RESUMO
Few poets have written on medical topics, but one who did was William Dunbar, an eighteenth century Scots poet who wrote of his headache. His headache was severe enough to confine him to his house, and may have been migraine, but this remains uncertain. Scotland's king at that time was James IV who was well-educated and interested in medicine. He awarded Dunbar a salary, probably as secretary in his household, which may reflect his general support for education and the arts.
Assuntos
Literatura Medieval/história , Medicina na Literatura , Poesia como Assunto , Cefaleia/história , História do Século XVI , História do Século XVIII , Humanos , EscóciaRESUMO
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. The condition is characterised by loss or failure of the functional and/or biochemical integrity of the joint. The clinical symptoms include joint stiffness, pain and dysfunction, but the principal problem for the majority of patients is the pain. Although there are no pain receptors in the cartilage, the origin of the pain is thought to be due to stimulation of the A delta mechanoreceptors and the C polymodal nerve endings in the synovium and surrounding tissues. However, some of the pain experienced in and around the joints is referred pain or sympathetic efferent pain. In addition, there is a poor correlation of clinical symptoms with radiological or imaging appearance. This lack of correlation of clinical evaluation and imaging makes attempts at treatment difficult and compromises attempts to design studies and to evaluate the outcome of osteoarthritis in clinical trials.
Assuntos
Osteoartrite/diagnóstico , Dor/etiologia , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Eletromiografia , Humanos , Mecanorreceptores/fisiologia , Terminações Nervosas/fisiologia , Condução Nervosa , Osteoartrite/tratamento farmacológico , Osteoartrite/fisiopatologiaAssuntos
Pessoas Famosas , Osteíte Deformante/história , História Medieval , Humanos , Islândia , Masculino , NoruegaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore circadian variation in pain, stiffness, and manual dexterity in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Twenty one patients with hand OA, as defined by ACR criteria (17 women, four men, mean age 62.2 years, range 52-74 years) self rated pain and stiffness on separate 10 cm horizontal visual analogue scales and performed bead intubation coordinometry (BIC) six times each day (on waking up, at bedtime, and every four hours in between) for 10 consecutive days. Each series (using data with the trend removed if there was a significant trend) was analysed for circadian rhythmicity by a cosine vector technique (single cosinor). With individual data expressed as the percentage of the mean, group rhythm characteristics at period 24 hours were summarised for each variable by population mean cosinor analysis. RESULTS: Individual analyses identified significant circadian rhythms at pAssuntos
Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia
, Mãos/fisiopatologia
, Destreza Motora/fisiologia
, Osteoartrite/fisiopatologia
, Dor/fisiopatologia
, Idoso
, Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico
, Feminino
, Força da Mão/fisiologia
, Humanos
, Masculino
, Pessoa de Meia-Idade
, Osteoartrite/tratamento farmacológico
, Dor/tratamento farmacológico
, Medição da Dor
RESUMO
King James VI of Scotland (Jamie the Saxt) became James I of England in 1603. This led to what is now known as the United Kingdom: indeed the flag, the Union Jack, is named after him. He was probably the best educated king to sit on a European throne, although he often lacked sagacity. He authorised a new translation of the Bible, now known as the King James Bible. He is also remembered for his abhorrence of smoking tobacco, which he ably expressed in A Counterblaste to Tobacco in 1604.
Assuntos
Pessoas Famosas , Fumar/história , História do Século XVII , Humanos , Plantas Tóxicas , Nicotiana , Reino UnidoRESUMO
Despite the fact that the University of Glasgow had a well-developed medical school founded in the eighteenth century, a modern rheumatology unit was only opened in 1965. However, Glasgow physicians, surgeons, and pathologists contributed to the study of bone and joint disease before this date. This paper is a summary of their contributions.
Assuntos
Doenças Ósseas/história , Artropatias/história , Reumatologia/história , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Faculdades de Medicina , EscóciaRESUMO
The history, ocular and oral clinical features, and histopathology of Sjögren's syndrome are described. Primary Sjögren's syndrome is defined when only the ocular and oral components are present, while the secondary form refers to the association with a connective tissue disorder, especially rheumatoid arthritis, or other illness such as AIDS, hepatitis C infection, or biliary cirrhosis. Sjögren's syndrome is a common, but often overlooked disorder. Patients with severe disease run a forty-times risk of developing lymphoma usually of the B cell type.
