple, and limiting, evaluation of statistical significance.


Assuntos
Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Asma/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/tratamento farmacológico , Administração por Inalação , Animais , Broncodilatadores/uso terapêutico , Cavalos , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
J Dairy Sci ; 103(2): 1908-1913, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31837777

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the abundance of genes involved in leukocyte function between cows highly specialized for milk production (Holstein, n = 12) and cows selected for meat and milk (Simmental, n = 13). Blood was collected on d 3 after calving in PAXgene tubes (Preanalytix, Hombrechtikon, Switzerland) to measure mRNA abundance of 33 genes. Normalized gene abundance data were subjected to MIXED model ANOVA using SAS (SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC). Simmental cows had greater transcript abundance of proinflammatory cytokines and receptor genes (IL1B, TNF, IL1R, TNFRSF1A), cell migration- and adhesion-related genes (CX3CR1, ITGB2, CD44, LGALS8), and the antimicrobial IDO1 gene. In contrast, compared with Holstein cows, Simmental cows had lower abundance of the toll-like receptor (TLR) recognition-related gene TLR2, the antimicrobial-related gene LTF, and S100A8, which is involved in cell maturation, regulation of inflammatory processes, and immune response. These results revealed that breed plays an important role in the modulation of genes involved in immune adaptation and inflammatory response, and the immune system of Simmental cows could potentially have a more acute response in early lactation. In turn, this might be beneficial for mounting a more efficient response after calving and allow for a smoother homeorhetic adaptation to lactation.


Assuntos
Bovinos/fisiologia , Comunicação Celular , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Inflamação/veterinária , Leite/metabolismo , Animais , Cruzamento , Bovinos/genética , Bovinos/imunologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Feminino , Lactação , Leucócitos/fisiologia
4.
J Dairy Sci ; 102(10): 9312-9327, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31378494

RESUMO

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the side effects of pegbovigrastim, injected approximately 7 d before parturition and on the day of calving, on a panel of plasma biomarkers to evaluate energy, inflammatory, oxidative, and liver function status. We also addressed treatment responses in different breeds during the transition period. Holstein and Simmental cows were randomly assigned into 2 groups based on expected calving date and according to parity: the treated group (PEG; 14 Holstein and 12 Simmental cows) received pegylated recombinant bovine granulocyte colony stimulating factor (pegbovigrastim, Imrestor; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN), and the control group (CTR; 14 Holstein and 14 Simmental cows) received saline solution. The PEG or CTR treatments were administered via subcutaneous injection in the scapular region at approximately 7 d (mean 7.80 ± 5.50 d) before expected parturition and within 24 h after calving. Blood samples were collected at -21, -7 (before injection), 1, 3, and 28 d relative to calving. Milk production was recorded at 7, 15, 21, 30, and 42 d. A mixed model with repeated measures was fitted to the normalized data using Proc MIXED of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Simmental PEG cows showed higher plasma protein concentrations at 1 and 3 d after calving compared with Simmental CTR and Holstein PEG cows, whereas no differences were detected between Holstein PEG and CTR cows. Albumin was greater at 1 d in Simmental PEG compared with Simmental CTR cows. In contrast, γ-glutamyl transferase was higher overall (across breed) in PEG than in CTR. The PEG group had higher values throughout the postcalving period compared with CTR. Cows treated with pegbovigrastim had also higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 1 and 3 d after calving. The Holstein PEG group had higher ALP activity at 3 d compared with the Holstein CTR and Simmental PEG groups, and higher ALP at 1 d compared with the Simmental CTR group. The PEG group had higher levels of IL-6 at 3 and 28 d but higher IL-1ß only at 28 d after calving compared with the CTR group. Overall, Holstein cows were characterized by a greater response in the production of inflammation biomarkers (cytokines, haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin). In addition, PEG cows had higher values of zinc at 1 and 3 d after calving compared with CTR cows. The response observed in plasma biomarkers for energy metabolism and liver functionality after pegbovigrastim treatment in Simmental and Holstein cows was not different from that in control cows. However, our data shed light on the different metabolic adaptations during the transition period between Simmental and Holstein cows, characterized by different energy, inflammatory, and oxidative pattern responses. For the first time, we have highlighted the effect of pegbovigrastim in maintaining stable cytokine levels during the first month after parturition, reflecting greater regulation of neutrophil recruitment, trafficking, and maturation during the inflammatory response. These results provide evidence of the immunomodulatory action of pegbovigrastim around parturition, when dairy cows are highly immunosuppressed. At the same time, these data demonstrate that increasing release of cytokines after parturition is not linked to exacerbation of a systemic inflammation evaluated based on haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin levels.


Assuntos
Bovinos , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/farmacologia , Leite , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , Animais , Indústria de Laticínios , Metabolismo Energético , Feminino , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/efeitos adversos , Haptoglobinas/metabolismo , Inflamação/metabolismo , Inflamação/veterinária , Lactação/fisiologia , Leite/metabolismo , Paridade , Parto , Gravidez , Distribuição Aleatória , Proteínas Recombinantes/efeitos adversos
5.
J Dairy Sci ; 100(8): 6465-6469, 2017 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28601463

RESUMO

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a technique routinely used in clinical laboratories that allows the separation and quantification of blood serum proteins in a rapid, precise, accurate, and inexpensive manner. Recently, CE has been proposed to separate and measure colostral proteins, but an evaluation of the agreement between CE and radial immunodiffusion (RID) method, currently used to quantify IgG in colostrum, is still lacking. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of a CE instrument, normally used in blood serum protein analysis, to realize the correct quantification of total Ig concentration in ewe colostrum, using RID assay as reference. Colostrum samples (n = 68) were collected from 35 multiparous Sarda ewes at first milking (n = 33) and at 24 h postpartum (n = 35). The mean ± standard deviation of IgG concentration measured by RID and whey colostrum total Ig concentration measured by CE were 54.76 ± 41.82 g/L and 54.70 ± 41.43 g/L, respectively. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (r = 0.993; 95% confidence interval = 0.989 to 0.996) and linear regression analysis results (RID = 1.0022CE - 0.063; R2 = 0.986) showed an excellent agreement between these 2 methods. Bland-Altman analysis confirmed that CE method can be a suitable alternative to RID: the mean of the differences between CE and RID was -0.055 ± 4.95 g/L (95% confidence interval = -1.25 to 1.14 g/L) and the agreement limits were -9.75 to 9.60 g/L (low limit 95% confidence interval = -11.82 to -7.68 g/L; high limit 95% confidence interval = 7.57 to 11.72 g/L). In conclusion, the current study indicates that CE method may be a reliable tool for the quantification of the total Ig concentration in ewe colostrum.


Assuntos
Colostro/imunologia , Eletroforese Capilar/veterinária , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Ovinos , Animais , Líquidos Corporais , Eletroforese Capilar/métodos , Feminino , Imunodifusão , Gravidez
6.
Res Vet Sci ; 101: 11-4, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26267082

RESUMO

The aims of this research were to evaluate mean echogenicity (ME) of the deep and superficial digital flexor tendons (DDFT and SDFT), the interosseous muscle (IM), and the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon (ALDDFT) of the metacarpal region in neonatal foals, and determine the effect of sex, side and body weight on this quantitative ultrasonographic evaluation. Thirteen orthopedically sound neonatal foals were examined. Four areas of study (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B) were identified. Transverse scans of the DDFT, SDFT, IM and ALDDFT were obtained, recorded, and analyzed. The most echogenic structures were the ALDDFT and DDFT, while the SDFT was significantly less echogenic than all other structures (P<0.05). No influence of sex, forelimb, or body weight was observed. The echogenicity of the tenodesmic structures of foals partially overlapped that reported in the metacarpal region in adult horses, except for IM.


Assuntos
Animais Recém-Nascidos/fisiologia , Cavalos/fisiologia , Ligamentos/fisiologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Tendões/fisiologia , Animais , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Lateralidade Funcional/fisiologia , Ligamentos/anatomia & histologia , Ossos Metacarpais/anatomia & histologia , Músculo Esquelético/anatomia & histologia , Fatores Sexuais , Tendões/anatomia & histologia , Ultrassonografia/veterinária
7.
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol ; 26(5): 366-71, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23800825

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to describe the cross-sectional area and mean echogenicity of the main tendons of the shoulder and elbow joints in adult German Shepherd dogs and to determine the effects of sex, weight, and age on these parameters. No previous publications in the veterinary literature have reported information regarding quantitative ultrasonographic tendon measurements in dogs. Thirty German Shepherd dogs were examined: 13 males and 17 females. The cross-sectional area was significantly higher in males than in females (p <0.05) for the distal tendon of the triceps brachii muscle and the tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris and common digital extensor muscles. The influence of sex on mean echogenicity was not significant. According to age, mean echogenicity was higher in older dogs, while the cross-sectional areas were similar in the two groups. Cross-sectional area and mean echogenicity of the tendons showed a direct increase with an increase in body weight. The data gained from this study can help support the clinician to discriminate between normal and pathological conditions.


Assuntos
Cães/anatomia & histologia , Membro Anterior/diagnóstico por imagem , Tendões/diagnóstico por imagem , Envelhecimento , Animais , Feminino , Membro Anterior/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , Valores de Referência , Tendões/anatomia & histologia , Ultrassonografia
8.
Res Vet Sci ; 93(1): 331-5, 2012 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21839485

RESUMO

Primary haemostasis (bleeding and blood clotting time), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), antithrombin III (ATIII), protein C, protein S, fibrinogen and D-dimer were determined in 13 cattle affected by chronic enzootic haematuria (CEH) and bladder neoplasms and 10 healthy cattle (control group). Increases in antithrombin III and protein S activities (P<0.01) and protein C and fibrinogen plasma levels (P<0.05) were observed in sick animals, while activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and D-dimer did not show significant differences when compared to healthy animals. The clotting profile observed does not seem responsible for the chronic bleeding typical of CEH. The observed modification of some coagulation markers may derive from multiple interactions among cancer, inflammation and viral infection status typical of this syndrome.


Assuntos
Coagulação Sanguínea , Doenças dos Bovinos/sangue , Hematúria/veterinária , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/veterinária , Animais , Antitrombina III/análise , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Produtos de Degradação da Fibrina e do Fibrinogênio/análise , Fibrinogênio/análise , Hematúria/sangue , Hemostasia , Tempo de Tromboplastina Parcial/veterinária , Proteína C/análise , Proteína S/análise , Tempo de Protrombina/veterinária , Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/sangue , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia
9.
Vet Res Commun ; 34 Suppl 1: S91-6, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20440645

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to perform a proteomic analysis on serum of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania parasite. Sera from 24 dogs, n. 8 with high IFAT titre of anti-Leishmania antibodies (>or= 1:640), n. 8 with uncertain titre (= 1:40), and n. 8 with IFAT negative were used. Sera of each group were pooled together to form three pools: P (high titre); U (uncertain titre); and N (negative). The P pool was analyzed, using a mass spectrometry-based approach to search for Leishmania proteins (qualitative analysis). In a second experiment, protein signal intensities of U and P pools were compared with the signal intensities of N pool by a quantitative mass spectrometry method based on isotopic dilution. The quantitative analysis detected a total of 70 proteins, of which 17 and 5 resulted over- and under-represented in sample P, respectively.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/veterinária , Leishmaniose/metabolismo , Proteômica , Animais , Cães , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Masculino
10.
Vet Clin Pathol ; 37(4): 452-6, 2008 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19055584

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Although rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) are one of the most-studied fish, electrophoretic techniques and classification of serum protein fractions have not been standardized, such that clinically useful values are lacking. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate preliminarily the serum protein fractions of rainbow trout using automated cellulose acetate electrophoresis and densitometry. METHODS: Serum samples from 25 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) were electrophoresed on cellulose acetate plates and quantified using densitometry. RESULTS: A maximum of 6 fractions were identified and numbered, in order of decreasing mobility, as I, II, III, IV, V, and VI. In 3 of 25 (12%) samples, 6 fractions were identified; in 18 (72%) samples, 5 fractions were identified; and in 4 (16%) samples, 4 fractions were identified. Fractions I, V, and VI were always clearly identifiable, whereas fractions II and IV were frequently fused and indistinguishable from fraction III. The pattern with 5 fractions was the most probable type (chi(2), P<.01). The mean (+/-SEM) protein concentrations of the 6 fractions were I, 0.8+/-0.1 g/dL; II, 0.3+/-0.0 g/dL; III, 1.6+/-0.1 g/dL; IV, 0.3+/-0.1 g/dL; V, 0.6+/-0.0 g/dL; and VI, 0.2+/-0.0 g/dL. Based on comparison of serum and plasma electrophoretic patterns from 8 fish, fibrinogen was found in fraction V. CONCLUSION: Automated cellulose acetate electrophoresis and densitometry appear to be a practical method for estimation of serum protein fractions in rainbow trout.


Assuntos
Proteínas Sanguíneas/química , Densitometria/veterinária , Eletroforese em Acetato de Celulose/veterinária , Proteínas de Peixes/química , Oncorhynchus mykiss/sangue , Animais , Automação , Densitometria/instrumentação , Densitometria/métodos , Eletroforese em Acetato de Celulose/métodos , Valores de Referência
12.
Br J Pharmacol ; 150(3): 286-97, 2007 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17200677

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Etanercept is a tumour necrosis factor antagonist with anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of our study was to evaluate, for the first time, the therapeutic efficacy of in vivo inhibition of TNF-alpha in an experimental model of periodontitis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Periodontitis was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by placing a nylon thread ligature around the lower 1st molars. Etanercept was administered at a dose of 5 mg kg-1, s.c., after placement of the ligature. KEY RESULTS: Periodontitis in rats resulted in an inflammatory process characterized by oedema, neutrophil infiltration and cytokine production that was followed by the recruitment of other inflammatory cells, production of a range of inflammatory mediators, tissue damage, apoptosis and disease. Treatment of the rats with etanercept (5 mg kg-1, s.c., after placement of the ligature) significantly reduced the degree of (1) periodontitis inflammation and tissue injury (histological score), (2) infiltration of neutrophils (MPO evaluation), (3) iNOS (the expression of nitrotyrosine and cytokines (eg TNF-alpha)) and (4) apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2 expression). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate that treatment with etanercept reduces the development of inflammation and tissue injury, events associated with periodontitis.


Assuntos
Imunoglobulina G/uso terapêutico , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Periodontite/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/uso terapêutico , Animais , Apoptose , Etanercepte , Imunoglobulina G/farmacologia , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Infiltração de Neutrófilos , Periodontite/fisiopatologia , Ratos
13.
J Dent Res ; 85(2): 156-61, 2006 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16434734

RESUMO

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) receptor appears to play a pivotal role in the regulation of cellular proliferation and inflammation. Recent evidence also suggests that rosiglitazone, a PPAR-gamma agonist, reduces acute and chronic inflammation. We hypothesized that rosiglitazone would attenuate periodontal inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the effects of rosiglitazone in a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis. At day 8, ligation significantly induced an increase in neutrophil infiltration, as well as of gingivomucosal tissue expression of iNOS, nitrotyrosine formation, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activation. Ligation significantly increased Evans blue extravasation in gingivomucosal tissue and alveolar bone destruction. Intraperitoneal injection of rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg 10% DMSO daily for 8 days) significantly decreased all of the parameters of inflammation, as described above. Analysis of these data demonstrated that rosiglitazone exerted an anti-inflammatory role during experimental periodontitis, and was able to ameliorate the tissue damage associated with ligature-induced periodontitis.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Periodontite/tratamento farmacológico , Tiazolidinedionas/farmacologia , Tiazolidinedionas/uso terapêutico , Perda do Osso Alveolar/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Ligadura , Masculino , Infiltração de Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/antagonistas & inibidores , PPAR gama/agonistas , Periodontite/metabolismo , Inibidores de Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Rosiglitazona , Tirosina/análogos & derivados , Tirosina/antagonistas & inibidores
15.
Vet Rec ; 156(11): 346-9, 2005 Mar 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15789648

RESUMO

Twenty-seven dogs infected naturally with Leishmania infantum were used in a randomised controlled trial to compare the clinical and parasitological efficacy of an oral treatment with a combination of metronidazole and spiramycin (13 dogs) with the efficacy of conventional treatment with meglumine antimonate and allopurinol (14 dogs) as controls. In the test group one dog had to be withdrawn from the treatment because it developed pemphigus foliaceus; 10 of the dogs were clinically responsive but none was cured parasitologically. In the control group four dogs were withdrawn from the treatment because of side effects; eight of the dogs were clinically responsive but none was cured parasitologically. The control group showed signs of improvement after an average of 30 days, whereas the test group did not show signs of improvement until after an average of 45 days.


Assuntos
Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Leishmania infantum/efeitos dos fármacos , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Espiramicina/uso terapêutico , Alopurinol/uso terapêutico , Animais , Cães , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/métodos , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Leishmania infantum/isolamento & purificação , Leishmaniose Visceral/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Meglumina/uso terapêutico , Metronidazol/efeitos adversos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Espiramicina/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento
17.
J Dent Res ; 83(4): 343-8, 2004 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15044511

RESUMO

The role of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species is well-demonstrated in inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the effect of aminoguanidine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, in a rat model of periodontitis. We induced periodontitis in rats by placing a piece of 2/0 braided silk around the lower left 1st molar. At day 8, the gingivomucosal tissue encircling the mandibular 1st molar was removed for biochemical and histological analysis. Ligation significantly increased inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and expression, and damaged tissue revealed increased neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation, and positive staining for nitrotyrosine formation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activation. Ligation significantly increased Evans blue extravasation in gingivomucosal tissue and alveolar bone destruction. Aminoguanidine (100 mg/kg i.p., daily for 8 days) treatment significantly reduced all these inflammatory parameters, indicating that it protects against the tissue damage associated with periodontitis by reducing nitric oxide production and oxidative stress.


Assuntos
Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Gengiva/enzimologia , Guanidinas/farmacologia , Mucosa Bucal/enzimologia , Periodontite/enzimologia , Tirosina/análogos & derivados , Perda do Osso Alveolar/etiologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Gengiva/patologia , Ligadura/efeitos adversos , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/fisiologia , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Infiltração de Neutrófilos/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Periodontite/etiologia , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/metabolismo , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Tirosina/metabolismo
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